Even countries previously spared the high death toll are now struggling with how to manage the crisis at a time that families traditionally come together to celebrate.

即使是以前免於高死亡人數的國家，現在也在掙扎著如何在這個傳統上家庭聚在一起慶祝的時刻管理這場危機。

Germany has now entered Ah hard locked down until the 10th of January, with schools and non essential businesses closing after a record 952 deaths were reported in the last 24 hours.

德國現在已經進入阿硬鎖定，直到1月10日，學校和非必要的企業關閉後，在過去24小時內報告了952人死亡的記錄。

Here in the UK, 60% of the population is now living under the country's maximum level of covert restrictions, known as Tier three.

在英國，現在有60%的人生活在國家最高級別的祕密限制之下，即所謂的第三級。

Since midnight on Wednesday, Italy is considering a further tightening of measures over Christmas is the daily death toll remains close to 500?

自週三午夜起，意大利正考慮進一步收緊措施，聖誕節期間是日死亡人數仍接近500人？

Italy's now overtaken the U.

意大利現在已經超過了美國。

K is the country with the highest death toll in Europe.

K是歐洲死亡人數最多的國家。

Jenny Hill reports from Berlin.

珍妮-希爾從柏林發來的報道。

There's little festive cheer as Germany prepared for a Christmas in lock down as shops, schools and hairdressers closed this morning.

德國準備過一個鎖定的聖誕節，今天早上商店、學校和理髮店都關門了，沒有什麼節日氣氛。

Another miserable Marston more than 950 deaths recorded in a day.

又是一個悲慘的馬斯頓，一天內有950多人死亡的記錄。

Even taking into account statistical fluctuations, it's the worst death toll here since the pandemic began yesterday.

即使考慮到統計上的波動，這也是自昨天疫情開始以來，這裡最嚴重的死亡人數。

Shoppers thronged the streets ahead of the lock down.

購物者在鎖定前湧上街頭。

Most surveys suggest Think it's the right course of action way.

大多數調查表明，認為這是正確的行動方式。

Worry about the elderly in my family as they are at higher risk than we are.

擔心我家的老人，因為他們的風險比我們高。

I'm very pleased to see the new plan because the measures taken so far have not shown good outcomes.

我很高興看到新的計劃，因為到目前為止採取的措施還沒有顯示出良好的效果。

Germany closed its bars, restaurants, arts and leisure facilities six weeks ago, but that did little to stop the spread of infection.

德國在六週前關閉了酒吧、餐館、藝術和休閒設施，但這對阻止感染的蔓延沒有什麼作用。

This country's health system may be robust, but it's under real pressure.

這個國家的衛生系統可能很強大，但它面臨著真正的壓力。

Some hospitals have had to turn patients away.

一些醫院不得不將病人拒之門外。

If you ask me, it's absolutely the right time to lock down.

如果你問我，現在絕對是鎖定的好時機。

Hospitals here are at breaking point.

這裡的醫院已經到了崩潰的邊緣。

We've already had to transfer patients because we don't have any more free beds.

我們已經不得不轉移病人，因為我們沒有更多的空閒床位。

So what's gone wrong for the country, which came so successfully through the first wave?

那麼，成功度過第一波浪潮的國家，到底出了什麼問題呢？

Scientists aren't sure, though some blame regional politicians who resisted Angela Merkel's calls for a tougher nationwide response earlier in the autumn.

科學家們並不確定，儘管一些人指責地區政治家在秋季早些時候抵制安格拉-默克爾關於更嚴厲的全國性反應的呼籲。

I assume that, uh, people do not follow all the regulations that were that were told.

我認為，呃，人們並沒有遵守所有的規定，是，被告知。

I mean we had to reduce our context by about 75% but I think that didn't work.

我的意思是，我們不得不減少我們的上下文75％，但我認為這沒有工作。

There's frustration to the vaccine developed by German scientists has been rolled out in other countries here, there still awaiting you approval for use.

有挫折感，由德國科學家開發的疫苗已經在其他國家推出了這裡，那裡還在等待你準許使用。

It's hoped that will happen before the end of the year.

希望能在年底前實現。

But for now, a country which loves its festive traditions has all that canceled.

但現在，一個熱愛節日傳統的國家，這一切都取消了。

Christmas.

聖誕節。

Jenny Hill, BBC News Berlin So tough restrictions in Germany, but at a time that families are desperate to see each other.

珍妮-希爾，BBC新聞柏林報道 在德國，如此嚴厲的限制，但在家人迫切希望看到對方的時候。

How do we balance government restrictions with personal responsibility for our own and others health to find out I spoke to, said Cary Cooper, professor of organizational psychology at the University of Manchester.

我們如何平衡政府的限制與個人對自己和他人健康的責任，找出我的談話，曼徹斯特大學組織心理學教授卡里-庫珀說。

Well, I think we have missed messages, don't we?

好吧，我想我們已經錯過了消息，不是嗎？

I mean, on the one hand, we have government saying, Have Christmas for five days with certain constraints, only three families together.

我的意思是，一方面，我們有政府說，有聖誕節五天，有一定的限制，只有三個家庭在一起。

On the other hand, we have public health officials saying this is not a good idea.

另一方面，我們有公共衛生官員說這不是一個好主意。

There'll be a second spike in January.

1月會有第二個高峰。

This is very dangerous, and by the way, we have other public health officials who are saying probably a minority, saying, Well, for the mental health of the nation, we need this.

這是非常危險的，順便說一下，我們還有其他的公共衛生官員，他們說可能是少數人，說，好吧，為了國家的心理健康，我們需要這個。

You know, for the elderly who are lonely for grandchildren who want to see their grand parents.

你知道的，對於孤苦伶仃的老人來說，對於想見到祖父母的孫子來說。

So there's a mixed messaging going on.

所以，有一個混雜的消息。

It's not as clear cut it looks.

這並不像看起來那麼清楚。

It seems to me as Germany and France will, he said.

據我看來德國和法國將，他說。

That's it.

就這樣吧

We're gonna have to wait till January to do this, so I think that's creating difficulties.

我們得等到一月份再做，所以我覺得這是在製造困難。

But basically it's a risk assessment situation.

但基本上是一個風險評估的情況。

We're all in now because of the mixed messaging we're having to make our own decisions personal.

我們現在都是因為混雜的資訊，我們要自己的決定個人。

What are the risks for May?

5月的風險是什麼？

What are the risk for my family, the elder people or the people with underlying health conditions in my family?

我的家人、老人或家裡有基礎疾病的人有什麼風險？

And it's a risk assessment that we're all going through to decide.

而我們都要通過風險評估來決定。

Well, should we go down and see those relatives?

那麼，我們要不要下去看看那些親戚？

We have some elderly relatives, you know?

我們有一些年長的親戚，你知道嗎？

That's problematic.

這是有問題的。

Do we go by public transport?

我們坐公共交通工具去嗎？

Do do we go by card?

你是用卡做的嗎？

Are we going to go it all?

我們要全力以赴嗎？

Should we stay at home?

我們應該呆在家裡嗎？

I think really, it's been left up to us personally, and the phrase is, use your common sense and I think common sense is great.

我覺得真的是，一直是由我們個人來決定的，這句話就是，用你的常識，我覺得常識很好。

If you have common sense and you do your own personal risk assessment, not just for you, but for your other family members.

如果你有常識，你自己做個人風險評估，不僅是為了你自己，也是為了你的其他家庭成員。

Then it will work.

那就可以用了。

And if we have enough people using their common sense, I think we could manage this process.

如果我們有足夠的人使用他們的常識，我想我們可以管理這個過程。

The difficulty is we have different kinds of personalities.

困難的是我們有不同的個性。

We have some people who are very risk averse.

我們有一些人非常厭惡風險。

They'll probably just stay at home and there in lies the problem.

他們可能只會呆在家裡，問題就在這裡。

We have different personalities and different views, most likely within the same family groups and at a time of year when people generally get together.

我們的性格不同，觀點也不同，很可能是在同一個家庭群體中，在一個大家普遍聚在一起的時候。

It's also a time of year when people generally have disagreements over one thing or another.

這個時候，人們一般也會因為這樣或那樣的事情產生分歧。

And this has the potential.

而這是有潛力的。

Two sparks, Um, conflict, doesn't it?

兩個火花，嗯，衝突，不是嗎？

When people may disagree on whether it's safe to meet up Andi, others feel that it isn't How is best to navigate that?

當人們可能會對見面安迪是否安全產生分歧時，別人覺得不安全如何是最好的引導呢？

Oh, I totally I totally agree with you.

哦，我完全我完全同意你的觀點。

I think that's what's going to happen.

我想這就是將要發生的事情。

There'll be within a family.

一個家庭內會有。

People who are very risk averse are going to go to the family but are worried about how the other members of the family are gonna operate and particularly operate the week before Christmas because that's the time in which they could get the infection and, for example, Children could be asymptomatic and so on.

非常厭惡風險的人都會去找家庭，但又擔心家庭其他成員如何操作，尤其是在聖誕節前一週操作，因為這時候他們可能會被感染，例如，兒童可能沒有症狀等等。

They're still mixing with other kids and the light.

他們還在和其他孩子混在一起，光。

So I think you're right.

所以我認為你是對的。

Even within a group of family group, we're gonna have that kind of issue.

即使是在一個家庭群體中，我們也會有這樣的問題。

I think each of us is gonna have to make our own risk assessment, given there is no clear cut answer either by government or public health, although they do have answers.

我想我們每個人都要做出自己的風險評估，因為政府或公共衛生部門都沒有明確的答案，儘管他們確實有答案。

But the answers are different answers.

但答案是不同的答案。

And therefore, every one of us is gonna have to use quote our risk assessment common sense to decide how we're going to manage this.

是以，我們每個人都要用風險評估的常識來決定如何管理這個問題。

But I think it may be very problematic even within families during that four or five day period.

但是我覺得在這四五天的時間裡，即使在家庭內部也可能會出現很大的問題。

If you go if you go to see your family, Professor Sir Cary Cooper, speaking to me a little earlier.

如果你去，如果你去看你的家人，卡里-庫珀爵士教授，剛才跟我說。