Name: 十大有爭議的真人科學實驗 (Top 10 Controversial Real Life Science Experiments)
Uploaded: 2020-12-16T18:37:54.000Z
Duration: 14 min

過去完成式

I watched what had been marvelous, cooperative, wonderful, thoughtful Children turn into nasty, vicious, discriminating little third graders.

我眼睜睜地看著原本奇妙、合作、美好、體貼的孩子們變成了討厭、惡毒、歧視的三年級小學生。

And today we're counting down our picks for the top 10 controversial science experiments.

而今天我們就來細數一下我們選出的十大爭議性科學實驗。

That's all company out of this'll Case was called a medical triumph, but in truth, the case was a failure.

這都是公司出的這個ll案被稱為醫學上的勝利，但事實上，這個案子是失敗的。

I'm alone and lost in the mall for this list.

我一個人在商場上為這個榜單迷茫。

We're looking at experiments that generated debate as a result of their methodologies, results or the risks involved to participants.

我們正在研究那些因其方法、結果或參與者所面臨的風險而引發辯論的實驗。

In other words, they must have provoked actual argument rather than universal.

換句話說，他們一定是引發了實際的爭論，而不是普遍的。

Condemnation will be excluding reviews of other studies that didn't involve new experiments.

譴責將排除對其他沒有涉及新實驗的研究的審查。

What's the craziest scientific experiment you've ever heard off?

你聽說過的最瘋狂的科學實驗是什麼？

Tell us in the comments below Number 10 Little Albert, conducted by famed behaviorist John B.

在下面的評論中告訴我們10號小艾伯特，由著名行為學家約翰．

Watson and his graduate student Rosalie Rayner, this experiment is controversial due to its methodology and ethical shortcomings.

沃森和他的研究所學生羅莎莉-雷納，這個實驗由於其方法和道德上的缺陷而備受爭議。

Watson wanted to use classical conditioning to give an 11 month old child a phobia of rats and other furry objects.

沃森想用經典的調理方法，讓一個11個月大的孩子對老鼠和其他毛茸茸的物體產生恐懼症。

They let the child referred to his Albert play with a rat, then whacked a metal bar with a hammer behind him.

他們讓那個被稱為 "阿爾伯特 "的孩子和一隻老鼠玩耍，然後在他身後用錘子捶打一根金屬棒。

The loud noise reportedly instilled in the child of fear of furry objects.

據報道，巨大的噪音給孩子灌輸了對毛茸茸物體的恐懼。

In general, it was a landmark experiment in behaviorism, a school of thought that dominated psychology for decades.

總的來說，這是行為主義的一個里程碑式的實驗，這個學派在心理學中佔據了幾十年的主導地位。

However, looking back reviewers have criticized the experiment for using Onley a single subject, and it's dubious ethical standards.

然而，回過頭來看，評論家們責備該實驗使用了Onley一個單一科目，它的倫理標準令人懷疑。

Heck, they made the kid afraid of bunny rabbits.

And Santa Claus we have established that way will try to make it what we so Children, you'll be looking forward to your presence.

而聖誕老人我們已經建立了這樣的方式，將盡量使它我們所以孩子們，你會期待你的存在。

We'll try very high number nine, The Large Hadron Collider experiments.

我們將嘗試非常高的數字九，大型強子對撞機實驗。

They're scaring a child, and then there's ripping, Ah, hole in the fabric of space time.

他們在嚇唬一個孩子，然後就是撕扯，啊，時空結構上的洞。

Fortunately, the Large Hadron Collider, completed in 2000 and eight, hasn't actually done the latter, but there were fears it would, making its construction controversial indeed, especially among the public.

幸運的是，2000年和8年建成的大型強子對撞機並沒有真正做到後者，但有人擔心它會，這使得它的建設確實存在爭議，特別是在公眾中。

Located near Geneva, Switzerland, this gigantic particle collider smashes atoms together to plumb the secrets of the universe, designed and built by thousands of engineers, scientists and mathematicians from across our tiny planet with the goal of helping other scientists learn about things have incredibly small size by smashing them together.

這臺巨大的粒子對撞機位於瑞士日內瓦附近，它將原子砸在一起，以探尋宇宙的祕密，它是由我們這個小星球上的數千名工程師、科學家和數學家設計和建造的，目的是幫助其他科學家通過將原子砸在一起，瞭解事物具有不可思議的小尺寸。

However, before it was activated, many worried that it would create stable, microscopic black holes Tatar type.

然而，在它被激活之前，許多人擔心它會產生穩定的微觀黑洞塔塔型。

I have enjoyed our time together, but I've got a very bright future ahead of you.

我很享受我們在一起的時光，但我有一個非常光明的未來在等著你。

Similar concerns had surrounded New York's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider before its activation in the year 2000.

紐約的相對論重離子對撞機在2000年啟動之前，也有類似的擔憂。

Fortunately, safety reviews have concluded that any such black holes would evaporate or fly off into space.

幸運的是，安全審查的結論是，任何這樣的黑洞都會蒸發或飛向太空。

They also noted that high energy collisions occur naturally without catastrophic consequences.

他們還指出，高能碰撞是自然發生的，不會造成災難性後果。

呃，好吧，到目前為止，還不錯。

Number eight, The Darrelle Ben pre Cognition study in 2011 respected psychologist Daryl Ben announced some rather bold findings in the EPA's Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

第八名，達瑞爾-本認知前研究2011年受人尊敬的心理學家達瑞爾-本在EPA的《人格與社會心理學雜誌》上公佈了一些相當大膽的發現。

He reported that people could recall certain words better when they were given time to repeat them.

他報告說，當人們有時間重複某些單詞時，他們可以更好地回憶起這些單詞。

He claimed this worked even when they were only allowed to practice the words after testing.

他聲稱，即使他們只允許在測試後練習單詞，這也是有效的。

This amounted to a scientific argument for pre cognition or extrasensory perception.

這等於科學地論證了前認知或感外感知。

The results could be seen as challenging how the human brain perceives time.

這一結果可以看作是對人腦感知時間方式的挑戰。

Needless to say, the study created an uproar.

不用說，這項研究引起了軒然大波。

Similar experiments were unable to replicate them's results.

類似的實驗無法複製他們的結果。

It also sparked debate in the scientific community over the pier view process, accepted methodologies and experimental psychology and difficulties in publishing replications and non significant results.

這也引發了科學界對墩觀過程、公認的方法論和實驗心理學的爭論，以及發表複製和非重要結果的困難。

Number seven Loftus is lost in the mall study.

七號洛夫特斯在商場研究中迷失了方向。

我一個人在商場裡迷失了方向。

Over time, our recollection of specific events can change or just fade altogether.

隨著時間的推移，我們對特定事件的回憶可能會改變，或者完全消失。

I just since my injury, I can't make new memories.

我只是自從我受傷後，我無法留下新的記憶。

But have you ever had a memory that wasn't actually your own?

但你有沒有過一段其實不是自己的記憶？

You'll probably answer no, at least not that you know of.

你可能會回答不，至少你不知道。

In the mid nineties, a team led by American cognitive psychologist Elizabeth Loftus set out to prove just how easy it is to implant a childhood memory in someone oven event they never experienced.

在九十年代中期，美國認知心理學家伊麗莎白-洛夫特斯上司的一個團隊開始證明，將童年記憶植入某人烤箱他們從未經歷過的事件是多麼容易。

The false memory they chose was being lost in a mall.

他們選擇的虛假記憶是在商場裡迷失。

They were lost for an extended period of time that they were frightened.

他們迷失了很長時間，以至於他們被嚇壞了。

They were ultimately rescued by an elderly person and then brought back together with their family.

最終，他們被一位老人救起，然後和家人一起帶回。

The findings were considered groundbreaking casting an unprecedented level of doubt on the human memory.

這些發現被認為是突破性的，對人類的記憶產生了前所未有的懷疑。

Adding to the controversy, It was also used to discredit recovered memories repressed in survivors of abuse and other traumatic experiences.

增加了爭議，它也被用來否定恢復的記憶壓抑在虐待和其他創傷性經驗的倖存者。

Through suggestion, we're finding that maybe as many as a quarter of our subjects will develop a complete or or a partial memory of this experience that never really happened to them.

通過暗示，我們發現也許有多達四分之一的受試者會對這段從未真正發生在他們身上的經歷形成完整或或部分的記憶。

Number six Limits challenge to free will and you can't mess with free will.

六號極限挑戰自由意志，你不能亂用自由意志。

是的，你可以最好的美麗的它。

The concept of free will is one that's been debated as long as anyone can remember.

自由意志的概念，從大家有記憶以來就一直在爭論。

In the 19 eighties, however, it seemed as if neuroscientist Benjamin Lim had finally delivered a definitive answer limits landmark experiment, studied the human brain and found that it registered activity before test subjects made a conscious choice.

然而，在19世紀80年代，似乎神經科學家本傑明-林終於交出了一個明確的答案限制里程碑式的實驗，研究了人腦，發現它在測試對象做出有意識的選擇之前登記了活動。

All I have to do is watch the spinning dot and click a button whenever I feel like it, then report to the scientist.

我只要看著旋轉的點，隨時點擊一個按鈕，然後向科學家報告。

At what time I felt the urge to click from this.

在什麼時候，我感覺到了從中點擊的衝動。

It was suggested that our choices are unconscious and thus not truly our own.

有人提出，我們的選擇是無意識的，是以不是真正屬於自己的。

This would be a controversial conclusion, even with ironclad methodology.

這將是一個有爭議的結論，即使是鐵板一塊的方法論。

In other words, his experiments seemed to show that the conscious decision didn't cause the movement.

換句話說，他的實驗似乎表明，有意識的決定並沒有引起運動。

The brain activity bringing about movement started before the individual willed anything toe happen.

大腦活動帶來的運動在個體意志發生之前就開始了。

Since then, however, limits experiment has had both supporters and detractors, with critics arguing over how to interpret the brain activity that preceded action.

然而，從那時起，極限實驗就有了支持者和反對者，批評者們爭論著如何解釋行動之前的大腦活動。

The elderly related words provoke slow walking experiment.

老年人相關詞條引發慢走實驗。

The idea of social prime ing seems to make intuitive sense.

And it could affect their behavior, such as their performance on a general knowledge test.

而這可能會影響他們的行為，比如他們在常識測試中的表現。

However, what John bars and colleagues claimed to have discovered in 1996 was nonetheless startling When subjects were primed with the stereotype of an elderly person.

然而，約翰-巴爾斯及其同事在1996年宣稱發現的東西還是令人震驚的，當受試者被引出一個老人的刻板印象時。

They reportedly walked more slowly afterwards, as if they themselves had become old.

據報道，他們後來走得更慢了，好像他們自己也老了。

This became hugely controversial in 2012, when researchers failed to replicate barges finding and suggested that experimenters had unconsciously biased the results.

這在2012年成為巨大的爭議，當時研究人員未能複製駁船的發現，並建議實驗者無意識地偏離結果。

Bars reacted with a scathing personal attack and the whole field of social prime ING has since been described as a quote train wreck.

巴斯的反應是嚴厲的人身攻擊的，整個領域的社會首要的ING從此被描述為行情火車殘骸。

Number four Jane Elliott's Blue Eyes Brown Eyes experiment The day after Martin Luther King Junior's assassination in 1968 school teacher Jane Elliott decided to try an experiment to teach her all white third graders about discrimination.

第四位簡-艾略特的藍眼睛棕色眼睛實驗 1968年馬丁-路德-金被暗殺後的第二天，學校老師簡-艾略特決定嘗試一個實驗，教她的全白人三年級學生認識歧視。

The Children were divided into a brown eyed and a blue eyed group with the former deemed superior.

孩子們被分為棕眼組和藍眼組，前者被認為是上等人。

And given certain privileges, the brown eyed people get five extra minutes of recess.

並且給予一定的特權，棕色眼睛的人可以多獲得5分鐘的休息時間。

You blue eyed people are not allowed to be on the playground equipment at any time.

你們這些藍眼睛的人，任何時候都不能上操場設備。

Subsequently, the brown eyed Children began talking down to their blue eyed peers, who became shy and performed poorly in tests.

隨後，棕色眼睛的孩子開始對藍色眼睛的同齡人低聲下氣地說話，他們變得害羞，在測試中表現不佳。

After several days, their positions were reversed.

幾天後，他們的位置就被顛覆了。

White people are smarter than brown eyed people.

They they are cleaner than brown eyed people.

他們他們比棕色眼睛的人更乾淨。

They are more civilized than brown eyed people.

The experiment received considerable backlash, with one letter writer deeming it quote cruel to white Children.

實驗收到了相當大的反響，一個寫信的人認為它報價殘酷的白人兒童。