Name: 一架飛機在4.1萬英尺高空燃料耗盡。以下是接下來發生的事情 (An Airplane Ran Out of Fuel at 41,000 Feet. Here's What Happened Next)
Uploaded: 2020-12-15T19:41:39.000Z
Duration: 8 min 49 s

基礎被動語態

This video is made possible by Brilliant, a problem solving website that teaches you how to think like a scientist.

這個視頻是由Brilliant提供的，Brilliant是一個解決問題的網站，教你如何像科學家一樣思考。

Every single day, over 100,000 flights take place up in the skies between cities all across the world.

每天有超過10萬架次的班機在世界各地的城市間飛行。

程度副詞

Right now, as you're watching this video, there's probably about 5000 or so planes full of people flying over just the United States alone.

現在，當你在看這段視頻的時候，光是美國上空，大概就有5000多架飛機滿載著人在飛。

Flying by airplane is by far the safest possible way for you to travel anywhere today in the 21st century.

在21世紀的今天，乘坐飛機是迄今為止最安全的旅行方式。

Sometimes, if you're driving your car on the way toe work and you run out of gas, you may just have to pull over and push it or hitchhike over to the nearest gas station.

有時候，如果你開著車在去上班的路上沒油了，你可能只能把車停在路邊推著走，或者搭車去最近的加油站。

But when you run out of gas on your plane while you're in the middle of flying it, your options are all pretty much equally shit.

但當你在駕駛飛機的過程中，飛機沒油了，你的選擇都是差不多一樣的狗屎。

And that's exactly the situation that the crew of Air Canada Flight 143 faced back on July 23rd, 1983 the day before their plane was flown from Toronto to Edmonton and received its routine maintenance checks on the morning of the 23rd the plane was flown from Edmonton over to Montreal, where the old crew got swapped out for our new crew.

而這正是1983年7月23日加拿大航空143班機的機組人員所面臨的情況，他們的飛機從多倫多飛往埃德蒙頓的前一天，在23日上午接受了例行的維修檢查，飛機從埃德蒙頓飛往蒙特利爾，老機組人員被換成了我們的新機組人員。

That takes part in this story, including captain Robert Pearson with over 15,000 hours of flight experience and First Officer Maurice Contol with over 7000 hours.

參與這個故事的，包括擁有超過15000小時飛行經驗的機長羅伯特-皮爾森和擁有超過7000小時飛行經驗的大副莫里斯-康托爾。

It's important to note that at the time Canada was in the middle of converting from barbarian imperial units over to the glorious metric system for their aviation industry.

需要注意的是，當時加拿大正處於從野蠻的英制組織、部門向光榮的公制組織、部門轉換的過程中，他們的航空業。

But Air Canada had so far on, Lee began using the metric system on their brand new 767 planes, which, of course, Air Canada Flight 1 43 was one of every other plane.

但加拿大航空公司到目前為止，李開始在他們全新的767飛機上使用公制，當然，加拿大航空公司1 43號班機是其他每架飛機中的一架。

Besides the 7 67 in the Air Canada fleet were still using imperial units, and this caused a bit of confusion on the part of the refueling team who were instructed toe load up the plane with 22,300 kg of fuel.

此外，加航機隊中的7 67仍在使用英制組織、部門，這給加油團隊帶來了一些困惑，他們被訓示給飛機裝上22300公斤的燃料。

Unfortunately, they filled up the plane with £22,300 of fuel instead, which was only about half of the fuel that they needed to reach Edmonton.

不幸的是，他們給飛機加滿了22300英鎊的燃料，而這只是他們到達埃德蒙頓所需燃料的一半。

The flight crew approved the fuel without noticing the air took off and didn't even think about it until they were 41,000 ft high up in the air and an alarm went off, signaling that they're left.

機組在沒有注意到空中起飛的情況下就準許了燃油，直到他們在4.1萬英尺的高空，警報響起，標誌著他們已經離開了。

They were only about halfway through their trip to Edmonton, and with only one engine working, they decided to divert to nearby Winnipeg for an emergency landing.

他們在前往埃德蒙頓的途中只走了一半的路程，由於只有一個引擎在工作，他們決定轉道到附近的溫尼伯緊急降落。

Unfortunately for them, though, quickly after the left engine went out, the right engine followed suit and died as well.

不過不幸的是，在左引擎熄火後，很快右引擎也跟著熄火了。

This was, of course, because their plane had run out of fuel 41,000 ft high up in the sky.

當然，這是因為他們的飛機在41000英尺的高空耗盡了燃料。

And with the loss of power to the engines came a loss in electricity for the entire plane, which shut off most of the instrument panels inside of the pilot's cockpit.

而隨著發動機失去動力，整架飛機的電力也隨之流失，飛行員駕駛艙內的大部分儀表盤都被關閉。

Captain Pearson and First Officer Contol.

We're now responsible for somehow getting all 61 of their passengers and crew on board to safety without any fuel and with only very basic instruments, and they knew that they didn't have much time.

我們現在要負責把61名乘客和機組人員全部送到安全地帶，沒有任何燃料，只有非常基本的儀器，他們知道他們沒有多少時間。

The first thing they did was to frantically searched through their on board emergency checklist for the section about flying a plane with both engines out.

他們做的第一件事就是瘋狂地在機上應急檢查表中搜索關於開飛機時兩臺發動機都熄火的部分。

But they quickly discovered that that section just didn't exist.

但他們很快就發現，那個部分根本就不存在。

This situation had never been covered before in their flight simulator training and Air Canada.

這種情況在他們的飛行模擬器訓練中從未涉及過，而加拿大航空。

Corporate had just assumed that an incident like this would never happen, so nobody was really prepared for it.

公司剛剛以為這樣的事件不會發生，所以沒有人真正做好準備。

Luckily for everybody on board, Captain Pearson also just happened to be an experienced glider pilot and decided to do the Onley logical thing.

幸運的是，機上的所有人，皮爾森機長也剛好是一名經驗豐富的滑翔機駕駛員，決定做安利邏輯的事情。

Glide the plane down to a super serious emergency landing somewhere.

把飛機滑行到某處超嚴重的緊急降落。

Unfortunately for everybody on board, neither of the pilots had access to a vertical speed indicator, which indicates the rate at which the aircraft is descending.

遺憾的是，機上所有人都沒有使用垂直速度指示器，該指示器可顯示飛機下降的速度。

This meant that the pilots didn't know with certainty how long they could continue gliding for before the plane inevitably smashed into the ground.

這意味著，飛行員並不能確定地知道在飛機不可避免地撞向地面之前，他們還能繼續滑行多久。

Captain Pearson made his best guess as to what the optimal gliding speed for the plane waas around 250 MPH.

皮爾森機長對飛機的最佳滑行速度做了最好的猜測，大約是250英里/小時。

At first, Officer contol began frantically calculating if they could still reach their intended emergency landing spot at Winnipeg, using the mechanical backup instruments on board to figure out their altitude and measuring that against the distance traveled that they were traveling, provided by air traffic control and he figured out that they had dropped 5000 ft in altitude in Onley 10 nautical miles of gliding, which meant that Winnipeg was too far away.

一開始，康托爾軍官開始瘋狂地計算他們是否還能到達預定的溫尼伯緊急降落點，他利用機上的機械備份儀器計算出他們的高度，並將其與空中交通管制部門提供的他們的飛行距離進行對比測量，他計算出他們在昂利10海里的滑翔中已經下降了5000英尺的高度，這意味著溫尼伯太遠了。

Thinking quickly, Comptel suggested that they land at an old, decommissioned Royal Canadian Air Force base at Gimli, where he used to serve as a pilot.

康普特爾思維敏捷，建議他們降落在加拿大皇家空軍在吉姆利的一箇舊的、退役的基地，他曾經在那裡擔任飛行員。

Captain Pearson and air traffic control all agreed on the plan, but unknown toe, all of them the former Air Force base had since been converted into a race track, and at the time of their crisis, a race was in the middle of being hosted there.

皮爾森上尉和空中交通管制部門都同意了這個計劃，但不知不覺中，他們所有的人都發現，這個前空軍基地從此被改造成了一個賽馬場，在他們危機的時候，那裡正在舉辦一場比賽。

And part of the decommissioned runway was being used as a drag strip as they were getting close to the old runway that's now a drag strip.

而部分退役的跑道被用作拖曳跑道，因為他們正在接近舊跑道，現在是拖曳跑道。

They used a gravity dropped to force the landing gear down without using any power.

他們在不使用任何動力的情況下，利用重力下降的方式迫使起落架下降。

It became apparent that they were coming in too high and too fast, but they decided that they had no other choice, and they surged ahead anyway.

顯然，他們來的太高太快了，但他們決定別無選擇，他們還是衝在了前面。

There were a few things that made their landing extremely difficult, though first, without any engines working, their plane was making almost no noise.

有幾件事讓他們的降落變得極為困難，不過首先，在沒有任何發動機工作的情況下，他們的飛機幾乎沒有任何噪音。

And so people on the ground at the racetrack had no warning of their sudden landing.

所以賽馬場地面上的人對他們的突然降落沒有任何預警。

Second, their nose wheel had failed to lock into place during the gravity drop.

其次，他們的機頭輪在重力下降過程中未能鎖定到位。

And third, the plane had automatically deployed a wind turbine on the side of the plane to provide power for the hydraulic steering system.

第三，飛機在機側自動部署了一個風力發電機，為液壓轉向系統提供動力。

Since the main engines were dead as long as wind was blowing and causing the turbine blades to spin, they had good ability to steer.

因為只要有風吹動，導致渦輪葉片旋轉，主發動機就會死機，所以他們有很好的轉向能力。

But as they slowed down on their approach, the blades on the turbine span slower, which generated less power, which caused the plane to be increasingly more difficult to steer and control.

但隨著他們進場時速度的減慢，渦輪機上的葉片跨度變慢，產生的動力也就越來越小，這就導致飛機的轉向和控制難度越來越大。

The slower that they went, but to almost miraculous other things happened that saved them from disaster.

他們走得越慢，但到幾乎奇蹟般地發生了其他事情，使他們免於災難。

First was the nose wheel actually failing toe lock into position As soon as the wheels of the plane touched down on the runway, Captain Pearson braked really hard and the nose wheel collapsed and was forced back up into its well.

首先是機頭輪居然沒能趾高氣揚地鎖定位置，當飛機的輪子一接觸跑道，皮爾森機長真的狠狠地剎車，機頭輪塌陷了，被迫回到了它的井裡。

That caused the nose of the aircraft to smash into the ground, bounced back up and then finally scrape across the ground.

這使得飛機的機頭撞到了地面上，又彈了回來，最後在地面上刮過。

He added friction of this help to slow the airplane down even Mawr and kept it from veering off into the crowd surrounding the plane on either side.

他增加了這種幫助的摩擦力，使飛機的速度減慢甚至毛爾，使飛機不至於偏離到兩邊圍觀的人群中去。

Pearson also applied an extra right break, which caused the main landing gear to straddle a guard rail that had been placed in the center of the runway, which created even Mawr Extra drag.

皮爾森還應用了一個額外的右斷，這導致主起落架橫在了跑道中心的護欄上，這甚至造成了毛爾額外的阻力。

Finally, Air Canada flight 143 safely came to a complete stop on the ground 17 minutes after they first lost their fuel and had their engines shut down.

最後，加航143號班機在第一次失去燃料並關閉引擎17分鐘後，安全地完全停在了地面上。

Nobody on board the plane or on the ground was seriously injured and following an internal investigation by Air Canada captain Pearson was demoted for six months and First Officer Comptel was suspended for two weeks for allowing the whole thing to happen in the first place.

飛機上和地面上沒有人受重傷，在加拿大航空內部調查後，機長皮爾森被降職6個月，大副康普特爾被停職兩週，因為他首先允許整個事情的發生。

However, they did successfully appealed their suspensions and they rewarded the first ever diploma for outstanding airmanship by the F A I.

不過，他們確實成功地對停賽進行了上訴，並獲得了F A I有史以來第一張優秀飛行員證書。

They both continue toe work his pilots for the rest of their careers without another major incident taking place, and the 7 67 plane itself continued in service for Air Canada until it was finally retired in 2008.

他們都繼續趾工作他的飛行員在他們的職業生涯的其餘部分，沒有另一個重大事件發生，和7 67飛機本身繼續服務於加拿大航空公司，直到它終於在2008年退役。

Almost 25 years later, the lesson from the whole story is, is that bad math can kill you, but good math afterwards can still save you.

將近25年後，整個故事的教訓是，是糟糕的數學可以殺死你，但之後好的數學仍然可以拯救你。

Basically, if everybody just knew how to use conversions and math properly beforehand, this entire thing would never have happened in the first place.

基本上，如果大家事先都知道如何正確使用換算和數學，這整個事情就不會發生在第一時間。

Unfortunately for them, the Internet and brilliant didn't exist back then to teach them these skills.

不幸的是，那時候還沒有互聯網和輝煌來教他們這些技能。

But luckily for you today, brilliant makes learning math easy and fun.

不過今天幸運的是，輝煌讓你學習數學變得簡單而有趣。

If you want to understand more about things like algebra, geometry or calculus that were important in this scenario, the best way to learn and understand is by applying them yourself.

如果你想了解更多關於代數、幾何或微積分等在這個場景中很重要的東西，最好的學習和理解方式就是自己應用。

And that's exactly what brilliant allows you to do.

If watching my weekly videos isn't enough for you, and you want to learn something new every day, brilliant offers daily problems now that provides a quick view into math, logic, science, engineering or computer science.

如果看我每週的視頻對你來說還不夠，而你又想每天學習一些新的東西，輝煌現在提供了每日問題，提供了對數學、邏輯、科學、工程或計算機科學的快速觀察。

You can learn to track time like the ancients did.

你可以像古人一樣學習追蹤時間。

Learn how to use a solar sail to travel in space without any feel or loads of other things.

學習如何使用太陽帆在太空中旅行，沒有任何感覺或其他東西的負載。

Each problem provides you with the context and the framework that you need to tackle it so that you learn the concepts by applying them And if you like the problem, there is more like it in the quiz on the left so that you can explore the concept and even greater detail.

每個問題都為你提供瞭解決它所需要的背景和框架，這樣你就可以通過應用它們來學習概念，如果你喜歡這個問題，在左邊的測驗中還有更多類似的問題，這樣你就可以探索概念，甚至更詳細。

And if you ever get confused and you need more guidance, you could join in on the community discussion.

如果你有什麼困惑，需要更多的指導，你可以加入社區討論。

Every thought provoking challenge will lead you from curiosity to mastery one day at a time.

每一次發人深省的挑戰，都會引領你從好奇心到掌握一天的時間。

So if you're curious about learning mawr and you want to support real life floor at the same time, go over to brilliant dot org's slash real life floor and sign up for free.

所以，如果你對學習毛毛雨很好奇，同時又想支持真人樓，可以去輝煌點點網的斜線真人樓免費註冊。

 And then the 1st 200 people that use the link in the description will get 20% off of their annual subscription to view all the daily problems that air in the archive. 

然後前200名使用描述中的鏈接的人將獲得20%的年度訂閱折扣，以查看檔案中的所有每日問題。