December 7th is also exactly two weeks away from the official start of winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

12月7日，距離北半球正式入冬也正好兩週。

But don't tell that to the folks in the US Northeast because they're already there.

但不要把這些話告訴美國東北地區的人，因為他們已經在那裡了。

A nor Easter, the first such storm of the season, arrived over the weekend.

上週末，本季第一場這樣的風暴 "復活節 "來臨。

Maine, Massachusetts and New Hampshire appeared to be hit the hardest.

緬因州、馬薩諸塞州和新罕布什爾州似乎受到的打擊最大。

Across those three states, more than 280,000 homes and businesses had lost electricity.

在這三個州，有超過28萬戶家庭和企業停電。

By Sunday morning, some areas in the region recorded more than a foot of snow.

到週日早上，該地區的一些地區錄得超過一英尺的積雪。

It was described as heavy and wet snow and that can way down branches and make it more dangerous to drive.

據介紹，這是大而溼的雪，會方式下樹枝，使它更危險的駕駛。

Wind gusts reached up to 68 MPH, according to AccuWeather.

根據AccuWeather的數據，風速最高達到68英里/小時。

The forecasting company also said this storm met the definition for a bomb cyclone that's named for a process called bombo genesis.

預測公司還表示，這場風暴符合炸彈氣旋的定義，而炸彈氣旋的命名是由於一種叫做炸彈成因的過程。

When a weather system intensifies very quickly in a very short amount of time, so what were some of the effects of all this.

當一個天氣系統在很短的時間內非常迅速的加強，那麼這一切的影響有哪些。

Power lines were knocked down, roads were in bad shape.

電線被撞斷了，路況很差。

People were told to stay home, a CNN meteorologist says.

美國有線電視新聞網（CNN）的一位氣象學家說，人們被告知留在家裡。

Things could have been even worse, though, if temperatures had been a few degrees colder when the storm began.

不過，如果暴風雨開始時氣溫再低幾度，情況可能會更糟糕。

As utility crews were assessing the damage, the storm turned toward the eastern Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and his CNN's Jennifer Gray tells us the wind and snow aren't the only effects of A nor Easter.

當公用事業人員正在評估損害時，風暴轉向加拿大東部的新不倫瑞克省和新斯科舍省，他的CNN的Jennifer Gray告訴我們，風和雪不是A nor Easter的唯一影響。

What happens on the coast could change the look of a shoreline.

海岸上發生的事情可能會改變海岸線的面貌。

A nor Easter occurs within the most crowded coastline of the United States, the northeast, and they can occur any time of year but are most common between the months of September and April.

A也不復活節發生在美國最擁擠的東北部海岸線內，它們可以發生在一年中的任何時候，但最常見的是9月到4月之間。

That's when weather conditions are prime.

這時，天氣條件是黃金時期。

For a nor Easter.

對於一個也不復活節。

You start with a low.

你從一個低的開始。

It's going to travel from the southeast to the Northeast and intensify nor'easters, their strongest around New England as well as the Canadian maritime provinces.

它將從東南部到東北地區，並加強北風，其最強的新英格蘭地區以及加拿大的海洋省份。

Now we have very warm water in the Gulf of Mexico and all around the coast of Florida.

現在我們在墨西哥灣和佛羅里達州的海岸都有非常溫暖的水。

It's going toe, warn the air above it and that warm air is going to clash with very cold air coming in from the north.

它要去，警告它上面的空氣和溫暖的空氣將與從北方來的非常寒冷的空氣發生衝突。

Now, new research carry winds out of the Northeast at about 58 MPH.

現在，新的研究攜帶風出東北，速度約為58英里/小時。

Arm or in, keep in mind the wind direction out of the Northeast is what defines a nor Easter.

臂或在，請記住，風向出東北是定義一個也復活節。

It's also going to cause beach erosion as well as coastal flooding and very, very rough ocean conditions.

它還會造成海灘侵蝕以及沿海洪水和非常非常惡劣的海洋環境。

Not all nor'easters have snow, but some of the most memorable ones have dumped lots of it.

並非所有的北緯都有雪，但一些最令人難忘的北緯都傾瀉了大量的雪。

12th trivia.

12日的小知識。

Which of these American ships was the only one not commissioned during World War One U.

在這些美國艦艇中，哪一艘是一戰期間唯一沒有服役的U.

S s Arizona USS California U.

S s 亞利桑那號加利福尼亞號U。

S s Nevada or USS Oklahoma.

內華達號或俄克拉荷馬號。

The U.

U.

S s California was commissioned in 1921 5 years after the others, though they were all damaged in the World War Two attack on Pearl Harbor.

加利福尼亞號於1921年服役，比其他艦艇晚了5年，不過它們都在第二次世界大戰珍珠港襲擊中受損。

Mhm a date which will live in infamy.

一個將名垂青史的日子。

Yeah, Okay.

是啊，好吧。

The United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan and the condition of the time.

美國突然遭到日本帝國海空軍的蓄意攻擊，以及當時的狀況。

Mm hmm.

嗯哼。

Um, that situation is very fluid situation.

嗯，這種情況是非常多變的情況。

No.

不知道

Okay.

好吧，我知道了

Okay.

好吧，我知道了

Mhm.

嗯

Mm hmm.

嗯哼。

2020 was historic for wildfires in California.

2020年是加州野火的歷史性時刻。

Never before this year did that state alone lose anywhere close to four million acres at least a Sfar.

從來沒有在今年之前，光是那個州就損失了接近400萬畝的土地，至少是一個斯法爾。

As records go for the United States as a whole, wildfires did not set a record.

就整個美國的記錄而言，野火併沒有創造記錄。

The National Interagency Fire Center says there have been two years since 1983 when America lost more than 10 million acres, toe wildfires and 2020 isn't one of them.

國家機構間消防中心表示，自1983年以來，美國已經有兩年失去了超過1000萬英畝的土地，趾高氣揚的野火，2020年不是其中之一。

It's also possible that farm or land burned every year in the early 20th century.

也有可能在20世紀初，每年都有農場或土地被燒燬。

But the agency says those figures shouldn't be compared because they're not as reliable, regardless of where the records are.

但該機構表示，這些數字不應該進行比較，因為無論記錄在哪裡，它們都不那麼可靠。

There are a number of organizations that replant areas that have been scorched.

有一些組織對已被燒燬的地區進行重新種植。

This could be done manually by workers on the ground.

這可以由當地的工人手工完成。

It can also be done by air using planes, helicopters and now drones, though experts say these methods are not as effective, is manually planting trees.

也可以利用飛機、直升機和現在的無人機進行空中作業，雖然專家說這些方法沒有那麼有效，但就是人工種樹。

Still, it's cheaper, and one of the company's doing this believes it's a solution.

不過，它的價格還是比較便宜的，其中一家做這個的公司認為這是一個解決方案。

Over eight million acres of land in the U.

在美國有800多萬畝土地。

S.

S.

Were scorched in 2020 about two million more than average.

在2020年被燒燬，比平均水平多出約200萬。

We're losing more trees faster than nature can regenerate or humans could regenerate, So we've gotta have better tools to be able to reforest faster.

我們正在失去更多的樹木比自然界的再生速度快 或者人類可以再生，所以我們必須有更好的工具 能夠更快地重新造林。

A Seattle based company called Drone Seed thinks that tool could be, as its name suggests, automated see dropping drones.

一家總部位於西雅圖的名為Drone Seed的公司認為，該工具可以像它的名字一樣，自動見滴無人機。

Swarms of them, to be exact.

確切地說，是成群結隊的。

This is something that's sci fi.

這就是科幻的東西。

There's multiple drones operating perform a task simultaneously.

有多架無人機同時操作執行一項任務。

Typically, reintroducing tree growth is a slow manual process that could take up to three years.

通常情況下，恢復樹木生長是一個緩慢的人工過程，可能需要三年時間。

It requires growing young trees in a nursery that tree planters plant by hand.

它需要在苗圃中種植幼樹，植樹人用手栽種。

They're superheroes.

他們是超級英雄。

They're carrying £40 of one or two year old trees in these bags on their hips, and then they're using a shovel, and they burned the caloric equivalent of running two marathons every day.

他們把40英鎊的一兩年樹齡的樹用這些袋子裝在屁股上，然後用鏟子，他們每天消耗的熱量相當於跑兩個馬拉松。

But automated drones can cover a lot more ground and get the job done faster.

但自動無人機可以覆蓋更多的地方，更快地完成工作。

Grant Canary Drone Seed CEO says In groups of five, the drones can cover up to 50 acres in a day, compared to about to buy a human.

格蘭特金絲雀無人機種子CEO表示，在五人一組的情況下，無人機一天可以覆蓋50畝地，相比之下，買一個人大約。

And he says the speed and automation can save landowners 30 to 50% of the reforestation costs.

而且他說，速度和自動化可以為土地所有者節省30-50%的造林成本。

Can you explain to us what goes in to the operations of one of these missions where we come in with heavy lift drone swarms, zip up and down those mountainsides, deploy sea vessels in very targeted, precise locations and make reforestation scalable.

你能不能給我們解釋一下，在這些任務中，我們帶著重型無人機群，在山坡上飛來飛去，在目標明確的地點部署海船，並使重新造林的規模擴大。

Aerial seeding is not a new idea, but historically raw seeds air dropped with imprecision and can land in port terrain.

空中播種並不是一個新的想法，但歷史上生種子空投不精準，會在港口地形落地。

So Drone Seed uses advanced laser mapping to identify the best locations for their C drops, targeting healthy soil and other ideal conditions.

所以，無人機種子利用先進的脈衝光測繪技術，針對健康的土壤和其他理想的條件，確定其C滴的最佳位置。

Those are the areas that are not gravel.

這些都是沒有碎石的地方。

They don't have high competitive vegetation, and so the seeds themselves are going to grow better.

它們的競爭植被不高，所以種子本身也會生長的更好。

8 ft long drones take off on pre programmed routes carrying loads of nearly £60 but they don't drop raw seeds.

8英尺長的無人機在預先編好的路線上起飛，載著近60英鎊的貨物，但它們不會投放生鮮種子。

Instead, Drone Seat has developed seed vessels that include a proprietary blend of everything a seed needs to survive, like fertilizers, nutrients and natural pest deterrents.

相反，無人機座椅已經開發了種子容器，其中包括一個專有的混合種子生存所需的一切，如肥料，養分和天然的害蟲清除劑。

And unlike seedlings, they don't need to be buried in the ground.

而且和苗木不同，它們不需要埋在地裡。

The vessel is a dry fiber, so it absorbs moisture of soaking up in expanding, so that helps it avoid drying out, which is one of the biggest causes of seed mortality.

容器是一種乾性纖維，所以它在膨脹中吸收浸泡的水分，所以有助於它避免乾燥，這是造成種子死亡的最大原因之一。

What we've done is instead of taking three years to go, a seedling in a nursery.

我們所做的是，一個苗圃裡的苗木，而不是用三年的時間去。

We're doing it in 30 to 60 days by utilizing seeds in the seed vessel.

我們通過利用種子容器中的種子，在30到60天內完成。

That's really what we see is the big difference between it.

這其實就是我們看到的它的最大區別。

Drone seed claims it can grow upwards of 140 trees per acre, based on trials in New Zealand.

無人機種子宣稱，根據在紐西蘭的試驗，每畝地可以種植140多棵樹。

In Washington state, they're promising results.

在華盛頓州，他們的結果很有希望。

But from a small sample size.

但從小樣本量來看。

This year alone in California, over four million acres were consumed by wildfires, and you can manage 50 acres in a day.

今年僅在加州，就有超過400萬英畝的土地被野火吞噬，而你可以在一天內管理50英畝的土地。

What's it gonna take for you guys to really be able to make a dent in this problem?

你們要怎麼做才能真正解決這個問題？

It's an automated process.

這是一個自動化的過程。

We can have two trucks, two trailers, six aircraft operated by a team of four do thousands of acres in a year.

我們可以讓兩輛卡車、兩輛拖車、六架飛機，由四人小組操作，一年做上千畝地。

We copy and paste.

我們複製和粘貼。

That Theo Arecibo Observatory telescope in Puerto Rico was one of the most powerful telescopes in the world, I say was because this happened last week.

位於波多黎各的西奧-阿雷西博天文臺望遠鏡是世界上最強大的望遠鏡之一，我說是因為上週發生了這件事。

The radio telescope had been around since the 19 sixties, but it was not in good shape this summer.

射電望遠鏡從1960年代就開始使用了，但今年夏天它的狀況並不好。

One of the cables that supported its 900 ton platforms snapped, and then last month, another one broke and engineers say It was just a matter of time before the whole thing came tumbling down.

其中一條支撐其900噸平臺的電纜斷裂，然後上個月，另一條斷裂，工程師說這只是一個時間問題，整個東西都倒塌了。

They had a pretty good handle on the scope of the damage.

他們對損害的範圍有很好的把握。

But we'd rather observe what it was supposed to observe, rather than having a lens to see it go down the tube.

但我們寧願觀察它應該觀察的東西，也不願意有一個鏡頭去看它的下場。

In such an aperture loss for a finder that helped finder such scientifically mounted discoveries, Middle College High School gets today's shoutout.

在這樣的的光圈虧損中，幫忙找尋這樣的的科學裝束髮現，中學院中學得到了今天的呼喊。

It's in San Pablo, California They did the one thing you can do to get a mention on our show.

在加州的聖巴勃羅，他們做了一件事，你可以在我們的節目中得到提及。

They subscribed and left a comment on the most recent show at youtube dot com slash CNN.

他們訂閱了youtube dot com slash CNN的最新節目並留下了評論。

10.

10.

I'm Carla Zeus.

我是卡拉-宙斯

Just a minute.

等一下