reject, reject, and "In E we trust"?  What is this? Nouns and verbs?  

拒絕，拒絕，"我們相信E"? 褂幸桓齟?名詞和動詞?

What, you don't? Oh, maybe - I don't  know. Maybe you guys don't know.  

什麼，你不知道？哦，也許--我不知道。也許你們不知道。

This particular lesson is about seven verbs - or  are they nouns? Notice I put "noun/verb" here.  

這節課特別講的是七個動詞--還是名詞？注意我在這裡放了 "名詞/動詞"。

What I mean by this is, there are many words  in English which look exactly the same. Now,  

我的意思是，在英語中，有很多單詞看起來完全一樣。現在。

I'm not talking about words that have  -ing or -ed, where you can say "worked"  

我說的不是那些有-ing或-ed的詞，你可以說 "工作"

and you know it's a noun - sorry, a verb right  away. But there are some words, they are written  

你就知道這是一個名詞--對不起，馬上就是一個動詞。但是有一些詞，它們被寫成

in a way that you can't tell if it's a noun or  a verb right way. Now, it looks like Mr. E here  

以至於你無法分辨它是名詞還是動詞的方式。現在，它看起來像E先生在這裡

is of two minds. He's looking at the word  "reject" and he doesn't know, are you a reject?  

是有兩種想法的。他看著 "拒絕 "這個詞，他不知道，你是拒絕嗎？

Or, is something been a reject, or rejected,  right? Noun or verb, and I did the idea there.  

或者說，有些東西是被拒絕的，或者被拒絕的，對嗎？名詞或動詞，我做了那裡的想法。

But we're going to do a lesson, and I'm going to  try to teach you how to tell the difference when  

但是，我們要做一個教訓，我將嘗試教你如何區分當

you see the word written the exact same way,  right? I don't want you to reject my offer,  

你看這個詞寫得一模一樣，對吧？我不希望你拒絕我的提議。

and this product is a reject.  If you listen very carefully,  

而這個產品是一個拒絕。 如果你仔細聽。

there was a difference I will tell you.  Even though it's not written on paper,  

有一個區別，我會告訴你。 即使它沒有寫在紙上。

how you can figure out the difference  between the noun and the verb.  

你怎麼能弄清楚名詞和動詞的區別。

And to explain this, "In E we trust". A lot of  money around the world, they'll have "In God  

而要解釋這個問題，"In E we trust"。世界上有很多錢，他們會有 "In God"（上帝）。

we trust". Now, you see there are two E's, and  I'm going to give you a bit of history because,  

我們相信"。現在，你看有兩個E，我給你講講歷史，因為。

well, it's www.engvid.com . You  get more than your money's worth,  

嗯，這是www.engvid.com 。你得到的比你的錢的價值更多。

pardon the pun. January - and the month in  the English calendar - January looks at the  

請原諒我的雙關語。1月--也是英文日曆中的月份--1月看。

year before, and the year ahead. And the god is  a Roman god called Janus. And E is looking here  

前年，和未來的一年。而這個神是羅馬的一個神，叫Janus。而E正看著這裡

because his two heads are looking at one word  and the two possible meanings. You like that?  

因為他的兩個頭在看一個詞和兩種可能的意思。你喜歡這樣嗎？

Me too. Let's go to the board. What are the seven words? Well, if you're in  

我也是我們去黑板上看看吧那七個字是什麼？嗯，如果你是在

business, you're going to hear a lot about, you  know reporting. And you're going to hear a lot  

業務，你會聽到很多關於， 你知道報告。你會聽到很多

about refunding or refilling an order or something  like that. And what I've tried to do is give you  

關於退款或重新填充訂單 或類似的東西。而我試圖做的是給你

seven words that you probably will  see a lot in your line of work.  

七個字，在你的工作中可能會經常看到。

And you may be confused by it when you know  for sure - I know for a fact you've probably  

當你確定知道的時候，你可能會被它所迷惑--我知道事實上你可能已

heard the word "refund", and you know  what a refund is, but when someone says,  

聽說過 "退款 "這個詞，你也知道什麼是退款，但當有人說。

"We have to offer a refund", sorry  "When we refund their money",  

"我們必須提供退款"，對不起 "當我們退還他們的錢"。

and you're like, "What's the difference?" There's  a difference that makes the difference.  

你會想，"有什麼區別？"有一個區別，使差異。

Typically, what is found is when a word that can  be a noun or a verb and you're confused by it,  

一般情況下，發現的是當一個可以做名詞或動詞的詞，你卻被它迷惑了。

listen to the pronunciation. Now, of course, right  away, you're not going to become an expert at  

聽一聽發音。現在，當然，馬上，你不會成為一個專家在。

doing this, but I'm going to try my best today  to make it clear enough, so I might exaggerate  

做這件事，但我今天要盡力把它說得足夠清楚，所以我可能會誇大

a little bit. And I don't necessarily want you  going out there, "I want a REEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEfund!"  

一點點。我不一定要你去那裡， "我想一個REEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE基金！"

so they know it's a noun. They'll get the point,  whether you get it right. But you want to be  

所以他們知道這是一個名詞。他們會明白你的意思，不管你說的對不對。但你要做到

able to hear when someone speaking to you, right?  Because on paper, it's easy. You read something;  

能夠聽到有人對你說話，對嗎？ 因為在紙上，這很容易。你讀的東西。

you can see it. But when they're speaking, you  want to be able to get the idea from the context  

你可以看到它。但當他們說話的時候，你要能從上下文中瞭解到他們的想法。

and the way that they speak, what is being offered  to you. Is it a noun or a verb? Alright?  

以及他們說話的方式，給你提供的是什麼。它是一個名詞還是一個動詞？好嗎？

So, we started off, well he says "reject", but  we're going to start up here. All the nouns are  

所以，我們一開始，好吧，他說 "拒絕"，但我們要從這裡開始。所有的名詞都是

in red, and all the verbs in black. And notice  they're exact same except where I've shown you is,  

紅色的，而所有的動詞都是黑色的。請注意，他們是完全一樣的，除了我給你看的地方是。

if you look carefully, where we put more  emphasis or we try to emphasize more of the  

如果你仔細觀察，我們更強調的地方，或者說我們試圖強調的更多的是

verbs or the vowel sound, it's at the beginning of  the word when it comes to nouns. And when it comes  

動詞或元音，當涉及到名詞時，它是在單詞的開頭。而當它涉及到

to the verb, we tend to emphasize the latter part  of the - the last part and the vowels in the last  

到動詞，我們傾向於強調後半部分的--最後部分和後半部分的元音。

part of the word. So, even though it's the same  word, for instance: I would like a refund for my  

詞的一部分。所以，即使是同一個詞，比如。我想要退款

apple. It's broken. It's got  a bite in it, someone ate it.  

蘋果。它的破碎。它有一個咬在它，有人吃了它。

But they can - but they might say: We  will refund your money at a later date.  

但他們可以-但他們可能會說。我們會在以後退還你的錢。

And I don't go "RE-fund". I go "re-FUND" your  money. The "fund" - mm, this is a delicious apple.  

我不去 "再融資"，我去 "再融資 "你的錢。我去 "再基金 "你的錢。"基金"--毫米，這是一個美味的蘋果。

The "fund" is getting more emphasis  there. So, you can ask for a "RE-fund",  

"基金 "在那裡得到了更多的強調。所以，你可以要求 "再基金"。

and we will "re-FUND" your money later, "re-FUND".  

而我們以後會把你的錢 "再融資"，"再融資"。

Refund being the actual money that's given to  you. Refunding is actually giving it back.  

退款是實際給你的錢。退款其實就是把錢還給你。

Pardon me while I eat, because it's going on for  a minute or two. Mmm, it's actually delicious,  

原諒我吃飯的時候，因為要吃一兩分鐘。嗯，其實很好吃。

though. What about "decrease"? Let me  give you a real world example on this one.  

雖然。那 "減少 "呢？我舉個實際的例子來說明這個問題。

Sometimes, you need to - you need  a decrease in the volume. Oh,  

有時候，你需要--你需要減少音量。哦。

students used to do it all the time. They wanted  the volume up and down when I was playing a movie,  

學生們過去一直這樣做。他們想在我放電影的時候把音量調大調小。

and they wouldn't know what to say. Now really,  in English, we say "Turn up the volume" or "Turn  

他們就不知道該說什麼了。現在，真的，在英語中，我們說 "Turn up the volume"（調高音量）或 "Turn"（打開）。

it down". It comes from old technology when we  literally used to turn it up and down. But now,  

它下來"。它來自於古老的技術，當時我們真的是把它調高調低。但現在

you can increase it or decrease it with a slide.  So, if there is an increase in volume - sorry,  

你可以用幻燈片增加或減少它。 所以，如果有一個增加的體積 - 對不起。

in this case, a decrease. Well, really emphasize  the DE, there's a "DE-crease" in the volume.  

在這種情況下，減少。好吧，真正強調de，在量上有一個 "de減"。

Now, you need to "de-CREASE" the volume.  Notice this, you need to "de-CREASE",  

現在，你需要 "去增加 "音量。 請注意，你需要 "去增加"。

you need to "de-CREASE" the volume. That's  the verb, I want you to do something.  

你需要 "去增加 "的音量。這是動詞，我要你做一些事情。

So, "DE-crease", a decrease means a change when  something has gone from something higher and  

所以，"DE-crease"，decrease的意思是指當某件事情從更高的東西和

has gone to something lower. And to "de-CREASE"  something is to actually bring it down. It's the  

已經到了更低的東西。而 "去掉 "某樣東西，實際上就是把它降下來。這就是

movement of bringing it down. Cool? Great. Now, I know you might say, "Well, I know these  

把它帶下來的動作。酷嗎？很棒現在，我知道你可能會說，"好吧，我知道這些... ...

vocabulary", but the emphasis today is not about  what the vocabulary is. Some of you don't know all  

詞彙"，但今天強調的不是詞彙是什麼。你們有些人不知道所有的

of these words. It's how to notice the difference  between them when it's a noun and a verb, to  

的這些詞。就是如何注意它們之間的區別，當它是名詞和動詞時，要

make it much more informative to you. Informative  means you can understand it. Alright? We want you  

讓你更有信息量。豐富的資訊意味著你可以理解它。明白了嗎？我們希望你

to get better at understanding our language. The  highest test you can have for language is speaking  

來更好的理解我們的語言。你對語言的最高考驗就是說

and listening. Simply because they happen  instantaneously, and if you make a mistake  

和傾聽。只是因為它們是瞬間發生的，如果你犯了錯誤

when you speak, you can't take it back. And if you  don't get what someone's saying right away, you  

當你說話的時候，你不能把它收回來。如果你不明白什麼人的 說的時候，你... ...

will make mistakes. Okay? So, let's move on. So, we did increase and decrease,  

會犯錯誤。好嗎？所以，我們繼續前進。所以，我們做了增加和減少。

and we talked about - and I can say we  have to - here's a real world example,  

我們談到--我可以說我們必須--這是一個真實的例子。

decrease our labor force, or decrease the  number of workers we have working for us.  

減少我們的勞動力，或減少為我們工作的工人數量；

Yeah. Not something you want to do if  you have a company, but it happens.  

是啊，如果你有公司的話，這不是你想做的事，但它發生了。如果你有公司的話，這不是你想做的事，但它發生了。

But here's something companies love to  do. They'll say "There was an increase,  

但是，公司最喜歡做的事情是這樣的。他們會說："有一個增長。

there was an increase in the number of sales this  week." Yes! More money, right? Yeah? And we have  

本週的銷售數量有所增長。"是啊！更多的錢，對不對？是嗎？而我們有

to "in-CREASE" the price. You know companies  love to increase the price. Notice I said we  

以 "in-CREASE "價格。你知道公司喜歡漲價。注意我說我們

have to "in-CREASE" the price, emphasis on the  back. And there was an "IN-crease" in sales.  

不得不 "in-crease "價格，強調後面。而在銷量上卻出現了 "in-crease"。

Okay? Let's do refill.  

好嗎？讓我們做補充。

Now, I've gained a little bit of weight. I'm sure  you all have. You know, when you sit at home, when  

現在，我已經獲得了一點點的重量。我相信你們都有。你知道，當你坐在家裡，當...

you go to a place that a lot of people frequent,  McDonald's? Yes, I said McDonald's, so pay me!  

你去了一個很多人經常去的地方，麥當勞？是的，我說了麥當勞，所以給我錢!

They never pay me, never. But in America  and Canada, especially in the United States,  

他們從不給我錢，從不。但在美國和加拿大，尤其是在美國。

you can get "RE-fills". I didn't say "refills",  I said "RE-fills". And they walk up proudly.  

你可以得到 "再填充"。我沒有說 "續杯"，我說 "續杯"。他們驕傲地走了起來。

See, in your country, you're going to  walk up with a cup this big and go,  

你看，在你的國家，你要拿著這麼大的杯子走上去，走。

"Can I get a refill, please?" This. In America,  they go, "Can I get a RE-fill?" Haha, this is  

"請給我續杯，好嗎？"這個。在美國，他們會說："請問能不能給我續杯？"哈哈，這是

the small!" Okay, clearly not small. But I joked  with you, but we can say, "Fill us for a RE-fill."  

的小！"好吧，明明不小。但我跟你開玩笑，但我們可以說："給我們填個RE-fill。"

The emphasis is that I want you to put liquid  back in, because "fill" means to put to the top.  

強調的是，我要你把液體放回去，因為 "裝 "就是放上去的意思。

RE-fill it, okay? But if I am - if I will do  a refill for you, I will refill it for you,  

再加滿，好嗎？但是，如果我--如果我願意為你續杯，我就為你續杯。

I will "re-FILL". I will put more of an  emphasis on the last part. I'll "re-FILL" it,  

我將 "重新填寫"。我會把更多的重點放在最後一部分。我會 "重填 "的。

I'll "re-FILL" it, "re-FILL" it, not "RE-fill" it,  I'll "re-FILL" it. While here, "I want a RE-fill,  

我要 "再填"，"再填"，不是 "再填"，我要 "再填"。在這裡的時候，"我要再填"。

please". So, when it's this, "RE-fill". Oh sorry, I have to go back for a second.  

請"。所以，當是這樣的時候，"再填"。哦，對不起，我得回去一下。

I forgot - and I did decrease. Increase, "in"  means to add on, so you go from one level and  

我忘了--我確實減少了。增加，"在 "的意思是增加，所以你從一個級別和

then "crease" is the change. And to increase  something is that movement of change. Similar  

那麼 "摺痕 "就是變化。而增加某種東西，就是這種變化的運動。類似

to what we discussed with "decrease". Sorry, I  make mistakes. I'm only human, okay? Okay.  

到我們討論的 "減少"。對不起，我犯了錯誤。我也是人，好嗎？好吧 Okay.

So, when we refill, we want to put something  back. It can be a liquid, it can be a product.  

所以，當我們再裝的時候，我們要把東西放回去。可以是液體，可以是產品。

You need to refill the shelves. "re-FILL" the  shelves. It means if there were books or apples  

你需要重新填充貨架。"重新填滿 "書架。就是說如果有書或者蘋果

and they're empty, you now need to  put more back. Cool? Alright.  

而他們是空的，你現在需要把更多的回。酷嗎？好了，好了

I'm going to wait a second. I want you to  try to figure out how you would say this  

我要等一下我要你試著想一想你會怎麼說這個

and how you would say that. Remember the  rule, if it's a noun, you emphasize what?  

以及你會怎麼說。記住這個規則，如果是名詞，你強調什麼？

And if it's a verb, you emphasize  what? Okay. So, now you've said it,  

如果是動詞，你要強調什麼？好了，現在你已經說了。

I hope you've said it at least twice out  loud. Listen carefully to how I pronounce it.  

我希望你至少大聲說兩遍。仔細聽我的發音。

You need a "PER-mit" to work here. You need a  "PER-mit" to work here. I cannot "per-MIT" you to  

你需要一個 "PER-mit "在這裡工作。你需要一個 "PER-MIT "在這裡工作。我不能讓你 "每-MIT "在這裡工作

be here. I cannot "per-MIT" you to be here. Notice  the difference? I emphasized "PER-mit" here,  

在這裡。我不能讓你在這裡 "打麻將"。注意到區別了嗎？我在這裡強調了 "per -mit"。

which is a piece of paper giving you authority to  do something. It can be a permit to drive a car,  

這是一紙授權你做某事的文件。它可以是一個許可證 駕駛一輛汽車。

for instance, your license is a permit. But to  permit you, and I put the emphasis on the end,  

比如說，你的執照就是一種許可。但是，允許你，我把重點放在最後。

is to allow you to do something. So, the permit  is the paper. You have a permit to be here?  

是允許你做某事。所以，許可證就是那張紙。你有一個許可證在這裡？

Show me the paper. I cannot permit you; I  cannot allow you. Or you are permitted to  

給我看文件。我不能允許你，我不能允許你。或者允許你...

be here. I added -ed to give you a little  bit of a difference, but you're allowed to  

在這裡。我加了 "ed "是為了讓你有一點區別，但你可以...

be here. But I cannot "per-MIT" you, and do you  have a "PER-mit"? Told you, it's not easy.  

在這裡。但我不能 "per-mit "你，你有 "per-mit "嗎？告訴你，這不容易。

So, how about we try another one where you can  try and see what the pronunciation will be, okay?  

所以，我們再試一個怎麼樣，你可以試試，看看會有什麼發音，好嗎？

And this is the one Mr. E did, and you  can see if you're better than E. Ready?  

而這個是E先生做的，你可以看看你是不是比E好，準備好了嗎？

Now, this time, I'm going to be a little  bit tricky, because I'm going to say them,  

現在，這一次，我要耍點小聰明瞭，因為我要說他們。

and I want to see if you can guess which one is  which. Are you ready? So, we have to "re-JECT"  

我想看看你能不能猜到哪個是哪個。你準備好了嗎？所以，我們要 "重新選擇"

your offer. Sorry, we have to "re-JECT"  your offer. We have to "re-JECT" your offer.  

你的報價。對不起，我們必須 "重新 - JECT "你的報價。我們必須 "重新 -JECT "你的報價。

That is a "RE-ject". That is a "RE-ject". Which  one was the noun, and which one was the verb?  

這是一個 "RE-ject"。這是一個 "RE -ject"。哪個是名詞，哪個是動詞？

If you say the second one was the noun, you're  correct, because that was a "RE-ject".  

如果你說第二個是名詞，那就對了，因為那是 "RE-ject"。

There's another way to help you, by the way, in  case, you've probably figured out grammatically.  

對了，還有一個方法可以幫助你，萬一，你大概已經在文法上想明白了呢。

If it was on paper, it's easy to see. If you  see an article before any of these words,  

如果是在紙上，很容易看到。如果你在這些字之前看到一篇文章。

it's a noun. A, or the, or an. You won't  see one here. You may see the infinitive,  

這是一個名詞。A，或the，或an。你不會在這裡看到一個。你可能會看到不定式。

to refund, to decrease, to increase, to  refill, to permit, to reject, to insult. Okay?  

退款，減少，增加，補充，允許，拒絕，侮辱。好嗎？

That's the easy way of doing it. But you really  want to work on the listening part of it. That's  

這是簡單的方法。但你真的要在聽的部分下功夫。這就是

what this is more about. We're getting into fine  details to try and get your ear to work better  

這是更多的內容。我們正在進入細枝末節，試圖讓你的耳朵更好地工作。

to be able to pick up English. Because once  you can fix it one area, how well you listen,  

要能把英語學好。因為一旦你能解決一個方面的問題，你的聽力有多好。

you can hear it in other areas, okay? Cool. So, if you said "RE-ject" was for a noun,  

你可以聽到它在其他地區，好嗎？爽啊所以，如果你說 "RE -ject "是一個名詞，

congratulations, you got it right.  And if you went to "re-JECT",  

恭喜你，你做對了。 如果你去了 "重審"。

for the verb, correct. If you  didn't get it right, that's okay.  

為動詞，正確。如果你沒做對，也沒關係。

Because you know we have a quiz coming up and  we're going to work on this again. Alright.  

因為你知道，我們有一個測驗來了，我們要工作在這再次。好吧，我知道了

So, last one, because I want to move on to our  quiz, I'm going to help you with this one. So,  

所以，最後一個，因為我想繼續我們的測驗，我將幫助你與這一個。所以。

this is "IN-sult", "IN-sult",  instead of "in-SULT", "in-SULT".  

這是 "IN-sult"、"IN-sult"，而不是 "in-SULT"、"in-SULT"。

"IN-sult", you put the emphasis - and if you think  about what the word is - Oh sorry, did we forget  

"IN-sult"，你把重點--如果你想想這個詞是什麼--哦，對不起，我們忘了。

the "reject" thing? I must be a reject! That's the  second time I've done this in one lesson! Okay.  

"拒絕 "的事情？我一定是個拒絕者！這是我第二次在一節課上這樣做！好吧，我知道了

I explained what a permit was, as being a  piece of paper you have and to allow you,  

我解釋了什麼是許可證，因為是你的一張紙，讓你。

but to reject something is to say no. Actually,  this end part here, "ject" comes from "to throw  

但拒絕某件事情就是說不。其實，這裡的這個結尾部分，"ject "來自於 "扔"。

out". So, when you reject something, you throw it  back. You say no, I don't want it. It's a reject.  

出"。所以，當你拒絕一些東西的時候，你就把它扔回去。你說不，我不想要它。這是一個拒絕。

And when you reject in this case, you just say  no. So, a reject is something that's not any good.  

而在這種情況下，當你拒絕的時候，你只是說不。所以，拒絕是沒有任何好處的事情。

You don't want or need, and to reject something  is to say no. So, in both cases, they're  

你不想要，也不需要，拒絕某件事情就是說不。所以，在這兩種情況下，他們是

both negative. You don't like something. And insult, if you don't know what it is, it's  

都是負面的。你不喜歡的東西。而侮辱，如果你不知道它是什麼，那就是

when you say to something - something to someone  that could be rude about them, their family, their  

當你說的東西 - 東西給別人，可能是粗魯的他們，他們的家庭，他們的。

country. It's to say you don't like something  in a not nice way. So, it's an insult, right?  

國家。就是說你不喜歡的東西，用一種不好的方式。所以，這是一種侮辱，對不對？

So, to "IN-sult" someone, you can almost feel that  emphasis like, "That was an IN-sult!" You really  

所以，要 "IN-sult "一個人，你幾乎可以感覺到那種強調，比如 "那是一個IN-sult！"你真的

said something I didn't like. Okay? And you can  - you don't have to "in-SULT" anybody. You don't  

說了一些我不喜歡的話好嗎？ 你可以...你可以... 你不必 "侮辱 "任何人。你不

have to say something rude. So, I've used two  to help you - let you know that it's - sorry,  

不得不說些不禮貌的話。所以，我用了兩個來幫助你--讓你知道，這是--對不起。

the infinitive, insult anyone, okay? Cool. So, we've got the noun, we've got the verb. To  

不定式， 侮辱任何人，好嗎？好的所以，我們已經得到了名詞，我們已經得到了動詞。To

make it easy, I put all the verbs  in black, all the nouns in red.  

為了方便起見，我把所有的動詞都寫成黑色，所有的名詞都寫成紅色。

Our simple rule about going forward when we're  listening to this is that you should put the  

我們在聽這個的時候，關於前進的簡單規則是，你應該把這個。

emphasis on the beginning of the word for the  nouns. And for the verbs, you put the emphasis  

對於名詞來說，強調的是單詞的開頭。而對於動詞，你把重點

on the vowel sounds at the ends of the words. So,  if you've ever been confused when somebody said,  

詞尾的元音。所以，如果你曾經被困惑 當有人說，

"You need to refund this, and I have a refund."  And you're like "Eh, I kind of understand but  

"你需要退還這個，我有一個退款。" 而你就像 "誒，我有點明白了，但。

I'm confused"? Now you know the big secret is  to, when you're speaking, ask them to repeat  

我糊塗了"？現在你知道最大的祕密是，當你說話的時候，請他們重複一遍

and listen to the stress. Cool? Alright. So, we've got that down, but they're - you  

並聽從壓力。酷嗎？好吧，所以我們已經得到了下來，所以，我們已經得到了下來，但他們 - 你。

know me. I always say there's  knowing - or do I always say that? I  

瞭解我。我總是說有知道--還是我總是這樣說？I

try to remember to say there's a difference  between knowing and understand. Now, I taught  

儘量記住說知道和理解是有區別的。現在，我教

you the lesson so I know you know it, but do you  understand it? Let's do a test and find out.  

你的教訓，所以我知道你知道，但你明白嗎？我們來做個測試，就知道了。

And we're back. I always think it's important to  know the why, what, and how of doing something in  

我們又回來了。我一直認為，重要的是要知道為什麼，做什麼，以及如何做一件事，在

a lesson. And it may have escaped me from doing  it at the beginning, so let me fix that now.