Name: 德國當局調查敘利亞化學戰｜DW新聞網 (German authorities investigate Syria’s chemical warfare | DW News)
Uploaded: 2020-11-29T18:46:00.000Z
Duration: 8 min 56 s

a group of human rights organizations have filed criminal complaints here in Germany for two chemical weapons attacks carried out in Syria in 2013 and 2017.

一群人權組織在德國這裡對2013年和2017年在敘利亞進行的兩次化學武器襲擊提出了刑事申訴。

基礎被動語態

Some estimates suggest more than 1000 people were killed in one of the attacks in the Damascus suburb of Eastern Ghouta to avert military intervention in 2013 by the U.

有估計稱，2013年為避免美國軍事幹預，在大馬士革郊區東古塔發生的一次襲擊中，有1000多人被殺。

The regime of Bashar al Assad committed to destroying its chemical weapons.

巴沙爾-阿薩德政權承諾銷燬其化學武器。

However, investigators say the Syrian military has continued to use outlawed weapons such as sarin gas against its own population.

然而，調查人員表示，敘利亞軍方繼續對本國民眾使用沙林毒氣等非法武器。

Human rights groups have identified the use of nerve gas in more than 200 instances over the past seven years.

人權團體已查明過去7年中有200多起使用神經毒氣的事件。

Now the hope is that the courts in Germany can deliver justice for the victims.

現在希望德國的法院能夠為受害者伸張正義。

DW reporters were given exclusive access to documents and witnesses who formed part of the complaint filed with the country's federal prosecutor.

DW記者被允許獨家接觸構成向該國聯邦檢察官提出的申訴的一部分的文件和證人。

The screams of victims who died in the sarin gas attack in Ghouta to this day still echo in the ears off Syrian nurse, a man she wants nothing mawr than Syrian President Bashar Assad and the perpetrators off the attack to be charged She and her husband, Mohammad, are witnesses off a criminal complaint filed in Germany by human rights groups.

在古塔沙林毒氣襲擊中死亡的受害者的尖叫聲至今仍迴盪在敘利亞護士的耳邊，她什麼也不想，比敘利亞總統巴沙爾-阿薩德和肇事者關閉的攻擊被指控她和她的丈夫，穆罕默德，是證人關閉在德國提出的刑事申訴的人權組織。

They wish to remain anonymous because they fear for their family safety e fear for my mother and my sisters, who are still living in Syria because the regime is cruel and unjust.

他們希望保持匿名，因為他們擔心家人的安全，擔心我的母親和我的姐妹，他們仍然生活在敘利亞，因為這個政權是殘酷和不公正的。

If it had a conscience, they wouldn't have done these things.

如果它有良心，他們就不會做這些事情。

On August 21st, 2013, at least four rockets loaded with sarin gas warheads struck rebel held parts off eastern Ghouta.

2013年8月21日，至少有四枚裝有沙林毒氣彈頭的火箭彈擊中了東姑塔附近的叛軍控制區。

More than 1000 people were killed, many off them Children.

超過1000人被殺，其中許多是兒童。

They too were exposed to sarin and we're unconscious for days.

他們也被暴露在沙林毒氣中，我們昏迷了好幾天。

To this day, the Syrian regime denies any responsibility for the attack.

時至今日，敘利亞政權仍否認對此次襲擊負有任何責任。

E hope that one day I can stand before a judge and tell them what this chemical attack did to us.

我希望有一天我能站在法官面前，告訴他們這次化學攻擊對我們的影響。

It was a terrible scene that I cannot describe to you.

那是一個可怕的場景，我無法向你描述。

People were lying on the ground like ants being killed by bug spray.

人們像螞蟻一樣躺在地上被噴蟲劑殺死。

這些畫面從未離開過我的腦海。

Hardy Al Khatib is convinced that the Syrian regime was behind the attack.

哈迪-哈提卜堅信，敘利亞政權是這次襲擊的幕後黑手。

For years, his organization the Syrian archive, along with two other human rights groups, have meticulously analyzed the attack from the suspected launch sites toe the rockets used.

多年來，他的組織 "敘利亞檔案館 "與其他兩個人權團體一起，對從疑似發射地點到所使用的火箭的襲擊進行了細緻的分析。

They have also documented undisclosed chemical weapons facilities, including where sarin was hidden after 2013.

他們還記錄了未披露的化學武器設施，包括2013年後沙林的藏匿地點。

We think from our investigation that most probably branch for 150 a network off different entities that are responsible for the coordination on the execution off these attacks.

我們認為，從我們的調查，很可能分支150一個網絡關閉不同的實體，負責協調執行關閉這些攻擊。

The W's investigative team, along with German newsmagazine Dash Bigger, was given exclusive access to parts off the criminal complaint.

W公司的調查團隊，以及德國新聞雜誌《Dash Bigger》獨家獲得了刑事申訴書的部分內容。

It includes testimonies from 50 defectors with firsthand knowledge off the chemical weapons program and named suspected perpetrators such as Bashar Assad and his younger brother, Mahir.

其中包括50名叛逃者的證詞，他們對化學武器項目有第一手的瞭解，並指認了巴沙爾-阿薩德和他的弟弟馬希爾等犯罪嫌疑人。

We have one witness who has described that the request for the use of sarin gas comes from Maharaja Assad and then is communicated to the presidential palace where it is approved.

我們有一名目擊者，他描述說，使用沙林毒氣的請求來自阿薩德大君，然後傳達給總統府，在那裡得到準許。

We believe it is approved or ordered by Bashar al Assad.

我們認為這是巴沙爾-阿薩德準許或下令的。

The criminal complaint was filed in October with the chief federal prosecutor and cultural, where war crimes unit has been investigating atrocities in Syria for years.

10月向聯邦首席檢察官和文化，戰爭罪組織、部門多年來一直在調查敘利亞的暴行，提出刑事申訴。

Federal prosecutors here in Germany confirmed to us that a criminal complaint was fired, but they would not comment on its contents.

德國這裡的聯邦檢察官向我們證實，已經發出了刑事申訴，但他們不願意對申訴的內容發表評論。

Instead, they said they would independently probe the evidence before deciding whether to open a case against individual suspects.

相反，他們表示，在決定是否對個別嫌疑人立案之前，他們會獨立調查證據。

She suffers from depression and needs medication to make it through the day.

她患有抑鬱症，需要藥物治療才能度過一天。

But the investigation in Germany has given her strength and hope that the people responsible for all the suffering will finally be held to account.

但德國的調查給了她力量，也給了她希望，讓所有痛苦的責任人最終被追究。

Joining me now is Birgitta Shoko, one of the D.

現在和我一起的是Birgitta Shoko, D. 之一。

W's investigative reporters who filed this report.

W的調查記者，他們提交了這份報告。

Birgitta, What are the chances that this complaint actually turns into an indictment of President Assad?

Birgitta 這起投訴有多大可能會變成對阿薩德總統的起訴？

We understand that the federal prosecutor's office is taking this criminal complaint very seriously, and in fact it's a really comprehensive documentation.

據我們瞭解，聯邦檢察官辦公室對這個刑事申訴非常重視，其實這是一個非常全面的文件。

Off the attacks was a lot of evidence and also names off possible perpetrators.

襲擊事件有很多證據，也有可能的肇事者的名字。

I think the strongest evidence are the defectors testimonies, which described the chain of command, and they also suggest that even Bashar Assad knew about this attack and that could lead to an indictment under international law.

我認為最有力的證據是叛逃者的證詞，其中描述了指揮系統，他們還表明，甚至巴沙爾-阿薩德也知道這次襲擊，這可能導致根據國際法進行起訴。

But we have to remember that Assad is still an acting head of state and that it's clear that it will take a long time until such indictment could happen.

但我們必須記住，阿薩德仍然是一個代理國家元首，很明顯，這種起訴可能需要很長時間才能發生。

He has a lot off very strong allies like Russia and China.

他有很多非常強大的盟友，比如俄羅斯和中國。

So I think to this day he in a way enjoys immunity for now.

所以我認為到今天，他在某種程度上暫時享有豁免權。

You know, there are three human rights organizations that are behind this complaint.

你知道，有三個人權組織在背後支持這個投訴。

Why did they choose Germany to press the charges?

Given the history off Germany with the Nazi regime and the Nuremberg trials, Germany has bean supporting the prosecution off international crimes like genocide, like war crimes crimes against humanity for a very long time.

鑑於德國與納粹政權和紐倫堡審判的歷史，德國長期以來一直支持起訴國際罪行，如種族滅絕罪、戰爭罪和危害人類罪。

And it has enacted the so called principal off universal jurisdiction.

它還頒佈了所謂的普遍管轄權原則。

And this principle means that Germany can prosecute, uh, such crimes, international crimes, regardless, whether we're committed our against whom and this obviously applies to Syria, you have seen many hours.

這個原則意味著德國可以起訴，呃，這樣的罪行，國際罪行，無論，我們是否對誰犯下，這顯然適用於敘利亞，你已經看到了許多小時。

I'm sure of many multiple videos of that terrible night in 2013 in ghouta, plus additional documentation as well.

我確信2013年在姑塔的那個可怕的夜晚有很多多段視頻，還有其他文件。

Is there any chance that these crimes were committed by anyone outside of this regime or other than this regime?

這些罪行是否有可能是本政權以外的人或本政權以外的人所為？

Because all evidence really point in the direction off the Assad regime, starting with the rockets which were used in that attack, and the launch sites, which were, uh, in fact close to the presidential palace.

因為所有的證據都指向了阿薩德政權的方向，從那次襲擊中使用的火箭開始，還有發射地點，其實就在總統府附近。

And even more important, the chemicals which were used sarin is very, very difficult to produce and even more difficult to use as a weapon.

而且更重要的是，使用的化學品沙林是非常，非常難以生產，甚至更難以作為武器使用。

And there had been no indication that the rebels would have had the capacity nor the access to such a chemicals.

而且沒有任何跡象表明叛軍有能力或有機會獲得這種化學品。

You met survivors Peyman and Mohamed, who, of course, lost their eldest son in the ghouta attack.

你見到了倖存者Peyman和Mohamed，當然，他們在Ghouta襲擊中失去了長子。

A man is heavily traumatized, and as we told him the report she still needs medication.

一個男人受到了很大的創傷，我們告訴他報告她還需要藥物治療。

But on the day when visited her, she told me that she hadn't taken her medication because she said she wanted to be clear in her head when she was talking with us about thes thes atrocities.

但那天去探望她的時候，她告訴我，她沒有吃藥，因為她說她想在和我們談論這些暴行的時候，腦子裡清楚。

And I think she and her husband more med.

They are keen, uh, and committed to, in their wish, to do their bit to help us had regime responsible.

他們熱衷於，呃，並致力於，在他們的願望，儘自己的努力，以幫助我們的政權負責。

And for them, every small step in direction to justice is an important one and this criminal complaint is definitely one of them.

而對於他們來說，走向正義的每一小步都是重要的一步，這次刑事申訴絕對是其中之一。

 W investigative unit really appreciate that very powerful report. 

W調查組織、部門真的很感謝那份非常有力的報告。