Name: 最新的疫苗 "改變遊戲規則"，每劑僅3英鎊 - BBC News (Latest vaccine "a game changer" at just £3 per dose - BBC News)
Uploaded: 2020-11-24T18:30:27.000Z
Duration: 6 min 37 s

a vaccine developed by scientists at Oxford is set to transform the battle against Corona virus across the globe.

牛津大學科學家開發的一種疫苗將改變全球範圍內對電暈病毒的鬥爭。

In trials, the vaccine proved highly efficient at stopping people developing symptoms Off Cove in 19, the results suggest 70% protection, but by adjusting the dose, the protection could rise to as high as 90% on while other vaccines have reported higher protection.

在試驗中，疫苗被證明在阻止人們發展症狀關灣在19，結果表明70％的保護，但通過調整劑量，保護可以上升到高達90％上，而其他疫苗已報告更高的保護。

The great advantage of the Oxford one is that it's cheaper.

It's far easier to store on, thus easier to deliver around the world now, during the day, the prime minister described the results is incredibly exciting, but urged caution in the meantime as he outlined the restrictions for England after the current lock down ends on the second of December.

它更容易存儲在上，是以現在更容易在世界各地交付，白天，總理描述了結果是令人難以置信的令人興奮，但同時敦促謹慎行事，因為他概述了在12月2日當前鎖定結束後對英格蘭的限制。

We'll have more on that in just a moment.

我們將有更多的關於這一點，在短短的時間。

First, our medical editor, Fergus Walsh, reports on the Oxford vaccine.

首先，我們的醫學編輯Fergus Walsh報道牛津疫苗的情況。

For the first time since this wretched virus took hold, we can see a route out of the pandemic.

自從這種可惡的病毒發作以來，我們第一次可以看到一條擺脫疫情的路線。

It's the third goal in the back of the net.

Now Oxford has created a vaccine not just for Britain but for the world, the scientists involved say.

有關科學家說，現在牛津大學不僅為英國，而且為世界創造了一種疫苗。

It brings us closer to a return to normal life.

它讓我們離迴歸正常生活更近了。

I can definitely see a future beyond the pandemic.

我絕對能看到大流行之外的未來。

I think that we will be able to roll out vaccines in the first half of next year and have a big impact here in the UK But for humanity we have to be able to distribute all around the world, and that's going to take a bit longer.

我認為，我們將能夠在明年上半年推出疫苗，並在英國這裡產生巨大影響，但對於人類來說，我們必須能夠在世界各地分發，這將需要更長的時間。

In less than a year, scientists here have created a brand new vaccine and run large scale trials.

在不到一年的時間裡，這裡的科學家們創造了一種全新的疫苗，並進行了大規模的試驗。

現在，終於，他們知道它的工作。

There were more than 20,000 volunteers on the trial in the UK and Brazil.

在英國和巴西，有超過2萬名志願者參與試驗。

Overall, two doses of the vaccine were around 70% effective in preventing Cove in 19.

總的來說，兩劑疫苗對預防19歲的柯維有70%左右的效果。

But among volunteers who got a half dose followed by a full one, effectiveness rose to 90%.

但在得到半劑量後又得到全劑量的志願者中，有效性上升到90%。

Importantly, there were no cases of serious co vid disease among those who got the vaccine.

重要的是，在接種疫苗的人中，沒有出現嚴重的併發症。

Three UK has preordered enough doses to immunize 50 million people in the UK Theo elderly in care homes would be first in line, then the over eighties and frontline health workers, along with Pfizer and Madonna.

英國三家公司已經預購了足夠的劑量，以免疫英國5000萬人西奧老人在護理院的老人將是第一個，然後是80歲以上的老人和一線衛生工作者，以及輝瑞和麥當娜。

It means there are now three co vid vaccines, which could be approved next month.

這意味著現在有三種co vid疫苗，可能會在下個月被準許。

Like the Pfizer and Madonna vaccines, the key to the Oxford Jab is that spike protein, which sits on the surface of coronavirus scientists have taken the gene for this protein on put it into a virus that causes the common cold in chimpanzees.

就像輝瑞和麥當娜疫苗一樣，牛津 Jab 的關鍵是那個尖峰蛋白，它位於冠狀病毒的表面科學家們把這種蛋白的基因放到了導致黑猩猩普通感冒的病毒中。

The virus has been modified and disabled so it can't cause disease in humans.

該病毒已經被修改和禁用，所以它不能在人類中引起疾病。

Once in the body, the vaccine instructs cells to make the coronavirus spike protein.

一旦進入體內，疫苗就會訓示細胞製造冠狀病毒穗蛋白。

This prompts the immune system to create Y-shaped antibodies. In the event of future exposure,

這讓免疫系統製造出 Y 形的抗體。在未來暴露在病毒中時，

these should latch onto coronavirus on prevent infection on it stimulates T cells, another part of the immune system.

這些應該閂上冠狀病毒上防止感染它刺激T細胞，免疫系統的另一部分。

These should destroy cells that have become infected.

This is a really important day for scientists here in Oxford on for the fight against coronavirus.

今天對牛津大學的科學家們來說是非常重要的一天，是對抗冠狀病毒的重要日子。

Data is still being analyzed, but their vaccine appears to prevent serious illness with co vid on most infections.

數據仍在分析中，但他們的疫苗似乎可以防止嚴重的疾病與大多數感染的co vid。

Now that could have a major impact on the pandemic here in the UK on worldwide.

現在，這可能會對英國這裡的流行病產生重大影響，在全球範圍內。

Although the vaccine was created in record time, Oxford says no shortcuts have Bean taken with safety on side effects have been mostly mild.

雖然疫苗是在創紀錄的時間內創建的，牛津大學說，沒有捷徑有豆採取與安全的副作用已大多是溫和的。

Edward was one of the very first volunteers.

It's pretty amazing how fast everything is, but really, how careful and considered everything is being done.

一切都是那麼的快，但是真的，一切都做的那麼仔細，考慮的那麼周全，這是很驚人的。

And so it's really exciting to see the results.

AstraZeneca Oxfords, commercial partner has pledged never to make a profit from the vaccine in poorer countries on their jab is far cheaper, easier to store and transport around the world than others.

阿斯利康牛津，商業夥伴已經承諾永遠不會從貧困國家的疫苗中獲利，他們的注射劑遠比其他人便宜，更容易儲存和在世界各地運輸。

The supply chain that we put in place for next year will give us a capacity of up to three billion doses, which will include not just the developed world but many regions of developing world as well.

我們明年建立的供應鏈將使我們的產能達到30億劑，這不僅包括髮達國家，也包括開發中國家的許多地區。

Because this vaccine is just refrigerated, it makes it much easier to distribute and administer.

因為這種疫苗只是冷藏，所以在配送和管理上就方便多了。

But don't underestimate the hurdles ahead.

Immunizing the UK, let alone the world, will be a huge undertaking.

為英國免疫，更不用說全世界了，這將是一項巨大的工程。

Drive through centers like this one in Greater Manchester currently providing flu jabs, are likely to be used for covert vaccines.

像目前在大曼徹斯特的這個提供流感疫苗注射的駕車通過中心，很可能被用於祕密疫苗。

And even if a million adults a week are immunized, it'll be months before these vials helped clear a path through the pandemic on Fergus is back from Oxford on with me down the studio.

即使每週有一百萬成年人接受免疫接種，也需要幾個月的時間，這些小瓶才會幫助掃清一條道路，通過弗格斯從牛津大學回來，和我一起到工作室。

This is the third vaccine we've been discussing.

這是我們一直在討論的第三種疫苗。

Understanding of this one Fergus question for lots of people at home is when you know when will we see the vaccine?

理解這一個弗格斯的問題，很多人在家的時候，你知道我們什麼時候能看到疫苗？

When will people actually be treated with it?

什麼時候人們才能真正接受它的治療呢？

This astonishing here that we now have three vaccines that can prevent serious covert infection.

這裡令人驚訝的是，我們現在有三種疫苗，可以預防嚴重的隱性感染。

It's going to take a week or two for AstraZeneca to get their paperwork together on submitted to regulators.

阿斯利康要花一兩個星期的時間，才能把他們的文書工作提交給監管機構。

We might see the first vaccines being approved early in December, and we might see some immunization before the end of the year.

我們可能會在12月初看到第一批疫苗被準許，我們可能會在年底前看到一些免疫接種。

But the vast majority is going to be done in 2021.

The prime minister says he'd like the vast majority of vulnerable people to be in immunized by Easter in early April.

首相表示，他希望絕大多數弱勢人群在4月初的復活節前進行免疫接種。

Add to that all the frontline healthcare workers.

So the younger you are, the longer you're gonna have to wait.

所以你越年輕，你就得等得越久。

If you're under 50 you might have to wait till the summer.

如果你在50歲以下，你可能要等到夏天。

We do need adults to take up the offer of vaccination.

我們確實需要成年人接受接種疫苗的建議。

We need maybe 60 or 70% of adults to be immunized to curb the spread of the virus.

我們需要大概60或70%的成年人進行免疫接種，以遏制病毒的傳播。

Now, we don't know how long protection will last.

現在，我們不知道保護會持續多久。

At some point, we may need booster doses.

在某些時候，我們可能需要加強劑量。

So we shouldn't expect the vaccine to change our lives this winter.

所以我們不要指望疫苗能改變我們這個冬天的生活。

But thanks to science, the path out of this pandemic is looking ever clear.

但由於科學的發展，擺脫這種流行病的道路看起來越來越清晰。