BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

BBC學習英語。我是尼爾。

And I'm Georgina.

我是喬治娜

Are you good at remembering your

你是否善於記住你的

computer passwords, Georgina?

電腦密碼，喬治娜?

Um, not really Neil – I mostly use something easy to remember,

嗯，不是真的尼爾--我主要用一些容易記住的東西。

like my mother's maiden name or the street where I was born.

比如我母親的孃家姓或者我出生的街道。

Or the name of your first pet!

或者你第一隻寵物的名字!

Yes, me too - but we should be more careful about

是的，我也是--但我們應該更小心的是

online security, Georgina, because of a worrying trend,

網絡安全，喬治娜，因為一個令人擔憂的趨勢。

and the topic of this program - online fraud.

以及本節目的主題--網絡詐騙。

Online fraud involves using the internet to trick

網絡詐騙涉及利用互聯網欺騙

someone into giving away their money or data.

誘使某人提供他們的金錢或數據。

It takes many forms, from deceptive emails which

它的形式多種多樣，從欺騙性的電子郵件到以下內容

trick us into paying money to the wrong bank account,

騙我們把錢打到錯誤的銀行賬戶上。

to the theft of credit card details.

以至於信用卡資料被盜用。

It's regarded by some as a highly profitable and

它被一些人認為是一個高利潤和

relatively low-risk crime, so in this programme we'll be finding

相對低風險的犯罪，所以在這個節目中，我們會發現。

why it's so easy for criminals, or fraudsters,

為什麼犯罪分子，或者說金光黨這麼容易。

to steal our money.

來偷我們的錢。

And of course, we'll be learning some related

當然，我們也會學習一些相關的。

vocabulary along the way.

詞彙量一路走來。

But first, it's time for our quiz question. In July 2020,

但首先，是我們的考題時間。在2020年7月。

nine British men were arrested for defrauding

九名英國男子因詐騙被捕

the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme – a government fund

冠狀病毒留職計劃--政府基金

for workers who've lost their job to Covid-19.

為因科維德-19而失去工作的工人提供服務。

They set up fake companies and applied, fraudulently,

他們成立了假公司，並申請，詐騙。

for money. But how much money has been claimed in total

為錢。但總共被索賠了多少錢

through the coronavirus job scheme in the UK?

通過英國的冠狀病毒工作計劃？

Is it: a) 17 billion pounds

是：a)170億英鎊

b) 27 billion pounds c) 37 billion pounds

b) 270億英鎊 c) 370億英鎊

Hmm, it must be a lot, so I'll say a) 17 billion pounds.

嗯，肯定很多，所以我說a)170億英鎊。

OK, Georgina, we'll find out later.

好吧，喬治娜，我們以後會知道的。

Now, Rachel Tobac, CEO of Social Proof Security, is

現在，社會證明安全公司的首席執行官雷切爾-託巴克是

an expert in cyber crime. She describes herself as

網絡犯罪方面的專家。她稱自己是

an 'ethical fraudster'.

一個'道德金光黨'。

Businesses wanting to combat fraud employ her to hack

企業想打擊欺詐行為，就請她來黑客。

into their computer systems to find their weak spots.

進入他們的計算機系統，找到他們的弱點。

Here, Rachel explains to BBC World Service programme, The Inquiry,

在這裡，瑞秋向BBC世界服務節目《調查》解釋。

how getting people's information is the key to online fraud:

如何獲取人們的資訊是網絡詐騙的關鍵。

The reason why we're able to do that, from an attacker mindset,

我們之所以能夠做到這一點，從攻擊者的心態來看。

is because we use what's called OSINT – open

因為我們使用的是所謂的OSINT--開放的。

source intelligence.

源情報。

We look up everything about you. We can figure out

我們可以查到你的一切。我們可以找出

who your assistant is, who your accountant is on LinkedIn.

你的助理是誰，你的會計在LinkedIn上是誰。

We know what emails you use from screen shots that you've

我們從您的螢幕截圖中知道您使用的電子郵件。

put on your Instagram…

把你的Instagram...

Rachel looks at fraud from a criminal's mindset -

瑞秋從犯罪分子的思維方式看詐騙--------。

someone's way of thinking and the general attitudes

人情世故

and opinions they have about something.

以及他們對某件事情的看法。

From a fraudster's perspective, the most valuable

從欺詐者的角度來看，最有價值的是

thing is intelligence - secret information about a government or

的東西是情報--關於政府或的祕密資訊。

country, or in this case a person, such as the information

國家，或在此情況下，一個人，如資訊。

people unwittingly post on social media.

人在社交媒體上不知不覺地發。

Fraudsters use this intelligence to build up a picture of

詐騙者利用這些情報，建立了一個關於

someone's online activity.

某人的在線活動。

And as BBC World Service The Inquiry presenter, Charmaine

而作為BBC世界臺《調查》欄目的主持人，佘詩曼。

Cozier, explains, there are many ways of doing this:

科茲爾，解釋說，有很多方法可以做到這一點。

Fraudsters have thousands of cover stories but the end goal is

詐騙者有成千上萬的掩飾故事，但最終的目標是。

always the same – to trick people out of cash or possessions.

總是一樣的--騙取別人的現金或財物。

Rachel says they have options for how to do that.

瑞秋說，他們可以選擇如何做到這一點。

Login details stolen during a data breach from one company,

在一家公司的數據洩露事件中，登錄資訊被盜。

often using software or viruses called malware, are used to

往往使用被稱為惡意軟件的軟件或病毒，用於

infiltrate customer accounts at another.  

潛入客戶賬戶在另。

To access people's data, fraudsters use cover stories – false

為了獲取人們的數據，詐騙者利用掩飾性的故事--虛假的

stories told in order to hide the truth.

為了掩蓋真相而講述的故事。

For example, they may pretend to be calling from your bank

例如，他們可能會假裝從你的銀行打來電話。

or credit card company.

或信用卡公司。

If people believe these cover stories and share personal data,

如果人們相信這些封面故事，並分享個人數據。

this can result in a data breach - an occasion when

這可能會導致數據洩露--在以下情況下

private information can be seen by people

人盡皆知

who should not be able to see it.

誰也不應該能看到它。

Malware - computer software and viruses that are designed to

惡意軟件--計算機軟件和病毒，其目的在於

damage the way a computer works – can also be used to gain

破壞計算機的工作方式--也可以用來獲得。

login details and passwords…

登錄資訊和密碼...

…data which is then used to infiltrate other online accounts -

...數據，然後用來滲透到其他在線帳戶 -

secretly enter a place, group or organisation in order

潛入

to spy on it or influence it.

監視它或影響它；

Modern fraudsters are so devious at collecting online

現代詐騙分子在網上搜集資料的手法如此狡猾。

information that many victims only realise what's happened

資訊，許多受害者才意識到發生了什麼。

after their bank accounts have been emptied.

在他們的銀行賬戶被清空後。

Which I guess was the mindset behind those British fraudsters

我想這也是那些英國金光黨的心態吧？

you mentioned earlier, Neil.

你之前提到的，尼爾。

Ah yes, the nine men who tried to defraud the Coronavirus Jobs

啊，對了，那9個試圖詐騙冠狀病毒工作的人。

Retention Scheme.

留用計劃。

Remember for my quiz question I asked you how much

記得我的問答題，我問你多少錢？

the scheme has paid out in total so far in the UK.

到目前為止，該計劃在英國總共支付了。

I said, a) 17 billion pounds. 

我說，a）170億英鎊。

Well, in fact it's even more – the correct answer is

嗯，其實還不止如此，正確答案是

b) 27 billion pounds.

b）270億英鎊。

Luckily, the 495 thousand pounds which these fraudsters

幸運的是，這些金光黨的49.5萬英鎊。

tried to steal was recovered.

試圖偷竊的人被追回。

Even so, Neil, I think I'm going to change my passwords soon!

即使如此，尼爾，我想我很快就會改變我的密碼！

Better safe than sorry!

小心駛得萬年船

Good idea, Georgina.

好主意，喬治娜

In this programme, we've been hearing about the rise in online

在本期節目中，我們一直在聽聞網絡的興起。

fraud, often committed when fraudsters gain intelligence -

詐騙，往往是詐騙者獲得情報後實施的。

secret information about a person posted on the internet.

網上發佈的個人祕密資訊。

These criminals' mindset – or mentality, is to surreptitiously

這些犯罪分子的心態--或者說心態，就是偷偷摸摸的。

find information by creating a cover story - a false story

掩耳盜鈴，以訛傳訛

someone tells in order to hide the truth.

有人為了掩蓋真相而說出來。

By posing as clerks from your bank, for example, they might

例如，通過冒充你的銀行職員，他們可能會。

be able to access sensitive private information which they

能夠訪問他們的敏感私人資訊

should not be able to see – an event

不應看到--一個事件

sometimes called a data breach.

有時稱為數據洩露。

Another way fraudsters infiltrate – or gain access secretly,

詐騙者滲透的另一種方式--或祕密獲取。

without permission - is with the use of malware –

未經允許 - 是與使用惡意軟件 -

computer software and viruses designed to

計算機軟件和病毒，旨在

damage the way a computer works. 

破壞計算機的工作方式。

If you want to find out more about keeping yourself safe

如果你想了解更多關於保護自己安全的資訊，請點擊這裡

from online fraud, search the BBC website using the term,

免受網絡詐騙的影響，在BBC網站上搜索""一詞。

'cyber security'.

'網絡安全'。

And if you like topical discussion and want to learn how to use

如果你喜歡話題討論，想學習如何使用

the vocabulary found in headlines, why not check out

在標題中發現的詞彙，為什麼不檢查出。

our News Review podcast?

我們的新聞評論播客？

We also have a free app you can download for Android and iOS.

我們也有一個免費的應用程序，你可以下載Android和iOS。

And for more trending topics and real-life vocabulary,

而對於更多的熱門話題和現實生活中的詞彙。

look no further than 6 Minute English,

不妨看看6分鐘英語。

from BBC Learning English. See you next time. Bye!

來自BBC學習英語。下次再見。掰掰

Goodbye!

再見！