The One Where Rachel Quits Her Job to study English.

瑞秋辭去工作學習英語的那一部。

Last week, she had a job interview.

上週，她有一個工作面試。

Now in this episode, she's gotten the job and it's her last day working at the coffee shop.

現在這一集，她得到了這份工作，這是她在咖啡店工作的最後一天。

We're going to study this scene and everything we can about American English pronunciation

我們要研究這個場景和一切關於美式英語發音的問題。

to figure out what makes American English sound American.

來弄清楚是什麼讓美式英語聽起來像美國人。

Here's the scene.

這裡是現場。

There you go. Enjoy.

你去那裡。享受。

>> Should I tell her I ordered tea? >> No.

>> 我應該告訴她我點了茶嗎？>> 不。

Excuse me, everyone.

對不起，各位。

Uh, this is my last night working here.

呃，這是我在這裡工作的最後一晚。

And, uh, I just wanted to say that I made some really good friends here.

我只想說，我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

And, uh, it's just time to move on.

而且，呃，它只是時間繼續前進。

As of this moment, I will never have to make coffee again.

從這一刻起，我再也不用泡咖啡了。

And now let's do the analysis together.

現在我們一起分析一下。

There you go.

這就對了

Okay our first thought group here is three words long.

好的，我們這裡的第一個思想組是三個字。

What is the stress?

壓力是什麼？

What's the most stressed word?

最強調的詞是什麼？

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

The stress is all going up towards the peak.

壓力都是向著峰值上升的。

The energy peaks out on the word go that has the O diphthong.

能量峰值出在有O雙音節的去字上。

You will need some lip rounding for that.

你需要一些脣部的圓潤處理。

There you, going up and pitch, going up in energy and volume,

你在那裡，往上走，往上投，往上走，能量和體積都在增加。

there you go and then the up-down shape on the stressed syllable

就是這樣，然後在強調的音節上做了一個上下調的形狀。

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

Try to do that. Try to do it really smoothly connected with that peak of stress on go.

試著去做。儘量做到真正的平穩連接，壓力的高峰在去。

You'll listen to it three times then there will be a little pause for you to try it.

你會聽三遍，然後會有一個小小的停頓，讓你去嘗試。

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

There you go.

這就對了

There you go. Enjoy.

你去那裡。享受。

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

Enjoy. Second syllable stress.

享受。 第二個音節強調。

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

So, the context here, this is Rachel's last shift.

所以，這裡的背景是，這是瑞秋的最後一班。

The end of her last shift.

她最後一更的結束。

She did get a job in the video that we studied last week.

上週我們學習的視頻中，她確實找到了一份工作。

This section of the episode

這一節的情節

she had just had an interview where she didn't feel like she did very well,

她剛剛經歷了一次面試，在那裡她覺得自己做得不是很好。

but she did get the job

但她確實得到了這份工作

and so this is her last shift and she knows that she has a job to go on to.

所以這是她的最後一個班，她知道自己還有一份工作可以去做。

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

Enjoy.

好好享受吧

>> Should I tell her I ordered tea? >> No.

>> 我應該告訴她我點了茶嗎？>> 不。

Okay Chandler didn't actually order coffee.

好吧，錢德勒其實並沒有點咖啡。

What is the stress of his question here?

他這裡的問題強調的是什麼？

Should I tell her I ordered tea?

我應該告訴她我點了茶嗎？

Should I tell her I ordered tea?

我應該告訴她我點了茶嗎？

Should I tell her I ordered tea?

我應該告訴她我點了茶嗎？

Should I tell her, the verb, should I tell her I ordered tea, tea and the pitch goes up.

我是不是應該告訴她，動詞，我是不是應該告訴她我點了茶，茶，音調就上去了。

It's a yes/no question.

這是一個是/否的問題。

Those are our two most stressed syllables there.

這是我們最強調的兩個音節。

Should I,

我應該。

the word should. I would say is I would write that with a SCHWA should, should, should I, should I.

這個詞應該。我想說的是，我會用SCHWA的should，should，should I，should I來寫。

The D is a flap sound because it comes between two vowels or diphthongs.

D是瓣音，因為它在兩個元音或雙元音之間。

The L is silent here, so it comes between the SCHWA and the I diphthong.

L在這裡是沉默的，所以它在SCHWA和I雙音之間。

So, it says should I, should I, da, da, da, da, da.

所以，它說我該不該，該不該，噠，噠，噠，噠。

The tongue bouncing on the roof of the mouth should I tell her.

舌頭在嘴頂上跳動，我應該告訴她。

Should I tell her...

我應該告訴她...

Should I tell her...

我應該告訴她...

Should I tell her...

我應該告訴她...

Should I tell her.

我應該告訴她。

Tell begins with True T

告訴從真T開始

because that starts a stressed syllable.

因為那是一個強調的音節開始。

That's always going to be a true T

這永遠是一個真正的T。

unless it's the TR cluster then it might be a CH sound, tell her.

除非是TR集群，那麼可能是CH的聲音，告訴她。

We have a dropped H the ER, the SCHWA R ending just links on to the word before tell her,

我們有一個下降的H的ER，SCHWA R結束只是鏈接上的單詞之前告訴她。

tell her, should I tell her.

告訴她，我應該告訴她。

Should I tell her...

我應該告訴她...

Should I tell her...

我應該告訴她...

Should I tell her I ordered tea.

我應該告訴她我點了茶。

I ordered both a little flatter, lower in pitch I ordered, I ordered, I ordered, I ordered tea.

我點了兩個都有點平，音調低一點我點了，我點了，我點了，我點了茶。

Before the stressed word tea

在強調的 "茶 "字之前

and again that is a True T because the T there begins a stressed syllable.

而這又是一個真T，因為那裡的T開頭是一個強調的音節。

I ordered, I ordered, I ordered these two words flatter in pitch simplified less clear.

我點了，我點了，我點了這兩個字音調平緩簡化不那麼清晰。

I know the word order

我知道這個詞的順序

can be really tough I actually have a video that goes over how to pronounce that word when it's stressed,

可以是非常艱難的，我其實有一個視頻，去如何發音這個詞時，它的強調。

you can check it out.

你可以去看看。

I'll put a link in the video description.

我會在視頻描述中放一個鏈接。

...I ordered tea?

...我點了茶？

...I ordered tea?

...我點了茶？

>> I ordered tea? >> No.

>> 我點了茶？>> 沒有。

No. No. No.

不，不，不

Quick up-down shape no, no.

快速上下形狀不，不。

No.

不知道

No.

不知道

No.

不知道

Excuse me, everyone.

對不起，各位。

Excuse me, everyone.

對不起，各位。

Stress on 'scuse.

強調 "對不起"。

Notice the word is not excuse but it's scuse. She turns it into one syllable.

請注意這個詞不是藉口，而是scuse。 她把它變成了一個音節。

This is pretty common, so the letter X here represents two sounds K and S,

這是很常見的，所以這裡的字母X代表K和S兩個音。

ex-cuse but it's not uncommon to drop the first vowel and drop the K

不好意思，但去掉第一個元音和去掉K的情況並不少見。

and just say scuse, scuse S sound K, U diphthong Z 'skjuz, 'skjuz me excuse me

就說 "對不起"，"對不起 "S音K，"U "雙元音Z "skjuz"，"skjuz"，"對不起"。

and that's what she does here, stress on that syllable.

這就是她在這裡所做的，強調這個音節。

'Skjuz me, everyone.

"各位，我也是

Excuse me, everyone.

對不起，各位。

Excuse me, everyone.

對不起，各位。

Excuse me, everyone.

對不起，各位。

Uh, this is my last night working here.

呃，這是我在這裡工作的最後一晚。

Uh. Okay after the word uh what is the stress of this thought group?

呃，好吧，在這個詞的後面，呃這個思想群的重點是什麼？

Uh, this is my last night working here.

呃，這是我在這裡工作的最後一晚。

Uh, this is my last night working here.

呃，這是我在這裡工作的最後一晚。

Uh, this is my last night working here.

呃，這是我在這裡工作的最後一晚。

This is my last night, this is my, this is my.

這是我的最後一夜，這是我的，這是我的。

These first three words said pretty quickly

前面這三個字說得挺快

this is my last then we have more stress there, last night working here.

這是我的最後一次，然後我們有更多的壓力在那裡，昨晚在這裡工作。

this is my last night working here.

這是我在這裡工作的最後一個晚上。

this is my last night working here.

這是我在這裡工作的最後一個晚上。

this is my last night working here.

這是我在這裡工作的最後一個晚上。

So, last and work have the most stress.

所以，最後和工作的壓力最大。

Even so, even though last is one of the stressed words it does have a dropped sound.

即使如此，即使last是強調的單詞之一，它也確實有一個掉音。

There is no T.

沒有T。

The reason is because it's part of an ending ST cluster.

原因是它是結局ST群的一部分。

The next word begins with a consonant.

下一個詞是以輔音開頭的。

The T between two consonants like this even when they're in two different words is often dropped.

像這樣兩個輔音之間的T，即使是在兩個不同的詞中，也經常會被丟掉。

Last night, it's just the S sound into the N sound,

昨晚，只是S音變成了N音。

last night and then we have a Stop T at the end of night.

昨晚，然後我們有一個停止T在晚上結束。

That's because the next word begins with a consonant and the sound before it was a vowel or diphthong.

那是因為下一個詞的開頭是輔音，而前面的音是元音或雙元音。

In this case the AI as in buy diphthong.

在這種情況下，AI作為買二通。

So, the sound before is

所以，之前的聲音是

a diphthong but the letter before is an H

韻母

which we would think of as being a consonant letter

聲母

but if the T was between two consonants we would drop it just like here.

但如果T在兩個輔音之間，我們就會像這裡一樣去掉它。

We don't talk about letters; the rules are all about sounds.

我們不談字母，規則都是關於聲音的。

So here the T is not between two consonants, it's after the I diphthong before consonants.

所以這裡的T不是在兩個輔音之間，而是在輔音之前的I雙音之後。

That's why this T is a Stop T.

所以這個T是停T。

If you're completely confused about the T pronunciations

如果你對T的發音完全不明白，請問你是怎麼做到的？

I do have a playlist at that goes over

我有一個播放列表，在這去了

all of the different ways that we pronounce T's and the rules around them.

所有的不同方式，我們發音T的和規則圍繞他們。

this is my last night...

這是我的最後一晚...

this is my last night...

這是我的最後一晚...

this is my last night working here.

這是我在這裡工作的最後一個晚上。

Last night working here stress, unstress.

昨晚在這裡工作壓力大，沒有壓力。

Stress, unstressed, unstressed, last night working here.

壓力，沒有壓力，沒有壓力，昨晚在這裡工作。

So, the ing ending and the word here flatter, lower in pitch coming down in vocal energy.

所以，ing結尾和這裡的字比較平，低音調下來的聲能。

The word 'work' this is a really tough word.

'工作'這個詞真的很難懂。

Don't try to make a vowel, it's the R vowel consonant combination wərk.

不要試圖做一個元音，這是R元音輔音組合wərk。

This is how we do it in American English.

這就是我們美式英語的做法。

This vowel doesn't really have a sound by itself, it just blends with the R,

這個元音本身並沒有真正的聲音，它只是和R融合在一起。

wərk, work.

wərk，工作。

So, work, no jaw drop. We don't need much jaw drop for this sound.

所以，工作，沒有下巴下降。我們不需要太多的下巴下降這個聲音。

Tip of the tongue pulls back and up a little bit wər, wərking, wərking here.

舌尖向後拉，向上拉一點wər，wərking，wərking這裡。

...working here.

...在這裡工作。

...working here.

...在這裡工作。

...working here.

...在這裡工作。

And, uh...

還有，呃...

And, uh...

還有，呃...

Okay, it's not that common to hear the D in the word and but

好吧，這並不是一個常見的詞，聽到D字和但是

she does do it especially

她做的特別多

you'll hear people doing that when they're thinking of what to say next

你會聽到人們在想下一步該說什麼的時候這樣做。

then they're more likely to fully pronounce and.

那麼他們更有可能充分發音和。

And, the D links right into the next sound, which is the UH as in butter sound and, uh.

而且，D音直接連接到下一個音，這是UH，就像黃油音和，呃。

And, uh...

還有，呃...

And, uh...

還有，呃...

And, uh, I just wanted to say that...

而且，呃，我只是想說... ...

What's the stress of this next thought group?

這下子思想組的壓力是什麼？

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

I just wanted to say that.

我只是想說。

Again, ST cluster followed by a consonant just like last night becomes las' night

同樣，ST群后面跟著一個輔音，就像昨晚成為las' night一樣

just wanted becomes jus' wanted.

剛需變成了剛需。

I jus' wanted to say that.

我只是想說。

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

Everything links together really smoothly.

所有的東西都很順暢地連接在一起。

We have three more Ts here.

我們這裡還有三個T。

Let's study them what happens with these Ts.

讓我們來研究一下他們這些T會發生什麼。

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

I just wanted to say that...

我只是想說...

Wanted to say, wanted to say this first T totally dropped.

想說，想說這第一個T完全掉了。

That's pretty common in this word because it comes after an N.

這個詞很常見，因為它在N後面。

Lots of other people will do that waned.

很多其他的人都會這麼做，冉冉的。

So, ED ending here it's funny because we drop the T but it still follows the rules for coming after a T sound.

所以，ED結尾這裡很有趣，因為我們放棄了T，但它仍然遵循了T音後的規則。

So, the rules for ED ending is when it comes after T or D it's the IH as in sit vowel and the D sound.

所以，ED結尾的規則是當它出現在T或D之後時，就是IH如坐元音和D音。

So, even though the T is dropped that rule still holds wan'ed, wan'ed, wan'ed

所以，即使去掉了T，那條規則仍然成立wan'ed，wan'ed，wan'ed。

and when the word before to, t-o ends in a D it's common to just drop the T sound all together

而當to，t-o前的單詞以D結尾時，通常會把T音全部去掉。

and just put a SCHWA at the end

然後在最後加個SCHWA就好了

wanid, wanid, wanid, wanid, wanid to say, wanid to say that.

萬德，萬德，萬德，萬德說，萬德說。

just wanted to say that...

只是想說...

just wanted to say that...

只是想說...

just wanted to say that...

只是想說...

She does a True T release here at the end of that.

她在最後這裡做了一個真T發佈。

It's also common to make that a Stop T when it comes to the end of a thought group like it does here

像這裡一樣，到了一個思想組的結尾時，把它做成停頓T也是很常見的。

but here she makes it a True T.

但在這裡，她把它變成了一個真T。

So, I just wanted to say that.

所以，我只是想說。

We have four Ts that are part of the official pronunciation

我們有四個 "T "是官方發音的一部分。

of those words but only one of them is pronounced as a True T.

其中，但只有一個字讀作真T。

The other three are all dropped.

其他三個都被放棄了。

That's crazy. I love English.

這是瘋了。我愛英語。

...just wanted to say that...

...只是想說....

...just wanted to say that...

...只是想說....

...just wanted to say that I made some really good friends here.

...只想說，我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

What's the stress of this phrase?

這句話的重點是什麼？

...I made some really good friends here...

...我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友... ...

...I made some really good friends here...

...我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友... ...

...I made some really good friends here...

...我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友... ...

I made some really good friends here.

我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

I here made, the verb, I made some really good friends, noun, here.

I here made，動詞，我交了一些很好的朋友，名詞，這裡。

So, the general way that stress works is content words are usually stressed.

所以，一般強調的方式是內容詞通常會強調。

Those are nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs

這些都是名詞，動詞，形容詞和副詞。

but they're not all always stressed for example, the word good

但它們並不總是被強調，例如，"好 "字。

is not stressed compared to really, really good.

是不強調相比真的，真的好。

Really has more stress.

真的有更大的壓力。

I made some really good friends here.

我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

...I made some really good friends here.

...我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

...I made some really good friends here.

...我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

...I made some really good friends here.

...我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

The word some, if that was fully pronounced it would have the UH as in butter vowel.

Some這個詞，如果是完全發音的話，就會有UH如黃油元音。

If it was stressed it would have that up-down shape some,

如果是受力的話，它會有那種上下的形狀一些。

but I would actually write that with the SCHWA some, some.

但其實我會寫，與SCHWA一些，一些。

It's flatter and pitch. I think the vowel is not full, I think it's reduced, made some really good friends here.

比較平和音調。我覺得元音不飽滿，我覺得是減弱了，在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

...I made some really...

...我做了一些很...

...I made some really...

...我做了一些很...

...I made some really good friends here.

...我在這裡交了一些很好的朋友。

Friends here, friends here.

朋友在這裡，朋友在這裡。

I notice she is ending with her pitch going up a little bit friends here.