Hello Georgina and hello everybody. Now, Joe Biden is the projected winner of the US elections:  

你好喬治娜，大家好。現在，喬-拜登是美國大選的預計贏家。

he will be the next president. His running mate Kamala Harris will be the next vice president.  

他將是下一任總統。他的競選搭檔卡馬拉-哈里斯將成為下屆副總統。

She will be the first female and she will be the first black Asian American to hold the position.

她將是第一位女性，她將是第一位擔任該職位的亞裔美國黑人。

Yes and don't forget – if you want to test yourself on the vocabulary you learn today,  

是的，別忘了--如果你想測試一下自己今天所學的詞彙量。

go to our website bbclearningenglish.com and you'll find a quiz.

去我們的網站bbclearningenglish.com，你會發現一個測驗。

Now, let's hear about this story from the BBC Radio 4 news headline:

現在，讓我們來聽聽BBC第四電臺新聞頭條的這個故事。

Yes. Kamala Harris is the vice president-elect of the US. The word 'elect' means she hasn't  

是的 - 卡馬拉-哈里斯是美國當選副總統卡馬拉-哈里斯是美國當選的副總統。"當選 "一詞的意思是她還沒有...

officially taken up the job yet. She is female, she is black and Asian American: this is a first.

正式接受了這份工作呢。她是女性，她是黑人和亞裔美國人：這是第一次。

We've got three words and expressions to talk about this story.

我們有三個詞和表情來談論這個故事。

Yes, we have: 'makes history', 'cements' and 'break new ground'.

是的，我們有。"創造歷史"，"鞏固 "和 "開闢新天地"。

'Makes history', 'cements' and 'break new ground'. Catherine, can you give us our first headline?

"創造歷史"、"鞏固 "和 "開闢新天地凱瑟琳，你能給我們的第一個標題嗎？

Of course. We're starting in the Middle East with Al Jazeera – the headline:

當然，我們從中東的半島電視臺開始。我們從中東的半島電視臺開始--頭條。

'Makes history' – is or does something so important that it will be recorded publicly and remembered.

'創造歷史'--是或做了一些重要的事情，以至於它將被公開記錄並被記住。

That's right. And we've got a two-word phrase here. We have the first word: 'makes' – M-A-K-E-S.

沒錯，我們這裡有一個兩個字的短語 That's right.我們這裡有一個兩個字的短語。我們有第一個詞："使"--M -A -K -E

And the second word: 'history' – H-I-S-T-O-R-Y.

第二個詞："歷史"--H-I-S-T-O-R-Y。

Now Catherine, are we talking about something in the past,  

凱瑟琳，我們是不是在談論過去的事情。

something that we would have learnt when we were at school?

我們在學校時就會學到的東西？

Not now. It's interesting: what will happen in the future is that people will learn  

不是現在。有意思的是：未來會發生的事情是，人們會學。

about Kamala Harris being the first female vice president in their history classes of the future.  

關於卡馬拉-哈里斯是未來歷史課上的第一位女副總統。

So, it isn't history now but it will be history, so we say, 'She is making history.'

所以，現在不是歷史，但會成為歷史，所以我們說，"她在創造歷史"。

The history of the future is being created by this event.

未來的歷史正在由這一事件創造。

And are there any other synonyms we can use?

還有沒有其他的同義詞我們可以使用？

Yes, we can say that she has 'gone down in history', or she's 'going down in history'.

是的，我們可以說她已經'青史留名'，也可以說她正在'青史留名'。

'To go down in history' is pretty much the same as 'to make history'.

'載入史冊'和'創造歷史'差不多。

Yeah. So, it's a very historic event that's really just –

是啊，所以，這是一個非常具有歷史意義的事件，真的只是...所以，這是一個非常歷史性的事件，真的只是 -

or a historic situation that has just happened.

或剛剛發生的歷史局勢。

Right, let's have a look at our summary slide:

好了，我們來看一下我們的總結幻燈片。

'Makes history' is using a verb in the present tense  

'創造歷史'用的是現在時態的動詞。

and we have lots more videos about how to use present tenses correctly, haven't we Catherine?

我們還有很多關於如何正確使用現在時態的視頻，不是嗎，凱瑟琳？

We have. And to see just one of them, click the link and you'll go straight to the show.

我們有。如果想看其中一個，請點擊鏈接，你會直接進入節目。

Great. So, let's have a look at your next headline.

很好，那麼，讓我們看看你的下一個標題。那麼，讓我們來看看你的下一個標題。

OK and we're back in the UK now, with LBC – the headline:

好了，我們現在回到英國，LBC--頭條。

'Cements' – makes a situation, an agreement or relationship stronger.

Yes. Now, we have one word here: 'cements' – it's spelt C-E-M-E-N-T-S.

是的。現在，我們有一個詞在這裡。"水泥"--它的拼寫是C -E -M -E

Now, if you 'cement' your place in history, you 'make history' or you 'go down in history'.

現在，如果你'鞏固'了你在歷史上的地位，你就會'創造歷史'或者'載入史冊'。

So, it's a really nice way of using the expression  

所以，這是一個很好的使用表達式的方法。

that we've just been talking about. It's almost a synonym.

我們剛才一直在談論的。這幾乎是一個同義詞。

That's really useful to know, but 'cement' – isn't that used  

知道這個真的很有用，但是 "水泥"--不是用的嗎？

to talk about the stuff we put between bricks when we're building a house?

說說我們蓋房子時在磚頭之間放的東西？

Yes, it is. And if you're watching the show – you're not listening to the podcast – you'll  

是的，它是。如果你在看節目--你不聽播客--你就會

see behind me a brick wall, and this stuff between the bricks is called 'cement'.

看到我身後有一堵磚牆，磚與磚之間的這種東西叫 "水泥"。

It makes the building stronger: it sticks the bricks together.

它使建築物更加堅固：它把磚頭粘在一起。

And that's – excuse me – and that's the idea of the verb 'cement': not used in a building sense  

這就是... 對不起... 這就是 "水泥 "這個動詞的意思： 不是用於建築的意思。

but giving something strength and permanence. So, Kamala Harris has made her place  

但卻賦予了一些力量和持久性。所以，卡馬拉-哈里斯已經把她的位置

in history stronger and permanent. And that's the idea of 'cements' here.

在歷史上更加牢固和永久。這就是這裡的'水泥'概念。

And what kind of words do we need to use 'cements' with? Is it 'cements' something?

那我們需要用'水泥'來搭配什麼樣的詞呢？是'水泥'什麼的嗎？

Yes, you usually use 'cements' in this way with an object after the verb.

是的，你通常這樣用'cements'，動詞後有賓語。

So, you can 'cement' a situation, you can 'cement' an agreement, you can 'cement' a relationship.

所以，你可以 "鞏固 "一個局面，你可以 "鞏固 "一個協議，你可以 "鞏固 "一段關係。

Great. Let's have a look at the summary slide:

很好。讓我們來看看摘要幻燈片。

We've got lots more videos about female firsts, haven't we Catherine?

我們還有很多關於女性第一次的視頻，不是嗎，凱瑟琳？

We have. We've even got one which is asking the question,  

我們有。我們甚至有一個正在問問題。

'Will the first person on Mars be a woman?' And to find out more about that story, click the link.

'火星上的第一個人將是女性？而想了解更多的故事，請點擊鏈接。

Great. So, let's have a look at your next headline.

很好，那麼，讓我們看看你的下一個標題。那麼，讓我們來看看你的下一個標題。

And in the UK for this one, we're with The Guardian – the headline:

而在英國的這一次，我們和《衛報》--頭條。

'Break new ground' – do something completely different that has not been done before.

'開闢新天地'--做一些完全不同的、以前沒有做過的事情。

Yes. We have a three-word phrase this time. The first word: 'break' – B-R-E-A-K.

是的，我們這次有一個三字口訣。這次我們有一個三個字的短語。第一個詞："斷"--B-R-E-A-K。

Second word: 'new' – N-E-W. And the third word: 'ground' – G-R-O-U-N-D. 'Break new ground'.

第二個字：'新'--N-E-W。第三個詞："地"--G-R-O-U-N-D。'開闢新天地'。

So, when I think about this, I think about when I moved into my new place

所以，當我想到這些的時候，我就會想到我搬進新家的時候。

and I had a little patio at the back with a tiny bit of a, kind of, garden that I could garden.

我有一個小天井 在後面有一個微小的一點， 樣的，花園，我可以花園。

And I got out my spade and I dug a big hole to put a plant in.

我拿出鏟子，挖了一個大洞，把一株植物放進去。

Is that what we're talking about, Catherine?

我們是在說這個嗎，凱瑟琳？

You were literally 'breaking the ground' in your new apartment – in the garden?

你在你的新公寓裡真的是 "破土而出"--在花園裡？

Yes.

是的，我知道

OK. So, this is more a figurative sense. When you 'broke new ground',  

好的。所以，這更多的是一種形象化的意義。當你 "破土而出 "的時候。

you were digging a hole in a place that had never had that happen to it before.  

你在一個從來沒有發生過這種情況的地方挖了一個洞。

The idea is you're doing something new for the very first time.

這個想法是你第一次做一些新的事情。

Now, nobody – no woman has been the vice president of the USA before, so Kamala Harris is doing  

現在，沒有人--沒有女人當過美國副總統，所以卡馬拉-哈里斯正在做的是

this and that's – in a sense, she's doing something new: she's 'breaking new ground'.

這和那是--在某種意義上，她在做一些新的事情：她在 "開闢新天地"。

Yeah. In fact, she's breaking new ground in lots of areas, isn't she?

是的，事實上，她在很多領域都有新的突破，不是嗎？

Yeah, absolutely. And it doesn't have to be something as big as being a vice president.  

是的，絕對的。而且不一定非要當個副總統那樣的大人物。 And it doesn't have to be something as big as being a vice president.

You can 'break new ground' in your own life by doing something you've never done before:  

你可以通過做一些你從來沒有做過的事情，在自己的生活中 "開闢新天地"。

studying a topic at university that nobody in your family has done.

在大學裡研究一個你的家人沒有做過的課題。

Maybe you're a family full of doctors – you're going to break new ground by becoming an artist.

也許你是一個滿是醫生的家庭--你要通過成為藝術家來開拓新的領域。

Ah, fantastic! So, let's have a look at the summary slide:

啊，太棒了!那麼，讓我們來看看總結幻燈片。

Catherine, could you recap the vocabulary, please?

凱瑟琳，你能複述一下詞彙嗎？

Most certainly. We had: 'makes history' – is or does something so important

當然我們有。"創造歷史" - 是或做的東西如此重要

that it will be recorded publicly and remembered.

這將被公開記錄和銘記。

Then we had: 'cements' – makes a situation, an agreement or relationship stronger.

然後我們就有了。

And finally we looked at: 'break new ground' – do something completely different that has not been done before.

最後我們看了一下。"開闢新天地"--做一些完全不同的、以前沒有做過的事情。

And you can test yourself on today's vocabulary with the quiz  

而且你可以通過測驗來測試自己今天的詞彙量。

on the website bbclearningenglish.com. We're all over social media too. Thanks for joining us.

在網站bbclearningenglish.com上。我們也都在社交媒體上。謝謝你加入我們。

Bye. Bye!

掰掰 掰掰！