In 1994, the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act passed.

1994年，《暴力犯罪控制和執法法》通過。

You probably know it as the crime bill.

你可能知道它是犯罪法案。

It was a terrible law.

這是一個可怕的法律。

It ushered in an era of mass incarceration

它開創了一個大規模監禁的時代。

that allowed mandatory minimums,

允許強制性的最低限額。

three-strikes laws,

三擊法；

the expansion of the death penalty --

擴大死刑的範圍 -- --

it was terrible.

這是可怕的。

But it passed with bipartisan support.

但它在兩黨的支持下通過了。

GOP House Speaker Newt Gingrich,

GOP眾議院議長紐特-金裡奇。

architect of the Republican Revolution,

共和國革命的設計師。

led the way --

率先垂範 -- --

signed into law by Democratic President, Bill Clinton.

由民主黨總統比爾-克林頓簽署成為法律。

Also in 1994,

也是在1994年。

I was a senior in high school when this bill got passed,

這個法案通過的時候，我還是個高中生。

and you were likely to find me

而你很可能會發現我

on the streets protesting any number of causes ...

在街頭抗議各種原因... ...

including the crime bill.

包括犯罪法案。

So that's what makes this picture all the more surprising.

所以，這才是這張照片更讓人驚訝的地方。

Newt was not on the top of my "Favorite Person in this Country" list.

在我的 "這個國家最喜歡的人 "名單中，紐特並不在前列。

But this picture was taken in 2015.

但這張照片拍攝於2015年。

This was the start of a movement

這是一場運動的開始

that would pass a bill called the First Step Act.

將通過一項名為《第一步法》的法案。

The "New York Times" called it the most significant reform

"紐約時報 "稱這是最重大的改革。

in criminal justice in a generation.

在一代人的刑事司法中。

You know, 1994 Nisha --

你知道，1994年的Nisha --

on-the-streets activist --

街頭活動家----

might be disappointed in this photo --

可能會對這張照片失望

some of you might be too.

你們中的一些人可能也是。

But standing here today I'm not.

但今天站在這裡，我卻沒有。

This is what I'm here to talk to you about today.

這就是我今天要和大家聊的內容。

This is radical common ground.

這是根本的共同點。

And I'm not talking about the kind of common ground where --

我說的不是那種共同點... ...

you know, we can talk about how much we love springtime

你知道，我們可以談談我們有多愛春天的事。

or "puppies are super cute."

或 "小狗是超級可愛。"

And it's not, you know, compromised common ground.

而且這不是，你知道，妥協的共同點。

This is common ground that's hard.

這是很難的共同點。

It hurts.

疼啊

It's the type of common ground where you will be ridiculed and judged.

這是一種會被嘲笑和評判的共同點。

But it's the type of common ground that can secure human freedom.

但正是這種共同點，才能保證人類的自由。

It can save lives.

它可以拯救生命。

And it's the type of common ground I was born to find.

而這正是我生來就想找到的共同點。

It's in my DNA.

這是我的DNA。

My dad was born during the partition in India.

我爸爸是在印度分治時期出生的。

After the Indian independence movement, the country was really divided

印度獨立運動後，國家真的分裂了。

between people who wanted to keep the country together

在那些想保持國家統一的人之間

and those who wanted different independent nations.

和那些希望有不同獨立國家的人。

And when the British left,

而當英國人離開。

they just decided to draw a line, the partition and make a new country.

他們只是決定畫一條線， 分割，使一個新的國家。

This started the largest forced mass migration in human history.

這開啟了人類歷史上最大規模的強迫性大規模移民。

Fifteen million people trapped on the wrong side of these new borders.

1500萬人被困在這些新邊界的錯誤一側。

Two million people dead during the partition.

分治期間有200萬人死亡。

And my dad was the youngest baby in a Hindu family

而我爸爸是印度教家庭中最小的孩子。

on the wrong side of the border.

在邊界的錯誤一邊。

and like families all around the border on both sides,

和像兩邊邊境各地的家庭。

they went into hiding.

他們躲了起來。

And I was told when I was little about the story of my family in hiding,

而我小的時候，就有人給我講過我家隱居的故事。

and one day when armed men came into the house that they were hiding in,

有一天，當武裝人員來到他們藏身的房子裡時。

searching for families, my dad started crying.

尋找家庭，我爸開始哭了。

And my grandma started shaking him.

我奶奶就開始搖他。

And my grandfather, in that moment,

而我的爺爺，在那一刻。

he made the choice that he'd sacrifice his son in order to save the family.

他做出的選擇是，為了拯救這個家庭，他要犧牲自己的兒子。

But luckily, in that moment he stopped crying.

但幸運的是，在那一刻，他停止了哭泣。

My grandma, she shook him and he stopped crying

我奶奶，她搖了搖他，他就不哭了

and I'm here today because he stopped crying.

我今天在這裡，因為他停止了哭泣。

But I'm also here today

但我今天也在這裡

because of that Muslim family that took us in.

因為那個收留我們的穆斯林家庭。

They also were held at gunpoint

他們還在槍口下被扣押

and an armed man asked if they were hiding anyone,

和一個武裝人員問他們是否藏了人。

and they swore on the Quran that nobody was in that house.

他們對著古蘭經發誓，那房子裡沒有人。

They chose in that moment when the entire country --

他們選擇在那個時刻，當整個國家 -- --

everybody in the region,

該地區的所有人。

you could hate people who had different politics than you,

你可以恨人 誰有不同的政治比你。

different religion,

不同的宗教。

you could kill people.

你可以殺人。

That was what was happening.

這就是當時的情況。

but they swore on their Holy book,

但他們以聖書起誓。

they chose the shared humanity

他們選擇了共同的人性

over politics of that day, and we lived.

在當時的政治之上，我們活。

And we survived.

而我們卻活了下來。

And I start with this story because often people tell me

而我之所以從這個故事開始，是因為經常有人告訴我

that my mission for common ground is the weak position.

我的求同存異任務是弱勢地位。

But I ask how was that Muslims family's actions weak?

但我要問的是，那個穆斯林家庭的行為怎麼會是弱者？

Because of that, my dad did grow up healthy in India

正因為如此，我爸爸在印度確實是健康成長的

and he emigrated to this country,

他移民到了這個國家。

and I was born here in the late '70s,

我是70年代末出生在這裡的。

and like most first-generation kids I was born to build bridges.

和大多數第一代的孩子一樣，我生來就是為了造橋。

I was a bridge between the old country and the new.

我是新舊國家之間的橋樑。

And just growing up, that's what I did.

而剛剛成長起來的我，就是這麼做的。

I was a brown girl in the Black and white South in Atlanta, Georgia.

我是喬治亞州亞特蘭大市黑白南方的一個棕色女孩。

I was like, on one hand,

我當時想，一方面。

the perfect Indian daughter --

完美的印度女兒 -- --

straight As,

直如。

captain of the debate team --

辯論隊隊長

but on the other hand,

但另一方面。

I was also this radical feminist,

我也是這個激進的女權主義者。

punk-rock activist sneaking out of the house for concerts

朋克搖滾活動家偷跑出去開演唱會

and, you know, getting arrested like, all the time for causes.

而且，你知道，越來越多的逮捕 像，所有的時間的原因。

I was a mix of a lot things.

我是一個混合了很多東西的人。

But they all live harmoniously in me.

但它們都在我體內和諧地生活著。

Building bridges was just natural,

造橋是很自然的事。

and I think all of us represent a mix of a bunch of things.

我認為我們所有人都代表著一堆東西的混合。

I think we have that ability to find the common ground.

我想我們有這種能力去尋找共同點。

But that's not how I was living my life ...

但我的生活不是這樣的... ...

at all.

完全沒有。

I moved to the Bay Area in 2001,

2001年我搬到了灣區。

and this was kind of a turning point for me;

這對我來說是一個轉捩點。

it was the start of the second Iraq War.

這是第二次伊拉克戰爭的開始。

And I was organizing with a bunch of activists --

我和一群活動家一起組織 --

of course --

當然...

and we were thinking that probably we needed to expand our circle

我們在想，也許我們需要擴大我們的圈子。

a little bit,

一點點。

that we weren't going to successfully stop the war if, you know --

我們不打算成功地停止戰爭，如果，你知道 -

just amongst us.

就在我們中間。

So we decided we'd build bridges,

所以我們決定要造橋。

expand our circle,

擴大我們的圈子。

and so the great, anarchist versus communist soccer tournament

於是，偉大的，無政府主義對共產主義的足球比賽開始了

of 2001 was born.

2001年的誕生。

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

That's it.

就這樣吧

That's how large my circle was allowed to expand.

我的圈子就這樣被允許擴大了。

Building bridges with liberal Democrats?

與自由派民主黨人建立橋樑？

Oh, no way, that was a bridge too far.

哦，不會吧，那是一座太遠的橋。

Local electeds?

當地選民？

That was a bridge too far.

那是一座太遠的橋。

And that was in 2001.

而那是在2001年。

And I think you'll agree with me now.

我想你現在會同意我的看法了。

In 2020 it's gotten even worse --

在2020年，它變得更加糟糕 --

that division, that tribalism.

那種分裂，那種部落主義。

We won't sit down at dinner

我們不會坐下來吃飯的

with people who voted differently than us.

與我們投票不同的人。

We, like, see a mean tweet from our best friend --

我們，喜歡，看到我們最好的朋友發了一條刻薄的微博 --

a tweet that, like, doesn't fit with our worldview,

一條微博，喜歡，不符合我們的世界觀。

and all of a sudden they're canceled.

突然間他們就被取消了。

The purity politics of the moment gone.

當下的純潔政治一去不復返。

I sometimes wake up --

我有時會醒來...

I don't know what we're going to do.

我不知道我們要做什麼。

And people ask me "how do we do that?"

還有人問我 "我們怎麼做？"

But I know about common ground.

但我知道共同點。

I feel like we can build those bridges.

我覺得我們可以建立這些橋樑。

But it's not easy.

但這並不容易。

I have a concept that I go back to,

我有一個概念，我回去。

and it's a concept that should be familiar to everybody

而且這個概念大家應該都很熟悉了

since the beginning of human history.

自人類歷史開始以來。

It's the idea of the commons.

這就是公有制的理念。

This shared place in the center of town --

這個位於市中心的共享場所...

town square,

鎮廣場。

the quad --

四 --

but it's the place where you come together,

但它是你走到一起的地方。

your community,

你的社區。

and you can listen to people on soapboxes with different ideas,

你可以聽人們在肥皂盒上的不同想法。

and you can be very different,

和你可以很不同。

but you come together because you know together we're stronger than being apart.

但你走到一起，因為你知道我們在一起比分開更強大。

And today when I think of the commons,

而今天當我想到公。

I extend it to the resources we all share --

我把它延伸到我們大家共享的資源上 -- -- 這是一個很好的例子。

collectively owned,

集體所有。

like the air we breathe.

就像我們呼吸的空氣。

I think of schools,

我想到了學校。

parks.

公園，

I think of the intelligence we share.

我想到了我們共享的情報。

We can share in libraries or the internet.

我們可以在圖書館或者網絡上分享。

And I think the internet's important.

而且我覺得互聯網很重要。

In this digital age,

在這個數字時代。

that shared humanity,

的共同人性。

that access to be together in the commons,

該通道在公地中一起。

is at our fingertips.

是在我們的指尖上。

But we're not using it that way.

但我們不是用這種方式。

We're not coming together.

我們不是一起來的。

To choose that path towards the commons and to be with each other,

選擇那條走向共同的道路，彼此相伴。

you also have to choose love.

你也要選擇愛情。

That's a hard thing.

這是一件很困難的事情。

But I know you can't go to the town square

但我知道你不能去市政廣場的。

filled with hate for the town.

充滿了對這個城市的仇恨。

You can't lead a people you don't love.

你不能上司一個你不愛的人。

You can't lead a country you don't love.

你不能上司一個你不愛的國家。

And --

還有...

I don't think you can change the world

我不認為你能改變世界。

and say, "I'm only changing it for the people like me,

並說："我只為我這樣的人改變。

my own circle of friends,

我自己的朋友圈。

not for the people I hate, not for them."

不是為了我恨的人，不是為了他們。"

It doesn't work.

它不工作。

It's a terrible strategy, it doesn't work,

這是一個可怕的策略，它不工作。

but that's what we keep doing.

但這就是我們一直在做的事情。

I see it every single day.

我每天都能看到它。

These silos are just getting stronger.

這些孤島只是越來越強大。

And you know,

你也知道

your corner of the internet,

你的互聯網角落。

like Instagram or Twitter,

如Instagram或Twitter。

we're just in an echo chamber talking to each other.

我們只是在一個回聲室 彼此交談。

So I can be really comfortable in my Berkeley Democratic Socialist commons

是以，我可以真正舒適地在我的伯克利民主社會主義公地。

and talk to all of you.

並與大家交流。

And my dad can be in his bootstrappy immigrant Republican commons,

而我爸爸可以在他的引導性移民共和黨的公共場所。

and I can watch MSNBC

我可以看MSNBC

and he can watch Fox News

他可以看福克斯新聞

and we will not know the same things.

而我們不會知道同樣的事情。

We won't have the same --

我們不會有同樣的...

I mean, we won't live in the same world.

我是說，我們不會生活在同一個世界裡。

We may never know each other or be with each other again.

我們可能永遠不會再相識，也不會再相伴。

And I don't want to keep going down that path.

我不想繼續走這條路。

And I know we can get back to a better path.

我知道我們可以回到更好的道路上。

I know we can find our way to the commons,

我知道我們可以找到去公共場所的路。

and I know that because I had a first, like, front-row, firsthand look

我知道，因為我有一個第一，喜歡， 前排，第一手資料看

at the ability to do it

有能力

and do it on a large scale.

並進行大規模的。

And so I want to get you back to the First Step Act

所以我想讓你回到《第一步法》上來

and the criminal justice reform.

和刑事司法改革。

I interviewed for a job with Van Jones about seven years ago.

七年前，我面試了範-瓊斯的工作。

And he's been a mentor and my boss,

他是我的良師益友，也是我的上司。

and he's actually an inspiration behind a lot of this in the speech.

而他在演講中的很多內容其實都是背後的靈感。

And he told me that we were going to pass bipartisan criminal justice reform,

他告訴我，我們要通過兩黨的刑事司法改革。

and I laughed because I thought that was an oxymoron.

我笑了，因為我認為這是一個矛盾體。

I was in the streets --

我在街上...

go figure --

可想而知

at the Republican National Convention in 2000

在2000年共和黨全國代表大會上

in Philadelphia,

在費城。

and we were protesting the criminal justice system.

我們抗議的是刑事司法系統。

And there were no Republicans on the streets with me at that protest.

而且在那次抗議活動中，沒有共和黨人和我一起上街。

I remembered the crime bill;

我記得犯罪法案。

I lived through the tough-on-crime era;

我經歷過嚴打犯罪的時代。

I didn't see it.

我沒有看到它。

But he saw it and he walked me through it.

但他看到了，他陪我走了一遍。

He saw me and people like him on the Left,

他看到我和像他一樣的人在左翼。

who it's always been and issue of dignity and justice,

尊嚴和正義的問題。

that this system has been racist since the start

這個制度從一開始就是種族主義的

and discriminating against poor people and people of color

和歧視窮人和有色人種的問題；

and it's an issue of justice and dignity.

而且這是一個正義和尊嚴的問題。

So there we were.

所以我們就在那裡。

But he also saw something different from our colleagues on the Right.

但他也看到了與我們右派同事不同的東西。

The fiscal Conservatives,

財政保守派。

they had an economic incentive to do it:

他們有經濟動機去做。

they saw a system that cost the taxpayers a whole lot of money

他們看到的是一個耗費納稅人大量金錢的系統。

and was getting terrible results

並得到可怕的結果

and it wasn't making the communities any safer.

而這並沒有讓社區更安全。

The Libertarian Right,

自由主義者的權利。

who believe in less government,

誰相信較少的政府。

saw an expansion of government control,

看到了政府控制的擴大。

an expansion of the police state,

警察國家的擴張；

mass incarceration is like, antithetical to who they are.

大規模的監禁就像， 對立於他們是誰。

And the religious Right:

而宗教右派。

second chances --

第二次機會 -- --

redemption.

救贖。

These are values that they hold dear,