The U.

U.

S government estimates that 94% of deadly car crashes are because of human error and that driverless cars could significantly reduce that.

S政府估計，94%的致命車禍都是因為人為錯誤，而無人駕駛汽車可以大大降低這一比例。

But what if they're hacked?

但如果他們被黑客攻擊了呢？

We all carry computers in our pockets, and everyday machines like thermostats, refrigerators, cameras and even our cars are connected Online.

我們的口袋裡都裝著電腦，恆溫器、冰箱、相機甚至我們的汽車等日常機器都是聯網的。

Experts call this constant connection the Internet of things.

專家們把這種不斷的連接稱為物聯網。

And just like everything else, it's susceptible to security breaches.

就像其他一切一樣，它很容易受到安全漏洞的影響。

Two big questions that I have.

我有兩個大問題。

Could autonomous vehicles be hacked to hurt us?

自主車會不會被黑客傷害我們？

And how can we be sure that the personal data that we produce in these cars are protected?

而我們如何確保我們在這些汽車中產生的個人數據得到保護呢？

The answer's air still not perfectly clear the Internet of things is gonna have enormous benefits that I think we can't even begin to realize the power of computerizing and networking our environment.

答案還不是很明確 物聯網會帶來巨大的好處 我想我們甚至還沒有開始意識到 計算機化和網絡化對我們環境的影響。

But there are risks.

但也有風險。

Also, here we are creating an Internet that senses, thinks and acts.

同時，我們在這裡也在打造一個有感知、有思考、有行動的互聯網。

What we know about computers and software is that they have bugs.

我們對計算機和軟件的瞭解就是它們有bug。

They have vulnerabilities.

他們有弱點。

All computer systems can be hacked, so you could easily imagine these attacks being used against cars to cause the car, computer systems to crash or cars being used as the attack vector.

所有的計算機系統都可以被黑客攻擊，所以你很容易想象這些攻擊被用來攻擊汽車，導致汽車、計算機系統崩潰，或者汽車被用作攻擊載體。

So as we build autonomous systems that affect the world in a direct physical matter, we risk bad actors doing it.

所以，當我們建立自主系統，以直接的物理物質影響世界時，我們就有可能是壞的行為者在做。

We risk glitches and errors causing physical harm.

我們有可能出現小故障和錯誤，造成人身傷害。

Using cars as weapons is unfortunately already a tactic used around the world.

不幸的是，把汽車作為武器已經是全世界都在使用的策略。

The good news is that perhaps far into the future, properly functioning autonomous cars won't allow humans to hit people.

好消息是，也許在遙遠的未來，功能正常的自動汽車不會允許人類打人。

It could neutralize this tactic of terrorism.

它可以中和這種恐怖主義的策略。

But if the cars can be controlled remotely or hacked and program to cause harm, it could bring on a whole new set of issues to see what's being done.

但如果汽車可以被遠程控制或被黑客入侵併編程造成傷害，可能會帶來一系列新的問題，看看是怎麼做的。

To make these systems more secure, I visited a company that actually started out in the video game industry and video now also makes the graphic processing chips that go into driverless cars.

為了讓這些系統更加安全，我走訪了一家公司，這家公司其實是以視頻遊戲行業起家的，視頻現在也在生產無人駕駛汽車的圖形處理芯片。

We've developed an artificial, intelligent brain for the car, and how they build those chips will have major impacts on the safety of future driverless cars.

我們已經為汽車開發了一個人工智能大腦，他們如何製造這些芯片將對未來無人駕駛汽車的安全性產生重大影響。

What we're building is a computer first and then the car is built around.

我們要打造的是先有一臺電腦，然後再圍繞著汽車來打造。

It were essentially building a map of the world in real time based on what we sense we had cameras, ultrasonic sensors, radars, light are, which is a laser scanner and each of those sensors air generating a massive amount of data.

它本質上是根據我們的感覺來建立一個實時的世界地圖，我們有攝影機，超音波傳感器，雷達，光是，這是一個脈衝光掃描儀，每個這些傳感器都會產生大量的數據。

Data collection is crucial for allowing these cars to function.

數據收集是讓這些汽車發揮作用的關鍵。

But like Security, it also raises questions about how the information gathered from our personal lives will be used.

但與安全一樣，它也提出了關於如何使用從我們個人生活中收集的資訊的問題。

The new technology has theater tension of privacy advocates like Lauren Smith at the Future of Privacy Forum in Washington, D.

新技術讓勞倫-史密斯這樣的隱私倡導者在華盛頓特區的未來隱私論壇上產生了劇場張力。

C.

C.

A group that explores issues with all sorts of home gadgets like Amazon Echo's Alexa System drones, even smart dolls.

一個探討亞馬遜Echo的Alexa系統無人機，甚至智能娃娃等各種家庭小工具問題的小組。

Alexa, are you spying on me?

Alexa，你在監視我嗎？

E only send audio back to Amazon when I hear you say The Wake word and now autonomous cars.

E只有當我聽到你說《喚醒》這個詞和現在的自主汽車時，才會把音頻發回給亞馬遜。

It's important that people start to think about their cars in the same way that they think about their computer or smartphone.

重要的是，人們開始以思考電腦或智能手機的方式來思考他們的汽車。

So if you use a technology like this that relies on connectivity that relies on data inputs and outputs, you are creating sort of an information trail, you know, data has good and bad uses.

所以，如果你使用這樣一種技術，依靠連接，依靠數據輸入和輸出，你就是在創造一種資訊線索，你知道，數據有好的用途和壞的用途。

There's some very powerful reasons to collect data about us in our society and put it together so we could do research.

有一些非常強大的原因，收集我們社會上的數據，把它放在一起，我們就可以做研究。

We could better deliver services.

我們可以更好地提供服務。

Smart government is the wave of the future, but the same data can be used for surveillance for control.

智慧政務是未來的浪潮，但同樣的數據也可以用來監視控制。

I don't really think any government is prepared for the Internet of things and what it's going to dio thes air computers that affect the world in direct physical manner.

我真的不認為任何一個政府都準備好了物聯網，以及它將直接以物理方式影響世界的空中計算機。

And there are risks toe life and property.

而且生命和財產都有風險。

Largely Western governments have taken a very hands off view the regulation of the Internet, United States especially, and that works great when it didn't matter when it was data, when it was a spreadsheet, when it was conversation.

主要是西方國家政府對互聯網的監管採取了非常放任的觀點，尤其是美國，當它是數據的時候，當它是電子表格的時候，當它是對話的時候，這很管用。

But when it's a car, when it's a medical device, when it's an appliance, when it can actually do physical harm, that changes everything.

但是，當它是一輛汽車，當它是一個醫療設備，當它是一個電器，當它可以真正做到物理傷害，這改變了一切。