My name is Esther.

我的名字是以斯帖。

I'm so excited to teach you the present simple tense in today's video.

很高興在今天的視頻中教大家現在的簡單時態。

Now this lesson can be a little difficult,

現在這節課可能有點難度。

so I'll do my best to keep it easy and fun for you.

所以，我會盡我所能，讓你輕鬆有趣。

My goal is for you to understand how and when to use this grammar by the end of the video.

我的目標是讓你在視頻結束前瞭解如何以及何時使用這種文法。

Let's get started.

我們開始吧

Let's start with the first usage for the present simple tense.

我們先說說現在的簡單時態的第一種用法。

The first usage is pretty easy.

第一種用法很簡單。

We use it to talk about facts, truths, and generalizations.

我們用它來談論事實、真理和概括。

Let's look at some examples.

我們來看看一些例子。

'The Sun is bright.'

'太陽是光明的'。

Now that's a fact.

現在這是一個事實。

It doesn't change.

它不會改變。

Everybody knows that the Sun is bright.

大家都知道，太陽是光明的。

It was bright yesterday.

昨天很亮。

It's bright today.

今天的天氣很亮。

And it will be bright tomorrow.

而明天會很亮。

That makes it a fact.

這就成了事實。

'Pigs don't fly.'

"豬不會飛。

That's also a fact.

這也是一個事實。

Everybody knows that pigs don't fly.

大家都知道豬是不會飛的。

'Cats are better than dogs.'

'貓比狗好'。

Now this you may not agree with.

現在這個你可能不同意。

This is my truth.

這就是我的真相。

I'm making a generalization about cats and dogs in this example.

我在這個例子中對貓和狗做了一個概括。

And finally, 'It's cold in winter.'

最後，"冬天很冷"。

This really depends on where you live, but for a lot of people, or let's say for

這真的取決於你住在哪裡，但對於很多人來說，或者說對於

most people, it is cold in the winter,

大多數人，冬天很冷。

so that's the truth for some people.

所以，這是事實的一些人。

Now let's look back and see what verb I used in the present simple tense.

現在我們回過頭來看看我用的是什麼動詞的現在簡單時態。

For the first sentence, we have 'is'.

第一句，我們有'是'。

I use the 'be' verb 'is' to talk about the Sun.

我用'是'動詞'是'來談太陽。

In the next sentence, I use the negative of do - 'do not'

在接下來的句子中，我用了do的否定詞--"不"。

And you'll notice I use the contraction and put these two words together to make it 'don't'.

而且你會注意到我用的是收縮詞，把這兩個詞放在一起就是 "不要"。

'Cats are better than dogs.'

'貓比狗好'。

I use the 'be' verb "are" to talk about cats because 'cats' is plural.

我用 "是 "這個動詞來談論貓，因為 "貓 "是複數。

And finally, it's cold and winter.

最後，天冷了，冬天了。

Here I use the 'be' verb "is" again,

這裡我又用了'是'的動詞 "是"。

but I use the contraction to combine 'it' and 'is'

但我用的是 "它 "和 "是 "的結合詞

and made 'it's'.

並做了'它的'。

Let's move on to the next usage.

我們接著說下一個用法。

We also use the present simple tense to talk about habits and routines.

我們也用現在的簡單時態來談論習慣和常規。

So things and actions that happen regularly.

所以經常發生的事情和行為。

Let's look at the examples.

我們來看看這些例子。

'I always eat lunch at noon.'

'我總是在中午吃午飯。

You'll notice I use the adverb 'always' because I'm talking about something that I

你會注意到我用了副詞 "總是"，因為我說的東西，我。

do regularly.

做定期。

What is that?

那是什麼？

'Eat lunch at noon.'

'中午吃午飯'。

So I use the present simple tense.

所以我用的是現在的簡單時態。

And here I use the verb 'eat'.

而這裡我用的是動詞'吃'。

'I eat…'

"我吃...

The second example says you play games every day.

第二個例子說你每天都在玩遊戲。

Do you see the clue that helps you know that this is something that happens regularly?

你看到的線索能幫助你知道這是經常發生的事情嗎？

It's 'every day'.

這是'每天'。

So it's something that happens as a routine or a habit,

所以它是作為一種常規或習慣發生的事情。

so you play games.

所以你玩遊戲。

The verb here is 'play'.

這裡的動詞是'玩'。

'You play…'

你玩...

The next example says 'Seth starts work at 9:00 a.m. daily.'

下一個例子說'賽斯每天早上9點開始工作'。

Again this is something that happens regularly.

同樣這也是經常發生的事情。

'Seth goes to work at 9:00 a.m.' every day.

'賽斯每天早上9點上班'。

Now you'll notice I put a blue line under the 's' in 'starts'.

現在你會注意到我在 "開始 "的 "s "下面加了一條藍線。

Can you figure out why?

你能找出原因嗎？

Well remember that when the subject of a sentence is 'he', 'she', or 'it',

好吧，記住，當一個句子的主語是 "他"、"她 "或 "它 "時。

we need to add an 's' or 'es' to the end of the verb in the present simple tense.

我們需要在現在簡單時態的動詞末尾加上's'或'es'。

Seth is a 'he', so we need to add an 's'.

Seth是個 "他"，所以我們要加個 "s"。

'Seth starts work at 9:00 a.m. daily.'

'賽斯每天早上9點開始工作。

And the last example: 'They study English every Monday.'

而最後一個例子："他們每週一都會學習英語。

Again, 'every Monday' means that they do it regularly,

同樣，'每週一'是指他們定期進行。

and that's why we use the present simple tense.

這就是為什麼我們用現在的簡單時態。

'They study…'.

'他們研究......'。

So as a review, remember we use the present simple tense

所以作為複習，記得我們用的是現在的簡單時態。

to talk about habits and routines that happen regularly.

來談談經常發生的習慣和常規。

Let's move on.

讓我們繼續前進。

We also use the present simple tense with non-continuous verbs.

我們也用現在的簡單時態與非連續動詞。

These are verbs that we don't use in the continuous form,

這些都是我們不使用連續形式的動詞。

even if they're happening right now.

即使他們現在正在發生。

They're also called stative verbs.

它們也被稱為定語動詞。

These are connected with thoughts, opinions, feelings, emotions, and our five senses.

這些都與思想、觀點、感覺、情緒和我們的五官有關。

Let's look at these examples.

我們來看看這些例子。

'I love my mom.'

'我愛我的媽媽。

The verb here is 'love'.

這裡的動詞是 "愛"。

That's an emotion, so I use the present simple tense.

這是一種情緒，所以我用的是現在的簡單時態。

'It smells good.'

'聞起來很香'。

'Smell' is one of the five senses, so I use the present simple tense.

'聞'是五官之一，所以我用現在的簡單時態。

You'll notice I underlined the 's' because remember the subject is 'it'.

你會注意到我在 "s "上加了下劃線，因為記住主題是 "它"。

'Kelly feels happy.'

'凱莉感覺很幸福。

This is talking about a feeling.

這說的是一種感覺。

Again the subject here is 'Kelly' which is a 'she',

這裡的主體又是'Kelly'，是個'她'。

so I added an 's' to the verb.

所以我在動詞後面加了一個's'。

And finally, 'They need help.'

最後，"他們需要幫助"。

We don't say, 'they are needing help' even though it's happening right now.

我們不說，'他們需要幫助'，即使它現在正在發生。

'Need' is non-continuous, so we say, 'they need help',

'需要'是非連續的，所以我們說，'他們需要幫助'。

so remember you also use the present simple tense with non-continuous verbs,

所以記住你也要用現在的簡單時態與非連續動詞。

connected with thoughts, opinions, feelings, emotions, and our five senses.

與思想、觀點、感情、情緒和我們的五官有關。

Let's move on.

讓我們繼續前進。

Speakers occasionally use the present simple tense to talk about something that will happen

演講者偶爾會用現在的簡單時態來談論將要發生的事情。

in the near future.

在不久的將來。

Now this can be a little confusing, but we're not using the future tense,

現在這可能會讓人有些困惑，但我們沒有使用未來時態。

we're using the present simple tense.

我們用的是現在的簡單時態。

It's possible to do that and it's actually common for people to do that.

這是可以做到的，其實大家也很常見。

Again, for something that will happen in the near future.

同樣，對於不久的將來會發生的事情。

Let's look at the examples.

我們來看看這些例子。

'I have class at 6 p.m.'

"我下午六點有課

'6 p.m.' that's pretty soon, so I can say,

'下午六點'，那是相當快，所以我可以說。

'I have class.'

'我有課。

- the present simple tense.

- 現在的簡單時態。

'Lisa arrives on Sunday.'

'麗莎週日到。

Again the near future, 'Sunday'.

同樣是不久的將來，'星期天'。

So I use the present simple tense.

所以我用的是現在的簡單時態。

I added an 's' at the end of arrive, because Lisa, the subject, is a 'she'.

我在 "到達 "的結尾加了一個 "s"，因為主語Lisa是一個 "她"。

'We start work soon.'

'我們馬上就要開始工作了'。

Again, the near future, 'soon',

同樣是近期，'很快'。

so I use the present simple verb 'start'.

所以我用現在的簡單動詞'開始'。

And finally, 'My students come tomorrow.'

最後，"我的學生明天來"。

This is something that will happen in the near future,

這是在不久的將來會發生的事情。

so I use the verb 'come'.

所以我用動詞'來'。

So remember it is possible, and it is common to use the present simple tense

所以，請記住這是可能的，常用的是現在的簡單時態。

to talk about something that will happen in the near future.

來談論一些將在不久的將來發生的事情。

Let's go to the next usage.

讓我們進入下一個用法。

Let's talk about a possible negative usage for the present simple tense,

我們來談談現在的簡單時態可能的否定用法。

and that is 'do not' and 'does not'.

那就是'不要'和'不'。

The first example says, 'Mike eats bread.'

第一個例子說，"邁克吃麵包"。

I put an 's' at the end of 'eat' because the subject is Mike which is a 'he'.

我在 "吃 "的末尾加了一個 "s"，因為主語是Mike，是一個 "他"。

Now that's not a negative statement.

現在，這不是一個消極的說法。

What happens when I want to turn it into a negative statement?

如果我想把它變成一個否定的聲明，會發生什麼？

Well I change it like this - 'Mike doesn't eat bread.'

好吧，我把它改成這樣--"邁克不吃麵包"。

So you'll notice that I didn't move the 's' here, okay.

所以你會注意到，我沒有移動這裡的 "s"，好嗎。

Instead I added 'doesn't'.

而我卻加上了 "不"。

I took 'does' and 'not' and I turned it into a contraction by combining the two

我把 "是 "和 "不是 "結合起來，變成了一個收縮詞

and making it 'doesn't'.

並使其'不'。

So if the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it',

所以如果主語是 "他"、"她 "或 "它"。

we use 'does not' or 'doesn't' to make it negative.

我們用'不'或'不'來表示否定。

'You swim well.'

"你遊得很好。

In this case, I don't need to put an 's' at the end of 'swim' because the subject

在這種情況下，我不需要在 "遊 "的結尾加上 "s"，因為主語是

is 'you'.

是'你'。

If I want to make this sentence negative, I use 'don't'.

如果我想讓這個句子變成否定句，我就用 "不要"。

'You don't swim well.'

'你遊得不好'。

I use the contraction for 'do' and 'not'.

我用的是'做'和'不做'的收縮詞。

I combine them to make 'don't',

我把它們結合起來做'不要'。

so if the subject is 'I', 'you', 'we', or 'they',

所以如果主語是 "我"、"你"、"我們 "或 "他們"。

we use 'do not' or 'don't'.

我們用 "不要 "或 "不要"。

So to review 'do not' and 'does not' or 'don't' and 'doesn't'

所以要審查'不要'和'不'或'不要'和'不'。

is a possible usage for the negative for present simple

是現在簡單的否定式的可能用法。

tense.

時態。

Let's continue on.

讓我們繼續往前走。

Now I'll talk about one possible question form for the present simple tense

現在我說說現在簡單時態的一種可能的問題形式

and that is by using 'do' or 'does'.

而這是通過使用'做'或'做'。

So let's look at the example, 'They live here.'

所以我們看一下這個例子，"他們住在這裡"。

That's not a question, right?

這不是問題吧？

'They live here'

"他們住在這裡

In order to turn it into a question, it's really simple.

要想把它變成一個問題，其實很簡單。

All I have to do is add 'do' to the beginning and add a question mark at the end.

我只要在開頭加上'do'，在結尾加個問號就可以了。

'Do they live here?'

'他們住在這裡嗎？

So if the subject is 'I', 'you', 'we', or 'they',

所以如果主語是 "我"、"你"、"我們 "或 "他們"。

simply add 'do' to the beginning of the question.

只要在問題的開頭加上'do'即可。

How about this one, 'He plays soccer.'

這個怎麼樣，"他踢足球"。

In this statement, the subject is 'he' and that's why you should know by now,

在這句話中，主體是'他'，所以你現在應該知道了。

I have an 's' at the end of 'play'.

我在 "播放 "的最後有一個 "s"。

However, to turn this into a question, I add 'does' at the beginning.

但是，為了把這變成一個問題，我在開頭加上了 "does"。

'Does he play soccer?'

'他踢球嗎？

What you'll notice here is that I no longer have the 's' at the end of play.

你會注意到這裡的是，我在播放結束時不再有 "s"。

Instead I just used 'does' at the beginning,

而我只是在開頭用了'does'。

so for 'he', 'she', or 'it', put 'does' at the beginning,

所以對於 "他"、"她 "或 "它"，在開頭加上 "做"。

and don't worry about putting an 's' or 'es' at the end of the verb.

而且不用擔心在動詞末尾加上's'或'es'。

So to review, one possible way of forming a question for the present simple tense is

所以複習一下，現在的簡單時態的一種可能的組題方式是

using 'do' or 'does' at the beginning.

在開頭使用'do'或'does'。

Alright let's move on.

好吧，讓我們繼續前進。

Let's start with the first checkup.

先從第一次體檢開始吧。

In this checkup, I want you to focus on the 'be' verbs.

在這次檢查中，我想讓大家重點關注 "被 "字動詞。

Remember 'be' verbs, in the present simple tense, can be 'is', 'am', or 'are'.

記住'be'動詞，在現在的簡單時態下，可以是'是'、'是'或'是'。

Take a look at the first sentence.

看看第一句話。

It says, 'She _ blank _ at school.'

上面寫著："她_在學校裡一片空白"。

The subject of this sentence is 'she'.

這句話的主語是'她'。

What 'be' verb do we use for 'she'?

'她'的'被'動詞是什麼？

The correct answer is 'is'.

正確答案是 "是"。

Now if you were thinking of the negative, the

現在，如果你想的是消極的，是的。

correct answer would be 'she isn't'

正確答案是 "她不是

or 'she is not'.

或'她不是'。

That's correct as well.

這也是正確的。

And if we want to use a contraction for 'she is', we can say 'she's at school'

如果我們想用 "她是 "的縮略語，我們可以說 "她在學校

For the next one, it says, 'They _ blank _ twenty years old.'

對於下一個，它說，'他們_空白_二十歲'。

The subject of this sentence is 'they'.

這句話的主語是'他們'。

What 'be' verb do we use for 'they'?

我們用什麼'be'動詞來表示'他們'？

The correct answer is 'are'.

正確答案是 "是"。

For the negative, you can also use 'aren't' or 'are not'.

對於否定詞，也可以用 "不是 "或 "不是"。

Also if you want to use the contraction for 'they are', you can say,

另外，如果你想用'他們是'的縮略語，你可以說。

'They're 20 years old.'

'他們是20歲。

The next sentence says, 'His father _ blank_ busy.'

下一句說："他的父親_空白_忙"。

The subject of this sentence is 'his father'.

這句話的主語是'他的父親'。

What subject pronoun do we use for 'his father'?

"他的父親 "用什麼主語代詞？

The correct answer is 'he'.

正確答案是 "他"。

Remember for 'he', 'she', 'it', the 'be' verb is 'is'.

記住對於'他'、'她'、'它'，'be'動詞是'是'。

For the negative, we can say 'isn't' or 'is not'.

對於否定詞，我們可以說 "不是 "或 "不是"。

And for a contraction, for 'father' and 'is', we can say, 'His father's busy.'

而對於 "父親 "和 "是 "的收縮，我們可以說，"他父親很忙"。

Now I want you to try to find the mistakes in this sentence.

現在我要你試著找出這句話中的錯誤。

'We isn't good friends.'

'我們不是好朋友。

Did you find the mistake?

你發現錯誤了嗎？

This is the mistake.

這就是錯誤。

The subject is 'we' and the 'be' verb is 'are'.

主語是'我們'，'被'動詞是'是'。

Therefore, the correct answer is 'we are not',

是以，正確答案是'我們不是'。

or the contraction, 'we aren't good friends.'

或者是收縮詞，"我們不是好朋友"。

The next sentence.

下一句話。

Can you find the mistake?

你能找到錯誤的地方嗎？

'Are John a teacher?'

'約翰是老師嗎？

Think about the subject of this sentence.

想一想這句話的主語。

The subject is 'John'.

對象是'約翰'。

And 'John', the subject pronoun is 'he'.

而'約翰'，主語代詞是'他'。

Therefore, we don't use 'are', we use 'is'.

所以，我們不用 "是"，我們用 "是"。

'Is John a teacher?'

'約翰是老師嗎？

'Is John a teacher?'

'約翰是老師嗎？

And finally, 'It am a puppy.'

最後，"它是一隻小狗"。

hmm This one is a big mistake.

hmm這個是個大錯誤。

The subject here is 'it'.

這裡的主題是 "它"。

What 'be' verb do we use for 'it'?

我們用什麼'是'動詞來表示'它'？

The correct answer is 'is'.

正確答案是 "是"。

So we don't say, 'It am a puppy,' we say, 'It is a puppy.'

所以我們不說，'它是一隻小狗'，我們說，'它是一隻小狗'。

Great job guys.

偉大的工作的傢伙。

Let's move on to the next checkup.

我們繼續進行下一次檢查。

For the next checkup, I want you to think of some other verbs in the present simple

在下一次檢查中，我希望你能想到一些其他的動詞，在現在的簡單的

tense.

時態。

Take a look at the first sentence.

看看第一句話。

'He __ blank __ …', I want you to think of the verb, 'like his dinner'.

'他__空白__......'，我想讓你想到動詞，'像他的晚餐'。

What do we do to the verb when the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'?

當主語是 "他"、"她 "或 "它 "時，我們該如何處理動詞？

Remember we add an 's'.

記住，我們加個 "s"。

'He likes his dinner.'

'他喜歡他的晚餐。

For the negative, you can also say, 'He doesn't like his dinner.'

對於消極的，你也可以說："他不喜歡他的晚餐"。

The next sentence says, 'My students __ blank __…', I want you to think of 'need',

下句說："我的學生__空白__......"，我希望你能想到 "需要"。