Have you ever just sat on a beach and looked out across the ocean and just thought to yourself, Man, if I went in a straight line from where I am now, how far would I go until I hit more land or from where you are right now, as you're watching this video, how far could you travel in a straight line on land before you run out of land?

你是否曾經坐在沙灘上，望著大海，心想：夥計，如果我從現在的位置走直線，我會走多遠，直到遇到更多的陸地，或者從你現在的位置，你正在看這個視頻，你在陸地上走直線能走多遠，才會用完陸地？

Maybe I'm just weird, but I've been thinking lately about what's the furthest straight line.

也許我只是奇怪，但我最近一直在思考什麼是最遠的直線。

You could move across the Earth's surface in both of these categories.

你可以在這兩類人中在地球表面移動。

It's a little confusing to really wrap your head around this one, because we're often used to imagining the Earth in a two dimensional space like a map.

要真正繞過這個問題，有點讓人困惑，因為我們常常習慣於把地球想象成地圖一樣的二維空間。

So most of the time thinking about this, you'll come up with pretty boring answers, like maybe Australia to South America.

所以大多數時候思考這個問題，你會得出很無聊的答案，比如可能澳洲到南美。

But when we transform our thinking into a glow, but the answer is get a lot more interesting and a lot more crazy.

但當我們把思維轉化為光芒的時候，但答案卻會變得更有趣，更瘋狂。

But before all the hate comments come pouring in, though, it's true that's no distance between two points across the Earth's surface is truly flats.

但在所有的仇恨評論湧來之前，雖然，這是真的，沒有兩點之間的距離穿過地球表面是真正的平坦。

This may seem true enough on a map, but on the globe with um, or correct shape.

這在地圖上可能看起來很真實，但在地球儀上，嗯，還是正確的形狀。

A line from Point A to point B more resembles an arc in empty space.

從A點到B點的直線更像空隙中的弧線。

If you delete the globe in geometry, Thes arts form part of what's called a great circle, basically an imaginary circle drawn around an entire sphere.

如果你刪除幾何學中的地球儀，這些藝術形成了所謂的大圓的一部分，基本上是圍繞整個球體繪製的一個虛圓。

The longest straight line across an ocean without touching any land, therefore, has to lie across an arc on one of these great circles around the earth.

是以，橫跨海洋而不觸及任何陸地的最長直線，必須橫跨在這些繞地球的大圓上的一條弧線上。

But first I need to share with you some equally interesting lines between points that you probably would never imagined by simply looking at a map.

但首先我需要和大家分享一些同樣有趣的點與點之間的線條，這些線條可能是你單純看地圖所無法想象的。

And first among those is the straight line across water connecting Italy with Venezuela.

而其中第一條就是連接意大利和委內瑞拉的跨水直線。

Yes, that's right on a map.

是的，就在地圖上。

This looks dumb, but here's how it actually works out.

這看起來很蠢，但實際上是這樣的。

In reality, you only have about a six mile stretch of shoreline around the town of Paul, me in Italy to work with here.

實際上，你只有大約六英里長的海岸線在保羅鎮周圍，我在意大利，在這裡工作。

But if you stay within the borders of the line.

但如果你待在線的邊界內。

You'll eventually make it all the way to Venezuela.

你最終會一路走到委內瑞拉。

You're going to just squeeze through the northern part of the Strait of Gibraltar and then just barely miss the island of Madeira before finally landing over on the other side.

你要擠過直布羅陀海峽的北部，然後勉強錯過馬德拉島，最後在另一邊降落。

But it is possible, which I guess helps explain why Venezuela is named after Venice and has so many Italians.

但這是可能的，我想這有助於解釋為什麼委內瑞拉以威尼斯命名，並有這麼多意大利人。

You can also start in Norway and sail in a straight line up and eventually arrived in Antarctica over on the other side of the world without ever touching any other land.

你也可以從挪威開始，直線上升航行，最終到達地球另一邊的南極洲，而不曾接觸過其他任何陸地。

This seems weird, but again, here's how it actually plays out.

這看起來很奇怪，但實際上又是這樣的。

You have to start in a very narrow stretch of coast again on the western side of Norway and head so far north that you eventually begin heading south.

你又要從挪威西邊的一段非常狹窄的海岸開始，然後向北走，最終開始向南走。

You cross between Svalbard and Greenland, just barely squeeze through the Bering Strait between Alaska and Russia.

你從斯瓦爾巴和格陵蘭之間穿過，勉強擠過阿拉斯加和俄羅斯之間的白令海峽。

You'll just barely squeeze through again when you're passing through the Illusion Islands and a long way later across the Pacific, you'll barely skirt past Samoa, but from there on, it's a straight shot all the way over to Antarctica.

當你經過幻影群島的時候，你又會勉強擠過去，再過很遠的太平洋，你會勉強掠過薩摩亞，但從那裡開始，就會一路直奔南極洲。

But unfortunately, it's not the part of Antarctica, which has already claimed by Norway, which is a big shame.

但遺憾的是，這裡並不是南極洲的部分，已經被挪威認領了，這是一個很大的遺憾。

In my opinion.

在我看來。

It lands instead in the Onley part of Antarctica, which no country in the world currently claims yet.

而是降落在南極洲的昂利地區，目前世界上還沒有任何一個國家對其提出要求。

So I feel like this is a pretty good qualification for Norway to just call dips.

所以，我覺得這對挪威來說是一個很好的資格，只是叫跌。

Now you could probably spend forever looking at a globe and drawing lines between points, just hoping that you'll eventually discover the longest one.

現在，你可能會永遠地看著一個地球儀，在點與點之間畫線，只是希望你最終能發現最長的那條線。

But forever isn't exactly an understatement.

但永遠不完全是輕描淡寫。

On a global map.

在全球地圖上。

With a resolution of 1.85 kilometers, you'll encounter over 230 billion possible great circles.

以1.85公里的分辨率，你會遇到超過2300億個可能的大圓。

The loop around it and each of these great circles consists of 21,600 individual points, which add together to form over five trillion possible points.

圍繞它的環形圈和每一個大圓圈都由21600個單獨的點組成，這些點加在一起，形成了超過5萬億個可能的點。

For you to consider.

供你考慮。

Finding the longest possible straight line in all of that is like finding a needle in a haystack.

在這一切中尋找最長的直線，就像大海撈針。

Or you could create a computer program to just do everything for you like these two guys did.

或者你可以創建一個計算機程序，像這兩個傢伙一樣，為你做一切事情。

The algorithm that they developed to prove the longest straight line across water was nothing short of genius.

他們開發出的證明過水直線最長的算法，簡直是天才。

They exploited a technique that's known as a branch and bound towards cartography, and it essentially works by considering every potential solution to a problem as branches of a tree.

他們利用了一種被稱為分支和綁定的技術來實現製圖，它的基本工作原理是將問題的每一個潛在解決方案視為樹的分支。

Rather than evaluating each solution individually, the algorithm simply checks an entire branch for the optimal solution found inside.

該算法不是單獨評估每個解，而是簡單地檢查整個分支，尋找裡面的最優解。

Every branch has a better or a worse solution to the problem, so if the algorithm detects a worse solution, it discards the entire branch.

每個分支都有一個較好或較差的解，所以如果算法檢測到一個較差的解，就會丟棄整個分支。

But if it contains a better solution, it replaces it in place of the old one.

但如果它包含了更好的解決方案，它就會代替舊的解決方案。

This process continued until Bam!

這個過程一直持續到Bam!

The computer came back with a proven longest straight line between two points of land on the earth's surface, and it's a weird one.

計算機得出了地球表面兩點陸地之間的一條經過驗證的最長直線，而且是一條奇怪的直線。

If you start in southern Pakistan and head south, you could eventually hit Russia without ever touching another piece of land, which looks super weird and super click baby on a map.

如果你從巴基斯坦南部開始往南走，你最終可以打到俄羅斯，而不需要觸及另一塊土地，這在地圖上看起來超級詭異，超級點擊寶貝。

But here's how it actually checks out.

但實際檢查情況是這樣的。

You begin in San Mignoni in Baluchistan, Pakistan, and head across this line.

你從巴基斯坦俾路支斯坦的聖米格諾尼開始，穿過這條線。

You passed nearby Somalia, so try not to get Captain Philip along the way.

你經過索馬里附近，所以儘量不要讓菲利普船長沿途。

Once passed that you'll cross between Africa and Madagascar and pass through the doldrums for the first time.

一旦過了這個關口，你就會在非洲和馬拉加西之間穿行，並第一次穿過谷底。

If you brought a sailboat with you, you could get screwed pretty hard here because the wind can sometimes stop for weeks on end.

如果你帶了一艘帆船，你可能會被這裡的風吹得很慘，因為風有時會停幾個星期。

But hopefully you brought a motor that didn't get stolen by the pirates and you've gotten yourself through.

但希望你帶的馬達沒有被海盜偷走，你自己也能過關。

So now you cross the Atlantic before sliding in through the Drake passage between South America and Antarctica, which is quite possibly the most dangerous body of water in the world.

所以現在你要穿越大西洋，然後滑入南美洲和南極洲之間的德雷克通道，這很可能是世界上最危險的水體。

Wind speeds could get up to 80 MPH here, which helps to generate huge waves, extremely strong currents and with the added complexity of poor visibility.

這裡的風速可以達到80英里/小時，這有助於產生巨浪，極強的電流，並增加了能見度差的複雜性。

Year round you may wish that you had just gotten kidnapped by the pirates back near Somalia.

一年四季，你可能希望自己剛剛被海盜綁架回索馬里附近。

The survival odds maybe higher, depending on how crappy your boat iss.

生存機率或許更高，這要看你的船有多爛。

Anyway, if you get through that, you only have to sail across literally the entire Pacific Ocean and through the most empty part of the planets.

總之，如果你能通過這個，你只需要駛過字面上的整個太平洋，穿過行星最空曠的部分。

You'll be pretty nearby.

你會很附近。

Two Point Nemo here, which is literally the furthest point away in the ocean from any land.

這裡的兩點尼莫，是海洋中離任何陸地最遠的一點。

If you run into trouble out here, the closest other humans to you will often be the astronauts occasionally orbiting above you aboard the International Space Station.

如果你在這裡遇到了麻煩，離你最近的其他人類往往是國際空間站上偶爾在你上方運行的太空人。

You'll be several days, tow weeks away from any actual help that could come to you from an inhabited part of the world.

你將會有幾天，甚至幾周的時間遠離任何可能來自世界上有人居住的地方的實際幫助 You'll be several days, tow weeks away from any actual help that could come to you from an inhabited part of the world.

And that's even if you had the ability to signal for help.

而且就算你有能力發出求救信號。

So, like try not to do anything dumb or you'll be wishing for the pirates.

所以，比如說盡量不要做傻事，否則你就會對海盜抱有希望。

Once again.

再一次。

You also have to pass back through the doldrums over on this side of the world here, so sailboats run an extra hazard of getting trapped again.

在這邊的世界上，你還得從谷底中回過頭來，所以帆船又多了一個被困的危險。

But when you finally get to the other side of the line, you'll hit land in the car Roginsky district of the Kamchatka Krai in Russia after sailing across roughly 80% of the entire Earth circumference and more importantly, achieving something that nobody before in history has ever done.

但當你最終到達彼岸時，你將在俄羅斯堪察加邊疆區的汽車羅金斯基區，在駛過整個地球周長的80%左右後，打到陸地上，更重要的是，實現了歷史上前無古人的事情。

Plenty of people have circumnavigated the globe before, but that's boring compared to this.

以前有很多人環遊過地球，但與此相比，那就太無聊了。

So get out there and do your research and planning and do something great like this.

所以要出去做調查和規劃，做一些這樣的大事。

Of course, planning and research for anything takes both practice and effort.

當然，任何事情的規劃和研究都需要實踐和努力。

If you're going to go on an adventure sailing in a straight line across the ocean, or if you want to study a globe to find your own weird lines to impress people at the bar with you need to understand how the planet works, as in what is the actual shape of earth?

如果你要去冒險航行在大洋彼岸的直線上，或者你想研究一個地球儀，找到自己的怪異線條來打動酒吧裡的人，你需要了解地球的工作原理，比如地球的實際形狀是什麼？

How does the weather work or how does the earth rotates?

天氣是如何運作的，或者說地球是如何旋轉的？

But all of these things are also concepts that you can learn about in brilliant physics.

但這些東西也都是輝煌物理學中可以學習的概念。

Of the everyday course, Brilliant is the best place to learn complex things, such as physics, geometry or really any field of math and science.

在日常課程中，Brilliant是學習複雜事物的最佳場所，如物理、幾何或真正的任何數學和科學領域。

Not only do they have all of their fabulously designed courses, they also have the goal of helping you get a little smarter every day.

他們不僅有所有設計精妙的課程，還以幫助你每天變得更聰明一點為目標。

A Siris of daily challenges.

一個每天都在挑戰的Siris。

So in just five minutes, while you're waiting for the bus, your coffee, your classes, start or whatever, you can challenge yourself with one of these and then if it gets your interest, each is linked to one of their full eight courses as well.

是以，在短短的五分鐘內，當你在等公車、喝咖啡、上課、開始或其他什麼的時候，你可以用其中的一個來挑戰自己，然後如果它引起了你的興趣，每一個都會鏈接到他們完整的八門課程之一以及。

You can try brilliant and support this channel by signing up for free at a brilliant dot org's slash real life floor.

你可以在輝煌點點網的斜槓真人樓免費註冊，試試輝煌，支持這個頻道。

However, the 1st 200 people to go to that link will also get 20% off the annual premium subscription.

不過，前200名進入該鏈接的人還將獲得年度高級訂閱的8折優惠。

Thank you for watching, and I'll see you again next week.

謝謝你的觀看，下週再見。