Name: 活著的每一天，你都在影響著地球｜簡-古道爾 (Every day you live, you impact the planet | Jane Goodall)
Uploaded: 2020-10-30T18:13:06.000Z
Duration: 25 min 15 s

Chris Anderson: Dr. Jane Goodall, welcome.

克里斯-安德森Jane Goodall博士 歡迎

and I think, you know, we couldn't have a complete interview

我想，你知道，我們不可能有一個完整的採訪。

除非人們知道H先生和我在一起。

you warned us about the dangers of humans crowding out the natural world.

你警告過我們關於人類排擠自然界的危險。

that the current pandemic is kind of, nature striking back?

目前的流行病是一種，大自然的反擊？

JG: It's very, very clear that these zoonotic diseases,

JG：非常非常清楚，這些人畜共患病。

and all sorts of other diseases that we catch from animals,

以及其他各種我們從動物身上感染的疾病。

that's partly to do with destruction of the environment,

which, as animals lose habitat, they get crowded together

當動物失去棲息地時，它們就會擠在一起。

and sometimes that means that a virus from a reservoir species,

而有時候，這意味著，來自水庫物種的病毒。

where it's lived harmoniously for maybe hundreds of years,

在那裡，它和諧地生活了也許幾百年。

then you also get animals being pushed into closer contact with humans.

然後，你也得到動物被推到更接近人類的接觸。

And sometimes one of these animals that has caught a virus can --

有時，這些動物中的一個 感染了病毒，可以... ...

you know, provides the opportunity for that virus to jump into people

你知道，提供了機會 該病毒跳到人身上

並創造一種新的疾病，如COVID-19。

我們殺了他們，我們吃了他們。

we send them off to the wild-animal markets

where they're in terrible, cramped conditions, in tiny cages,

在那裡，他們是在可怕的， 狹窄的條件，在小籠子裡。

with people being contaminated with blood and urine and feces,

與人們被血液和尿液及糞便汙染。

ideal conditions for a virus to spill from an animal to an animal,

病毒從動物身上擴散到動物身上的理想條件。

CA: I'd love to just dip backwards in time for a bit,

因為你的故事是如此的不平凡。

I mean, despite the arguably even more sexist attitudes of the 1960s,

我的意思是，儘管60年代的性別歧視態度可以說更加嚴重。

and become one of the world's leading scientists,

併成為世界頂尖的科學家之一。

discovering this astonishing series of facts about chimpanzees,

發現這一系列關於黑猩猩的驚人事實。

that allowed you to make such a breakthrough?

JG: Well, the thing is, I was born loving animals,

JG：嗯，問題是，我天生就喜歡動物。

and the most important thing was, I had a very supportive mother.

而最重要的是，我有一個非常支持我的母親。

She didn't get mad when she found earthworms in my bed,

當她在我的床上發現蚯蚓時，她並沒有生氣。

she just said they better be in the garden.

她只是說，他們最好是在花園裡。

And she didn't get mad when I disappeared for four hours

我消失了四個小時，她也沒有生氣。

and she called the police, and I was sitting in a hen house,

她打電話給警察， 我坐在一個母雞的房子。

because nobody would tell me where the hole was where the egg came out.

因為沒有人願意告訴我雞蛋出來的洞在哪裡。

because women didn't do that sort of thing.

In fact, there weren't any man doing it back then, either.

who said, "If you really want this, you're going to have to work awfully hard,

誰說的，"如果你真的想要這個，你將不得不非常努力。

if you don't give up, maybe you'll find a way."

如果你不放棄，也許你會找到一個方法。"

CA: And somehow, you were able to kind of, earn the trust of chimpanzees

CA：不知為何，你能夠贏得黑猩猩的信任。

Looking back, what were the most exciting moments that you discovered

回顧過去，你發現最激動人心的時刻是什麼？

or what is it that people still don't get about chimpanzees?

或者說，人們對黑猩猩還有什麼不明白的地方？

JG: Well, the thing is, you say, "See things nobody else had,

JG：嗯，事情是這樣的，你說，"看到別人沒有的東西。

So, basically, I used the same techniques

所以，基本上，我用同樣的技術

that I had to study the animals around my home when I was a child.

說我小時候要研究我家周圍的動物。

but it was awful, because the money was only for six months.

但它是可怕的，因為錢是隻有半年。

I mean, you can imagine how difficult to get money

我的意思是，你可以想象得到錢是多麼的困難。

對於一個沒有學位的年輕女孩來說。

to go and do something as bizarre as sitting in a forest.

去做一些奇怪的事情，就像坐在森林裡一樣。

we got money for six months from an American philanthropist,

我們從一個美國慈善家那裡得到了六個月的錢。

and I knew with time I'd get the chimps' trust,

我知道隨著時間的推移，我會得到黑猩猩的信任。

And weeks became months and then finally, after about four months,

而幾周變成了幾個月，最後，大約四個月後。

and it was he that on one occasion I saw --

I still wasn't really close, but I had my binoculars --

我仍然沒有真正的接近， 但我有我的雙筒望遠鏡 -

and I saw him using and making tools to fish for termites.

我看到他在使用和製造工具來釣白蟻。

And although I wasn't terribly surprised,

because I've read about things captive chimps could do --

因為我讀到過關於圈養黑猩猩的事情 --

that humans, and only humans, used and made tools.

人類，也只有人類才會使用和製造工具。

And I knew how excited  [Dr. Louis] Leakey would be.

我知道[路易斯]利基博士會多麼興奮。

that enabled him to go to the National Geographic,

and they said, "OK, we'll continue to support the research,"

他們說，"好吧，我們將繼續支持研究，"

and they sent Hugo van Lawick, the photographer-filmmaker,

他們派了雨果-範-勞克，攝影師-製片人。

So a lot of scientists didn't want to believe the tool-using.

所以很多科學家都不願意相信使用工具的。

In fact, one of them said I must have taught the chimps.

事實上，他們中的一個人說我一定是教了黑猩猩。

Since I couldn't get near them, it would have been a miracle.

既然我無法靠近他們，那就只能是奇蹟了。

但無論如何，當他們看到雨果的電影后

and that with all my descriptions of their behavior,

the scientists had to start changing their minds.

科學家們不得不開始改變他們的想法。

CA: And since then, numerous other discoveries

CA：從那時起，許多其他的發現。

that placed chimpanzees much closer to humans than people cared to believe.

這讓黑猩猩與人類的關係比人們願意相信的要密切得多。

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活著的每一天，你都在影響著地球｜簡-古道爾 (Every day you live, you impact the planet | Jane Goodall)

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