In a nutshell.

一言以蔽之：

Across the world and throughout history, people have believed in magic and special powers.

在世界各地和歷史上，人們都相信魔法和特殊的力量。

Those who have these powers might be able to heal the sick with herbs, bring good luck, tell fortunes or encourage plentiful harvests.

擁有這些能力的人，可能會用草藥治病，帶來好運，算命或鼓勵豐收。

But others are said to be evil, seeking to harm people with curses or terrible storms, written records of which is stretches far back as ancient Greece and Rome.

但其他人被說成是邪惡的，試圖用詛咒或可怕的風暴來傷害人們，其中的文字記錄是遠溯到古希臘和羅馬。

But it was in early modern Europe that the idea of a which as an evil old woman became common among Christians people at this time we're in something of a witch, Crace.

但正是在近代早期的歐洲，作為一個邪惡的老婦人的想法，成為基督徒的人在這個時候，我們在巫婆的東西，克雷斯的普遍。

They believed they lived in a world of invisible spirits such as demons, angels and saints, as well as magical objects and materials.

他們相信自己生活在一個無形的靈魂世界，如惡魔、天使和聖徒，以及神奇的物品和材料。

The most powerful people in society were very concerned with witches.

社會上最有權勢的人都很關注巫師。

King James the first even wrote a book all about, Um, women, and sometimes men were accused of being witches.

詹姆士王一世甚至寫了一本關於，嗯，女人，有時男人也被指控為女巫的書。

They were thought to use their magical powers for harm on, was sent to have made a pact with the devil, which is in England, were often thought tohave familiars, small animals that accompanied them everywhere.

他們被認為是使用他們的魔力傷害上，被派去與魔鬼達成了協議，這是在英國，往往被認為有familiars，小動物，伴隨著他們到處。

The which looked after the familiar and in return, it would help them with their magic.

哪些照顧熟悉的人，作為回報，它會幫助他們的魔法。

Familiars were often depicted as black cats but could also be rats, dogs, ferrets, birds, frogs or rabbits.

家屬通常被描繪成黑貓，但也可以是老鼠、狗、雪貂、鳥、青蛙或兔子。

If someone was accused of being a witch, they might be subjected to a swimming trial.

如果有人被指控為女巫，他們可能會受到游泳的審判。

They were stripped off their clothes, had their thumbs tied to their toes and were thrown into a river or a lake.

他們被剝去衣服，大拇指被綁在腳趾上，然後被扔進河裡或湖裡。

If they sank, they were declared innocent and usually rescued.

如果他們沉沒了，就會被宣佈無罪，通常會被救起。

If they floated, they were judged to be a witch.

如果他們漂浮起來，就會被判定為巫婆。

Witchcraft was made an official crime in England in 15 42.

英格蘭在15 42年將巫術定為正式犯罪。

Most of the people arrested were poor elderly women.

被捕者大多是貧窮的老年婦女。

In 15 66 Agnes Waterhouse became the first person in England to be executed for witchcraft after she was accused of being a witch by her sister, Elizabeth.

15 66年，艾格尼絲-沃特豪斯被姐姐伊麗莎白指控為女巫，成為英國第一個因巫術被處死的人。

It is thought that around 500 people in England were executed for witchcraft.

據認為，英國約有500人因巫術被處死。

Records exist for about 12,500 executions across Europe, although the true death toll is likely to be far higher.

歐洲各地約有12,500人被處決的記錄，但真正的死亡人數可能要高得多。

In England, people found guilty of witchcraft were hanged.

在英國，被判犯有巫術罪的人都會被絞死。

In Scotland, they were tied to a wooden pole and burned grim.

在蘇格蘭，他們被綁在一根木杆上，然後被燒得灰頭土臉。

Despite Aled these deaths, people still worried about witches, some engraved or burns letters and shapes into wooden beams and doorways to protect themselves against fire and witchcraft.

儘管阿勒德這些死亡，人們還是擔心女巫，有的人把字母和形狀刻在木樑和門口，以保護自己免受火災和巫術的侵害。

They used special objects to today.

他們用特殊的物體到今天。

People repairing old houses often find strange things hidden inside chimneys or under doorways.

修理老房子的人經常會發現煙囪裡或門洞下藏著奇怪的東西。

These include which bottles filled with things like metal nails, thorns, urine, human hair and nail clippings.

這些包括哪些瓶子裡裝著金屬釘、荊棘、尿液、人的頭髮和指甲剪等東西。

People also head shoes, clothes, knives and animal hearts stuck with pins, which were thought to stop witches and other spirits from entering the house.

人們還將鞋子、衣服、刀子和動物的心臟用針頭扎住，認為這樣可以阻止巫師和其他鬼魂進入屋內。

So why were people so afraid of witches?

那麼，人們為什麼那麼害怕巫師呢？

Well, at the time when most witch trials in England took place, the country was rife with war sickness, plague on conflicts, about religious beliefs.

好吧，在英國大多數女巫審判發生的時候，這個國家充斥著戰爭疾病，衝突瘟疫，關於宗教信仰。

The weather also became much colder at this time.

此時，天氣也變得寒冷了許多。

In a period known as the little Ice Age, harvests often failed on.

在一個被稱為小冰河時期的時期，收成常常失敗在。

People were hungry.

人們都餓了。

They needed someone to blame and so turned against their elderly neighbors.

他們需要有人來指責，所以對老鄰居反目成仇。

Eventually, changing attitudes meant that people stopped accusing others of being witches on the law against witchcraft was changed in 17 36 but the image often old witchy woman with her broomstick, black cat, pointy hat and cackling laugh has endured.

最終，態度的改變意味著人們不再指責別人是女巫對巫術的法律在17 36年被改變，但形象往往老巫婆與她的掃帚，黑貓，尖尖的帽子和咯咯的笑聲經久不衰。