I'm Carl Azuz.

我是 Carl Azuz。

Glad to have you spending 10 minutes of your day with us.

很高興你們與我們一起花 10 分鐘看這個影片 。

With less than a week to go before the 2020 U.S. presidential election, voting in America past in present is the subject were leading off with today.

距 2020 年美國總統大選剩不到一週的時間，今天的主題是美國過去到現在的投票狀況。

When it was signed in 1787, the U.S. Constitution didn't lay out specifics on citizen voting.

1787 年簽署時，美國憲法沒有規定公民投票的具體內容。

It left decisions about that up to the states.

它把這方面的決定權留給了各州。

But it also left the door open for Congress to make laws about voting.

但同時這也為國會在制定有關投票的法律保有任何可能性。

In practice, the right to go to the polls was originally limited to white men over age 21 they were supposed to own land as well.

實際上，投票權最初只限 21 歲以上的白人，而且他們也應該擁有土地。

But in 1868, the 14th Amendment was ratified.

但在 1868 年，第十四條修正案通過。

It extended citizenship and voting rights to all men born in America as long as they were 21.

它將公民權和投票權擴大到所有在美國出生年滿 21 歲的男性。

And the 15th Amendment, ratified in 1870 specifically protected the right of citizens to vote regardless of their race.

而 1870 年通過的第十五修正案明確保護了公民的投票權，無論任何種族。

There were still discrimination at the polls, like poll taxes and literacy tests that prevented many African Americans from voting.

在投票站仍然存在歧視，例如人頭稅和讀寫能力試阻礙了許多非裔美國人投票。

Meanwhile, the right of women to vote wasn't constitutionally protected until 1920.

同時，婦女選舉權到 1920 年才得到憲法保護。

Before that, they could only go to the polls in certain states.

在那之前，他們只能去特定的州投票。

But the 19th Amendment guaranteed women's voting rights in all states.

但第十九條修正案保障了各州婦女的投票權。

Poll taxes were abolished by the ratification of the 24th Amendment in 1964 and the Voting Rights Act, a Federal law passed the next year abolished literacy tests.

1964 年通過的第二十四條修正案和《選舉權法》廢除了人頭稅，第二年通過的一項聯邦法律也取消了讀寫能力試。

So this helped ensure Americans would have the right to vote regardless of their race, religion or level of education.

這有助於確保美國人都有投票權，無論他們的種族、宗教或教育水準。

But they still had to be at least 21 years old until 1971.

但在 1971 年前，他們仍必須滿 21 歲。

That's the year the 26th Amendment was passed.

第二十六條修正案就是那一年通過的。

And that's the amendment that protected the right of 18 year olds to vote.

這就是保護 18 歲青年投票權的修正案。

Historically speaking, turnout by America's younger voters has been lower than it has been by older groups.

歷年來，美國年輕選民的投票率一直都低於老年族群。

But this year there are indications that voters between 18 and 29 years old are casting significantly more ballots than they did in 2016.

但今年有跡象表明，18 歲至 29 歲的選民投出的選票明顯多於 2016 年。

At least as far as early voting is concerned.

至少在提前投票的這方面是如此。

University of Virginia sophomore Libby Klingner is up early on a Saturday ready to roll, joining fellow campus Republicans to get out the vote.

弗吉尼亞大學的大二學生 Libby Klingner 週六很早就起床準備投票，她加入校園裡的共和黨們去投票。

There is a lot of enthusiasm among young conservatives to vote, especially in this critical year with everything that's been going on with the pandemic.

年輕的保守派有很大的投票熱情，尤其是在這個關鍵的年份，一切都受到疫情的影響。

We're out here canvassing today.

我們今天在這裡拉票。

They're the diehards, but still say everyone they know is voting.

他們是頑固分子，但還是說他們認識的人都有在投票。

People are really starting to recognize just all of the different chaos within the political climate right now that voting is only real say that we can have.

現在人們真的開始意識到政治氣候中的各種混亂，而投票是我們可以擁有的真正的話語權。

UVA Democrats are driving people to the polls.

UVA 民主黨社團的學生正在載人們去投票處。

Hunter Hess waited with Maeve Connick for over an hour to cast an early vote.

Hunter Hess 與 Maeve Connick 為錢投票等了一個多小時。

We've been doing it a lot, especially with first year students who, like ,don't know the voting process very well.

我們已經做了很多，尤其是對一年級不太清楚投票流程的學生。

I don't know if I know anyone like any of my personal friends who haven't voted already.

我不知道我認識的人或我的朋友中，有誰還沒投票的。

On the lawn, these students say voting is trendy.

在草坪上，這些學生們說投票是時尚的。

Like people on social media they'll post pics of them on their ballot and their "I voted" sticker.

例如人們會在社交媒體上發佈他們選票的照片和「我投票 」貼紙的照片。

So it's almost like, um, you feel a little pressure to vote?

所以你們會得投票會有一點壓力嗎？

Yeah, yes.

是的，會。

Young voters are a crucial part of the electorate and are already making up a large share of early voting across 14 key states, compared to 2016.

年輕選民是選民中很重要的一部分，與 2016 年相比，在 14 個關鍵州的提前投票中，年輕選民已占了很大的比例。

In Wisconsin, early voting among young people is up from where it was in 2016 and both parties are working it.

在威斯康辛州，年輕人的提前投票率較 2016 年高，且兩黨都在努力。

We've seen an increase in the number of people asking questions about how to get registered to vote and trying to get registered to vote.

我們發現詢問如何登記投票和試圖登記投票問題的人數增加了。

The share of the youth vote is almost double what it was this time four years ago in Florida.

年輕人的投票比例幾乎是四年前佛羅里達州的兩倍。

Welcome to the FSU and Family college Democrats ...

歡迎來到佛羅里達州立大學的家庭民主黨派...

College students here and across the pandemic stricken country largely organized virtually.

這裡和全國各地被疫情限制的大學生幾乎都在網路上組織起來了。

10 second trivia!

十秒問答！

How long does it take the moon to orbit Earth?

月球繞著地球轉一圈需要多長的時間？

One day, 27 hours, 27 days or one year?

一天、27 個小時、27 天，還是一年？

It takes just over 27 days for the moon to orbit the Earth.

月球繞地球轉一圈只需要 27 天多。

We can see it more often than that because of how fast the Earth rotates.

由於地球自轉的速度很快，我們可以經常看到它。

NASA says it's confirmed the presence of water on the sunlit surface of the Moon, but it's not like the lakes and rivers we see on Earth.

美國太空總署證實了在陽光照射的月球表面有水，但它不像我們在地球上看到的湖泊和河流。

Researchers have been making closer examinations of the Moon's surface.

研究人員一直在對月球表面進行更仔細的調查。

Their tools include NASA's US$583 million Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and the US$3 billion SOFIA telescope, which is mounted to a plane.

他們的工具包括美國太空總署耗資 5.83 億美元的月球偵察軌道飛行器和價值 30 億美元的 SOFIA 望遠鏡，而它被安裝在飛機上。

With the telescope, scientists examined the moon's surface through a wavelength that the naked eye might not be able to see.

有了這個望遠鏡，科學家用肉眼看不到的波長來調查月球表面。

And NASA says that detected water that's trapped in glass beads or in between grains on certain parts of the Moon.

而美國太空總署表示，它檢測到月球上的水被困在玻璃珠或夾雜在某些地方的顆粒間。

It's not a lot.

它的量不多。

In one of the Moon's largest craters, it's about as much as a 12 ounce bottle of water, according to NASA.

根據美國太空總署的數據，在月球上最大的坑和一瓶 12 盎司的水量差不多。

With the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, scientists looked at Moon areas that are always shadowed from the sun and theorized that many of these shadows could be filled with ice.

通過月球偵察軌道飛行器，科學家們觀察了月球上總是被太陽遮住的區域，並推測這些陰影中很多可能被冰填滿。

They don't know for sure, and if there is water here, no one knows exactly how it got there.

他們也不太確定，而且就算這裡有水，也沒有人知道它到底是哪來的。

But NASA wants to do more research through future Moon missions.

但美國太空總署希望在未來的月球任務中進行更多的研究。

It's difficult and expensive to carry water into space.

將水運入太空難度很大，成本也很高。

If the Moon has enough of it, it could help supply everything from rocket fuel to drinking water for visitors.

如果月球上有足夠的水，它可以幫助提供火箭燃料或遊客飲用水之類的所有事情。

[Future missions on the Moon will now have an official "road map" for directions.]

[未來的月球任務將有一個官方的「地圖」以指示方向。]

[The US Geological Survey released the first-ever comprehensive lunar map.]

[美國地質調查局發佈了有史以來第一張完整的月球地圖。]

[The decades-long project was created using Apollo-era maps and recent mission data.]

[這個長達數十年的計畫是利用阿波羅時代的區域地圖和最近任務的數據創建而成的。]

[Rock layers and irregularities such as craters and faults are charted in great detail.]

[岩石層和不規則的地方，例如隕石坑和斷層都繪製得非常詳細。]

[The map was a collaborative effort between USGS, NASA and the Lunar Planetary Institute.]

[這張地圖是美國地質勘探局、美國太空總署和月球與行星研究所共同合作的成果。]

[It will serve as the definitive geological blueprint for future lunar missions.]

[它是未來登月任務的最佳地質藍圖。]

American intelligence officials are warning that China, Iran and Russia are all planning to interfere with next week's presidential election, if they haven't already.

美國情報官員提醒：中國、伊朗和俄羅斯都在計劃干預下週的總統大選，如果他們還沒的話。

This might be done through cyber attacks, spreading misleading information, voter or ballot fraud.

這可能會透過網路駭客攻擊、傳播錯誤資訊、選民或選票欺詐來實現。

All three of these countries have denied meddling in the election.

這三個國家皆否認干預選舉。

But with so much information out there, CNN 10 recently put together a special edition called Checking Your Sources, which can help you identify misinformation or fake news online.

但外面的資訊量如此廣大，CNN 10 最近推出了一期特別節目《檢查你的資訊來源》，可以幫助你辨識網路上的錯誤資訊或假新聞。

It's available right now at CNN10.com

現在就可以去 CNN10.com 收看。

Meanwhile, our friends at CNN Business have some more tips to help you ensure that what you're reading is the truth.

同時，我們在 CNN 商業的朋友們還有一些指點，能幫助你確保你讀到的是事實。

Let's say you're scrolling through Facebook and "oh, look another shocking headline" so shocking that it must be false.

例如你正在滑臉書，然後你又看到「另一個令人震驚的頭條」，這麼震撼那一定是假的。

But this time it kind of looks true.

不過這次有點像真的。

You're not alone if you've had this dilemma.

不是只有你一個人會有這種兩難。

Here's how to spot fake or misleading information online.

以下就是如何分辨網路上的虛假或誤導性資訊。

For posts that link to a website, first check what the websites domain is.

對於有給連結的網站，先查證它網站的域名。

.edu and .gov are generally considered to be trustworthy.

.edu 和 .gov 通常是值得信賴的。

When it comes to news articles, check what news outlet the information is coming from.

當涉及到新聞文章，檢查資訊來自哪個新聞機構。

Is it from a well-known and trustworthy source?

它是否來自一個知名的、值得信任的來源？

If you're skeptical, the easiest thing to do is search for the same story elsewhere.

如果你持懷疑的態度，最簡單的方法就是在其他網站搜索同樣的事件。

If other reputable outlets have covered it, the story is more reliable.

如果其他家知名媒體也有報導，那麼這報導就比較可靠。

Oh, but please don't forget, The Onion is satire.

但請不要忘記，洋蔥新聞是諷刺的。

When vetting posts, it's also important to check the date that the article or tweet was first published.

審查貼文時，檢查文章或微博的首次發佈日期也很重要。

Headlines can sometimes appear to be relevant, but the actual story or tweet is outdated or out of context and therefore misleading.

標題有時會顯得很貼切，但實際的故事或推文已過時或斷章取義，因此產生了誤導性。

For posts by individual users, look to see if that user has a blue check mark next to their name.

對於個人用戶的貼文，留意該用戶名字旁是否有藍勾勾的標記。

The check mark means that Facebook and Twitter have verified the account is run by a real person or organization that matches the user name.

這個勾勾標記意代表臉書和推特已經驗證該帳戶是由與用戶名相匹配的真人或組織營運的。

Verified check marks shouldn't be your sole indication that the information is accurate.

經核實過的勾勾標記不應成為你判斷資訊準確性的唯一標誌。

It's important to combine all these steps together to be able to make the best judgment.

重要的是要把以上全部的步驟結合起來，才能做出最好的判斷。

And lastly, if you're unsure about information you see on your social media, at the very least, don't repost it.

最後，如果你不確定你在社交媒體上看到的資訊是否屬實，至少不要轉發。

Sharing information that you can't confirm is true will only make you part of the problem.

分享你無法確認是否屬實的資訊，只會讓你成為問題的一部分。

Any game involving an excavator is gonna be done on a big scale.

任何涉及到挖掘機的遊戲都會是大規模的。

To celebrate its 95th year in business, the Caterpillar Construction Equipment Company built a giant Pac-Man game board.

為了慶祝其成立 95 週年，卡特彼勒公司建造了一個巨大的小精靈遊戲板。

The goals to show off the machinery and the industry to future workers.

目標是向未來工人炫耀他們的機器和行業。

After it was built, customers, gamers and operators were allowed to remotely control Pac-man and the ghosts through skid steer loaders.

建造完之後，客戶、遊戲玩家和運營商可以透過滑移轉向裝載機遠端控制小精靈和鬼。

It took 70 man hours to dig out the maze.

這花費 70 個工時才挖出迷宮。

But what an amazing midway to show off!

但這令人驚喜的娛樂場，炫耀的效果十足呀！

We don't know who had the genesis of the idea, but "Ninten-don't" knock it 'til you've tried it.

我們不知道是誰有這天才的想法，連「任天堂」都沒嘗試過。

Why be "Atari" reasonable when you have the "ColecoVision" to "SEGA" your funds into fun and games?

當你能用資金玩超有趣的遊戲時，為什麼還要玩「過時的雅達利」勒？

I'm Carl Azuz, and tomorrow we'll be "back-man".

我是 Carl Azuz，明天我們將「強勢回歸」。

Wanna give a shoutout to our friends at Glenwood High School.

想向我們在 Glenwood 中學的朋友們表達致意嗎？

It's great to have you watching from Bowling Green, Kentucky, and thank you for your comment at youtube.com/CNN(10).

很高興你們能在肯塔基州的 Bowling Green 收看，也謝謝你們在 youtube.com/CNN 的評論。