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  • Transcriber: TED Translators Admin Reviewer: Rhonda Jacobs

    譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Amanda Zhu

  • I've got to start by admitting that in many ways

    一開始,我要承認,在許多層面上,

  • me giving a talk about how climate action can help Black communities is surprising.

    由我來講如何以氣候行動

  • I grew up poor and Black with a single mother in Tottenham,

    來協助黑人族群,蠻讓人驚訝的。

  • one of the most deprived areas in London,

    我是在托特納姆出生的黑人, 家庭貧窮且只有單親媽媽,

  • in the 1970s and '80s.

    那裡是 70、80 年代 倫敦最貧困的地區之一。

  • Climate change was the last thing on my mind.

    我從來不會想到氣候變遷。

  • And representing Tottenham as its member of Parliament for the past 20 years,

    在過去二十年間,我以國會議員 身分代表托特納姆時,

  • my focus has been on trying to reduce the deprivation I grew up around.

    我的焦點一直都是在減輕 我家鄉地區物質匱乏的情況。

  • In the past, the climate crisis never featured at the forefront of my politics

    過去,我的政見 從來沒有主打氣候危機,

  • because it was never one of the most immediate challenges

    因為它從來不是我的選民 最迫切的問題,

  • my constituents were facing,

    至少感覺不是。

  • or at least it didn't feel like it.

    當你的銀行存款越來越少時, 海平面上升並不顯得重要。

  • Rising sea levels feel unimportant when your bank balance is falling.

    沒錢支付暖氣帳單時, 你也不會關心全球暖化。

  • Global warming is not your concern when you can't pay the heating bills.

    當你被警察盤查時, 想的不是污染問題。

  • And you're not thinking about pollution when you're being stopped by the police.

    也許,這就是為什麼

  • And so perhaps this is why

    當「黑命貴」運動在全世界發酵時,

  • as the Black Lives Matter movement roared across the world,

    都沒什麼人提到 要從迫切的氣候危機中

  • there's been so little mention of saving Black lives

    拯救黑人的性命。

  • from the climate emergency.

    長久以來,我們這些 關心種族正義的人,

  • For too long, those of us who cared about racial justice

    一直都把環境正義視為 菁英主義者專屬的議題。

  • treated environmental justice as though it was elitist.

    同時,

  • And at the same time,

    強調氣候變遷的領導人

  • the leaders who did focus on climate change

    通常都是白人,

  • were usually white

    且他們很少會花心力 去爭取黑人的聲音

  • and rarely bothered to enlist the support of Black voices in their work.

    來支持他們所做的事。

  • Even progressive allies sometimes took our votes for granted

    就連改革派的盟友有時也把 我們的選票視為理所當然,

  • and assumed that our community didn't care or wouldn't understand.

    並假設黑人族群 不會在乎或不會了解。

  • The truth is the opposite is true.

    事實卻恰恰相反。

  • Black people breathe in the most toxic air relative to the general population.

    跟一般民眾相比, 黑人呼吸最多有毒的空氣。

  • We are more likely to suffer from respiratory diseases like asthma.

    我們最有可能患呼吸道疾病,如氣喘。

  • And it is people of color

    最有可能受到氣候危機之苦的人,

  • who are more likely to suffer in the climate crisis.

    是有色人種。

  • This is no coincidence.

    這不是巧合。

  • The cheapest housing tends to be next to the busiest roads,

    最便宜的住宅通常 都位在最喧囂的路旁,

  • and many of the lowest paid jobs are in the most polluting industries.

    最低薪的工作通常都是在 污染最嚴重的產業。

  • People of color consistently lie at the bottom of the housing,

    住宅、教育、就業階梯的底層

  • educational and employment ladders.

    一直都是有色人種。

  • This story connects Black communities across the world,

    這個情況讓全世界的 黑人族群連結在一起,

  • from London to Lagos to LA.

    從倫敦,到拉哥斯,到洛杉磯。

  • Black Americans are exposed to 56 percent more pollution

    美國黑人所接觸到的污染,

  • than they cause.

    比他們自己製造的污染多出 56%。

  • White Americans breathe 17 percent less air pollution

    美國白人吸入的污染空氣

  • than they produce.

    比他們所製造的少 17%。

  • It gives a whole new meaning to the Black Lives Matter slogan

    這讓「黑命貴」的標語有了新的意義:

  • "I can't breathe."

    「我無法呼吸。」

  • We all rightly know the name of George Floyd,

    我們都知道喬治佛洛依德這個名字,

  • who was murdered by the police.

    他被警察謀殺。

  • But we should also know the name of Ella Kissi-Debrah.

    但我們也都應該要知道 艾拉·基希-戴柏拉這個名字。

  • Ella, a nine-year-old mixed-race girl from South East London,

    艾拉是九歲的混種女孩, 住在倫敦的東南區,

  • was killed by a fatal asthma attack.

    她因為致命的氣喘發作而過世。

  • Evidence suggests this was caused

    證據指出,發作的部分原因

  • partly by the unlawful levels of air pollution near her home.

    是她家附近的空氣污染超過合法限度。

  • And it's not only urban areas

    氣候變遷對於黑人的生命 造成不成比例的威脅,

  • where Black lives are disproportionately under threat from climate change.

    這個現象不只發生在都市地區。

  • My parents' home country of Guyana

    我父母的家鄉蓋亞那

  • is one of the most vulnerable countries on Earth

    是世界上最容易被氣候變遷

  • to the effects of climate change.

    衝擊的國家之一。

  • So far, Guyana has contributed relatively little

    到目前為止,氣候危機的肇因中, 蓋亞那佔的比例很小。

  • to the climate emergency,

    但它卻是受氣候變遷影響 最嚴重的國家之一。

  • but it's one of the countries facing the most serious threats from it.

    美國的每人每年二氧化碳排放量

  • While the annual carbon dioxide emissions per head in the United States

    高達 16.5 公噸,

  • is a staggering 16.5 metric tons,

    在蓋亞那只有 2.6 公噸,

  • in Guyana it's just 2.6.

    這個模式在全球各地不斷重現。

  • It is a pattern repeated across the globe.

    造成氣候瓦解責任最小的國家,

  • Those countries that have contributed least to the climate breakdown,

    主要是開發中的南營國家,

  • mainly in the global south,

    卻遭受最多洪水、乾旱、 氣溫上升之苦。

  • will suffer the most from floods, droughts, and rising temperatures.

    這個苦難模式有很長的歷史。

  • This is a pattern of suffering with a long history.

    對地球天然資源的濫用

  • The exploitation of our planet's natural resources

    一直都和剝削有色人種息息相關。

  • has always been tied to the exploitation of people of color.

    殖民的邏輯

  • The logic of colonization

    就是透過武力取得地球的珍貴資源,

  • was to extract valuable resources from our planet through force,

    並忽略這個做法的二次效應。

  • paying no attention to its secondary effects.

    在某種層面上,氣候危機

  • The climate crisis is in a way colonialism's natural conclusion.

    就是殖民主義的自然結果。

  • The solution is to build a new coalition

    解決方案是要由 受到氣候危機影響最大的族群

  • made up of all the groups most affected by this emergency:

    組成新聯盟,

  • Black people in American cities

    美國城市中的黑人

  • who are already protesting that they cannot breathe;

    已經在抗議他們無法呼吸了;

  • people of color in Guyana watching sea levels rise

    蓋亞那的有色人種

  • to the point where many of their homes become uninhabitable;

    眼看著海平面上升到 很多房子都無法居住的程度;

  • young people in places like Tottenham, London,

    托特納姆、倫敦等地的年輕人

  • afraid of the world that they will grow old in;

    懼怕自己終老時將面臨的世界;

  • and progressive allies from all nations,

    以及各國的改革派盟友,

  • of all races, religions, creeds and ages on their side,

    不論種族、宗教、信念、年齡,

  • all demanding recognition

    都要求要承認

  • that climate justice is linked to racial justice, social justice

    氣候正義和種族正義、社會正義,

  • and intergenerational justice too.

    以及世代正義都有關聯。

  • And let me say something about how we build this new movement

    讓我來談談我們應該 如何展開這項新運動,

  • and what it must look like.

    及它應該是什麼樣子。

  • First, we need a recognition

    首先,我們需要認知

  • that the climate movement is not only about protecting the planet.

    氣候運動的重點不只是要保護地球。

  • It is primarily about caring for the people who live on the planet.

    主要的目的

  • Globally as well as nationally,

    是要照顧居住在地球上的人。

  • we need to recognize structural imbalances and inequalities.

    在全球及國家層面上,

  • A radical green recovery plan should provide jobs to the people

    我們都得要找到 結構的不平衡及不平等。

  • who've been disenfranchised for centuries,

    積極的綠色恢復計畫 應該要將工作機會

  • new jobs planting trees, insulating buildings

    提供給數個世紀以來 被剝奪公民權的人,

  • and working on green technologies.

    新工作包括植樹、建築保溫工程,

  • We cannot tackle the climate crisis without addressing racial inequalities.

    以及開發綠色科技。

  • And we cannot solve racial inequalities without fixing the economic system.

    若不解決種族不平等, 就無法處理氣候危機。

  • The new deal the economy needs is not only green,

    若不修正經濟體制, 就無法解決種族不平等。

  • it's green and Black.

    經濟所需要的新政策不只是綠色的,

  • Second, we need more Black leaders.

    是綠色和黑色的。

  • It cannot be right in 2020

    第二、我們需要更多黑人領袖。

  • that almost all the leading climate change activists we recognize are white.

    都 2020 年了,我們認可的 氣候變遷活動領袖卻都是白人,

  • At Davos this year,

    這是不對的。

  • five young female members of the Fridays for Future movement

    今年,在達佛斯,

  • came together to give a press conference at the World Economic Forum.

    五位「氣候大罷課」運動的年輕女成員

  • This is a picture the Associated Press put out.

    一起在世界經濟論壇 舉辦了一場記者會。

  • Here is the original image.

    這是美聯社刊出來的照片。

  • As the Ugandan activist, Vanessa Nakate, herself put it afterwards,

    這是原始的影像。

  • "You didn't just erase a photo, you erased a continent."

    後來烏干達活動家 凡妮莎·納卡特自己這麼說:

  • We need to look at who is being cropped out

    「你們不只抹除了一張照片,

  • of leadership positions in environmental organizations too.

    你們抹除了整個非洲。」

  • People of color makeup around 40 percent of the United States population.

    我們也需要注意 環境組織的領導位置上

  • So why is it a University of Michigan study

    有那些人被抹除了。

  • found that the percentage of minorities in leadership positions

    美國人口中有約四成是有色人種。

  • in US environmental organizations is less than 12 percent?

    那麼,為什麼密西根大學的一項研究

  • Global organizations should consider

    會發現在美國環境組織領導位置上,

  • moving their headquarters to the global south

    少數族群的比例不到 12%?

  • and urban areas that are most affected by the climate emergency.

    全球性組織應該要考慮 將它們的總部搬到南營

  • There should be new scholarships and bursaries in environmental science

    以及受到迫切氣候危機影響 最嚴重的都市地區。

  • for people of color.

    應該提供新的的獎學金和公費,

  • Educate yourself.

    讓有色人種能就讀環境科學系所。

  • Join great movements that recognize the links between climate and race.

    自我教育,

  • To name a few,

    加入那些承認氣候和種族 有所關聯的重大運動。

  • the Black Environment Network and Wretched of the Earth.

    舉幾個例子:「黑色環境網路」 和「地球上的可憐人」。

  • And finally,

    最後,種族不公和氣候不公的根源

  • racial injustice and climate injustice are both rooted in the evil notion

    都在一個邪惡的想法中:

  • that some lives are more important than others.

    有些生命比其他生命更重要。

  • If you march to say Black Lives Matter in Minneapolis, London or Sydney,

    如果你曾在明尼亞波里斯、倫敦, 或雪黎為黑命貴走上街頭,

  • please also march for the Black lives on the Caribbean island of Haiti

    請也為海地加勒比島嶼上的 黑人生命走上街頭,

  • as its children are displaced by storms.

    那裡的孩子因為暴風雨 而被迫離開家園。

  • Please also march for the Black lives being lost in Darfur,

    也請為達佛送命的黑人走上街頭,

  • the first climate change conflict.

    最早的氣候變遷衝突發生在那裡。

  • And please also march for the Indigenous people of the Amazon rainforest,

    也請為亞馬遜雨林的原住民走上街頭,

  • as Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro weakens its protections.

    因為巴西總統雅伊爾·波索納洛 削弱了對雨林的保護。

  • If we are serious about protecting Black lives in the Global South

    如果我們認真想要保護

  • as well as the north,

    南營以及北營的黑人生命,

  • we need to strengthen international laws.

    我們就必須要強化國際法律。

  • We need a way to apply international criminal laws,

    我們需要設法在全球施行國際刑法,

  • like war crimes or crimes against humanity, to the planet.

    以懲治戰爭犯罪或違反人道罪。

  • We need a new international law of ecocide

    我們需要制定與生態滅絕 有關的國際法律,

  • to criminalize the willful and widespread destruction of the environment,

    將肆無忌憚地大規模 破壞環境的行為定義為犯罪,

  • a law that criminalizes the most severe crimes against nature itself,

    需要有法律將犯下 嚴重破壞大自然的行為定為犯罪,

  • even for acts don't involve direct human suffering.

    即使不直接造成人類苦難。

  • Economics, race and class

    經濟、種族和階級

  • are at the center of today's political struggles.

    都是現今政治難題的中心議題。

  • The Black Lives Matter movement needs to wake up to climate injustices

    黑命貴運動必須要意識到氣候不公,

  • just as the climate movement

    同樣的,氣候運動

  • must make every effort to include the reality of people of color.

    也必須要盡所有努力 將有色人種的現實納入考量。

  • Young Black boys growing up in single-parent households in Tottenham

    在托特納姆的單親家庭中 長大的黑人男孩

  • won't have the opportunities I had

    在氣候災難蹂躪的世界中, 不可能得到我所得到的機會。

  • in a world ravaged by climate chaos.

    至於我那些在蓋亞那長大的遠親,

  • My distant cousins and relatives growing up in Guyana

    如果他們的家都淹沒在水中, 就談不上有什麼未來。

  • won't have a future if their homes are drowning under water.

    不能再等了,黑人運動和氣候運動

  • Now is the time for Black and climate movements

    必須立刻聯手,

  • to come together unequivocally and say, "We can't breathe."

    並且大聲說:「我們無法呼吸。」

  • Thank you very much.

    非常謝謝。

Transcriber: TED Translators Admin Reviewer: Rhonda Jacobs

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Amanda Zhu

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