Let him go.

讓他走吧

E presume she knows what she's talking about, but hi James Ming vid.

E推測她知道自己在說什麼，但嗨詹姆斯明視頻。

This lesson goes out to Jen from Tennessee.

這節課要送給田納西州的Jen。

She asked about the difference between PRESUME and assume, and today we're going to work on it.

她問到presume和assume的區別，今天我們就來研究一下。

Thanks, Jen, because as a actually, I like to think of myself with someone who likes to read a lot and has a pretty good handle.

謝謝你，珍，因為作為一個其實，我喜歡把自己和一個喜歡讀書的人放在一起，而且有很好的把握。

Handle means like control of our knowledge off English.

處理的意思是像控制我們的知識關閉英語。

I was just surprised when I was working with assume and presume how similar they are and the differences.

我只是在工作的時候驚訝於假設和推測的相似度和區別。

So let me help you today.

那麼今天就讓我來幫你。

Alright, guys, let's go to the board, presume or assume even a lot of native speakers make a mistake when using it.

好了，小夥伴們，我們去板塊，推測或者假設連很多母語人士在使用時都會犯錯。

Actually, I'm kind of lying because they just generally use, assume and don't bother with PRESUME.

其實，我算是在撒謊，因為他們只是一般用，假設，不屑於用presume。

It's only usually used for formal occasions, but what does assume mean?

一般只用於正式場合，但假設是什麼意思呢？

Well, let's look at the word mystery assumed the position.

好吧，我們來看看神祕這個詞承擔的位置。

As you can see, he has his arms and legs spread out.

如你所見，他的手腳都張開了。

If you've ever done this before, boys and girls, you need to go home early and you need a spanking your parents would raise you better.

如果你曾經做過這樣的事，男孩女孩，你需要早點回家，你需要打屁股你的父母會把你養得更好。

That means to bring you up better because you're a bad person to assume, to take up.

就是說要把你培養得更好，因為你是一個不好的人，要承擔，要承擔。

Really.

真的嗎？

We mean to take, which means to go or to start.

我們的意思是取，也就是去或開始的意思。

If he assumed responsibility at the company, it means he started responsibility.

如果他在公司承擔責任，就意味著他開始承擔責任。

He started to do something or she started right.

他開始做一些事情，或者她開始對。

They assumed control.

他們承擔了控制權。

They took control at that time and started to be in control from then on.

他們當時就控制了局面，從那時起就開始掌控局面。

Next position.

下一個位置。

That's a position.

這是一個立場。

Now sometimes people say, assume the position in baseball, you're going to get down and get the bat ready.

現在有時候人們會說，假設在棒球中的位置，你要下場，準備好球棒。

Assumed the position.

擔任該職務。

If you're going to jail, assumed the position.

如果你要去坐牢，就承擔了這個位置。

There's other positions you can assume.

還有其他的位置你可以承擔。

But that's for another time.

但這是另一個時間。

Okay, so that's what we mean by assume.

好吧，這就是我們所說的假設。

And I should have explained to start from assume.

而我應該解釋一下，從假設開始。

That means away from evidence.

這意味著遠離證據。

Usually, when we assume something, we don't have evidence, we think it's true.

通常，當我們假設某件事情時，我們沒有證據，我們認為它是真的。

That's it.

就這樣吧

We just believe or think we have nothing to show us.

我們只是相信或認為我們沒有什麼可以給我們看的。

It's true.

是真的

I assume the sun will come up tomorrow.

我想明天太陽會升起吧。

I have no proof or evidence.

我沒有證據或證據。

I just think so.

我就是這麼認為的。

Okay, so that leads us to this one.

好吧，所以這導致我們對這一個。

Believe and expect.

相信和期待。

We just believe it.

我們只是相信它。

So we expect something to happen, it doesn't mean there's a reason for it to happen.

所以，我們期待一些事情的發生，並不意味著有它發生的理由。

It's just my belief and expectations.

這只是我的信念和期望。

Okay, so I believe I will be here tomorrow because, well, I'm here today.

好吧，所以我相信我明天會在這裡，因為，我今天在這裡。

No proof, but hoping it'll be true tomorrow.

沒有證據，但希望明天會是真的。

Okay, Another one for assume is pretend she assumed the dead woman's identity.

好吧，另一個假設是假裝她承擔了死者的身份。

All right, she pretended to be the dead woman.

好吧，她假裝是那個死去的女人。

It kind of comes with Start.

算是自帶Start。

You start something, but with pretend you continue to do it.

你開始做一件事，但用假裝你繼續做。

So when somebody assume someone's identity, they take it on.

所以，當有人承擔了別人的身份，他們就會承擔。

So Superman and Clark Kent he assumed the identity of Clark Kent cause he's Superman release and he pretends to be Clark Kent.

所以超人和克拉克肯特... ...他假扮克拉克肯特的身份，因為他是超人，他假裝是克拉克肯特。

Cool.

爽啊

Another one.

又是一個。

Think sometimes people will say, Let's assume this is true on They mean, let's pretend so we can think about it.

認為有時人們會說，讓我們假設這是真的在他們的意思是，讓我們假裝，所以我們可以考慮它。

Let's assume we're all rich millionaires living in Brazil right now and we're having champagne.

假設我們現在都是住在巴西的百萬富翁，我們正在喝香檳。

Alright, We're not because we're watching this video, but let's assume let's think or pretend Okay, because there's no evidence to say anything opposite Weaken.

好吧，我們不是因為我們在看這個視頻，但我們假設讓我們認為或假裝 好吧，因為沒有證據說什麼對面弱。

Just assume anything, and that's why it's used in more informal English and use more regularly by English speakers.

隨便假設什麼都可以，這也是為什麼它被用在比較非正式的英語中，並且被英語使用者比較經常使用的原因。

Presume though PRESUME has a different meaning.

presume雖然presume有不同的含義。

But just before we get there, let's look at assume is a verb right?

但就在這之前，我們先來看看假設是個動詞吧？

Assume, assuming as a noun, we want to say assumption.

假設，假設作為名詞，我們想說假設。

That's an assumption.

這是一個假設。

You made you said something.

你讓你說的東西。

You didn't have evidence.

你沒有證據

You just said it was true.

你剛才說的是真的。

Now let's look at the adjective we can have assumed.

現在我們來看看我們可以有假設的形容詞。

When you assumed something, you took it for granted.

當你假設了一些東西，你就會認為它是理所當然的。

You just said, It's it's just true.

你剛才說，這是... ...這是真的。

Once again, there's no evidence.

再一次，沒有證據。

You just said it's true.

你剛才說的是真的。

But if you could assume something like you assumed I loved you, you just took it that I loved you.

但如果你能假設這樣的事情，你假設我愛你，你就會認為我愛你。

You didn't have evidence and you didn't even care.

你沒有證據，你也根本不在乎。

That's what we mean by take for granted.

這就是我們所說的理所當然的意思。

Taking for granted means you don't care.

認為理所當然就意味著你不在乎。

You just say it's true and I don't care about anything else.

你只管說是真的，其他的我都不管了。

I'm not going to put the time or effort to even try to prove it.

我不會花時間和精力去嘗試證明它。

Okay, Another adjective meaning is assuming an unassuming assuming in this case, it's quite funny if you use it here.

好吧，另一個形容詞的意思是assuming一個不假思索的assuming在這裡，如果用在這裡的話，就很有意思了。

It means sort of like arrogant overconfidence in assuming smile, because it's like I know, but remember, it's without evidence, so you shouldn't really be assuming in this way.

它的意思有點像假設微笑的傲慢過度自信，因為它就像我知道，但記住，它是沒有證據的，所以你不應該真的這樣假設。

The other opposite funny is unassuming, which means common or normal.

另一個相反的搞笑是unassuming，意思是普通或正常。

He had an unassuming smile like it's average and common.

他的笑容不卑不亢，就像很一般很普通。

Nothing special.

沒什麼特別的。

Nothing threatening.

沒什麼威脅。

Threatening means make you feel afraid, right?

威脅性的手段讓你感到害怕，對嗎？

The house had an unassuming appeal to it.

這房子有一種樸實無華的吸引力。

Common or normal appeal.

普通或正常的上訴。

So you might like it.

所以你可能會喜歡它。

One thing we use in English to actually explain assume is because it comes away.

我們用英語其實解釋假設的一個東西就是因為它的到來。

There is no connection with evidence.

與證據沒有關係。

We usually say, Don't assume, Are you making us?

我們通常會說，不要假設，你是不是在逼我們？

Which is a donkey on animal or you make yourself stupid?

哪個是驢上動物，哪個是你自作聰明？

You make an ass out of you, That's you, the England viewer and me.

你把自己搞得一團糟，那是你，英格蘭觀眾和我。

So don't assume so.

所以，不要這麼認為。

If you're not too sure of this lesson, make sure you go back over it again.

如果你對這節課不太確定，一定要再去看一遍。

And don't assume you understand it into you.

而不要以為你理解成你。

Mustard.

芥末。

It now looks like a presume.

現在看來，它就像一個推測。

It looks very similar to assume, in fact, they both share in something.

看起來很像假設，其實他們都有共同的東西。

Truth right?

真理吧？

Somebody believes something is true in this case.

在這種情況下，有人相信一些事情是真的。

You assume, without evidence.

你假設，沒有證據。

So you think it's true, but you haven't got any evidence to say it's true in this case.

所以，你認為這是真的，但你沒有任何證據來證明這件事是真的。

It's interesting.

這很有趣。

You think it's true because of something evidence you had from before.

你認為這是真的，是因為你以前的一些證據。

Okay.

好吧，我知道了

When I said here the sun will come up.

當我說到這裡，太陽就會升起。

I assumed it would.

我以為會這樣

I had no evidence.

我沒有證據。

I didn't care on this one.

我沒在意這個問題。

I say to you, I presumed it would come up because it came up, came up.

我對你說，我推測它會出現，因為它出現了，出現了。

It came up yesterday.

昨天就出現了。

It came up the day before, and the day before that and the last 100 years, it came up.

前天就出現了，前天和最近100年，也出現了。

Therefore, I presume, based on previous evidence now, remember, evidence from yesterday or proof doesn't mean it's going to happen tomorrow, but it gives you an idea it might on.

是以，我根據以前的證據推測，現在，記住，昨天的證據或證明並不意味著明天就會發生，但它給你一個想法，它可能上。

That's why we use PRESUME in fact, in law in Canada and the United States and Great Britain.

這就是為什麼我們在加拿大和美國、英國的法律中，其實是用presume的。

We say you are presumed innocents.

我們說你們被推定為無罪。

That means we until, until proven guilty, we believe you are.

這意味著，在沒有證明你有罪之前，我們相信你是。

It isn't based on evidence from prior cases.

這不是基於以前案例的證據。

That means before cases, you are innocents.

也就是說，在案件面前，你是無辜的。

Until we have something opposite to prove you are guilty.

直到我們有相反的東西來證明你有罪。

Okay, Presumed innocent front is the exact opposite.

好吧，假定無辜的前線是完全相反的。

By the way, you're presumed guilty until proven isn't so.

順便說一句，在沒有被證明之前，你是被推定為有罪的，不是這樣的。

Don't think it's everywhere in the world.

不要以為世界上到處都是這樣的。

All right, now you'll notice how I explain that, and it comes here.

好了，現在你會注意到我是怎麼解釋的，就到這裡了。

So look, believe until contrary countries this fancy word that just means whoops.

所以，你看，相信直到相反的國家這個花哨的詞，只是意味著嗚嗚。

Contrary to belief, I can't spell English.

與人們的想法相反，我不會拼寫英語。

I forgot the c o n.

我忘記了C O N。

Sorry, coterie.

對不起，小圈子。

It's a new English word.

這是一個新的英語單詞。

Welcome to invent, Contrary to the contrary.

歡迎發明，相反。

Okay.

好吧，我知道了

Yeah.

是啊。

So what happens is as I said, with the law, you are innocent until we see something opposite.

所以發生的事情就像我說的，有了法律，你是無辜的，直到我們看到相反的東西。

The next one is if this is true and this is what happens.

下一個是如果這是真的，就會出現這種情況。

Do you remember?

你還記得嗎？

I gave the example above the sun yesterday, the day before it kept coming up.

我昨天舉了太陽上面的例子，前天一直在舉。

So then, because of that, I have strong evidence.

那麼，正因為如此，我才有了強有力的證據。

So I believe what I say is right.

所以我相信我說的是對的。

This leads people to become overconfident and in some cases, arrogant because they have some knowledge from before they think.

這就會導致人們變得過於自信，有的還會因為之前的一些知識而自以為是。

Now I know everything.

現在我知道了一切。

So anything I say is right on.

所以我說什麼都是對的。

I can presume which is to believe, based on experience from before everything is true.

我可以根據之前一切真實的經驗，推測哪些是要相信的。

Well, boys and girls, most of us know now that if you go past your country and go in the water, you don't fall off the edge of the birth.

好了，童鞋們，我們現在大多數人都知道，如果你經過你的國家，下水，你就不會從生的邊緣掉下來。

Ah, lot of people presume this before because ships weren't built.

啊，以前很多人推測是因為船沒有造好。

Vory well would go squint sailing and disappear.

窩裡好會去眯眯航行，然後消失。

So they would said giant monster at the end of the earth would eat people because we know from evidence they never come back.

所以他們會說巨大的怪物在地球的盡頭會吃人，因為我們從證據中知道他們永遠不會回來。

We know better now, right?

我們現在更清楚了，對吧？

But they were overconfident.

但他們過於自信。

Arrogance.

傲慢。

So they didn't even try to check if the facts were right.

所以，他們甚至沒有嘗試去檢查事實是否正確。

So be careful of presumption.

所以要小心推測。

Presumption.

推定。

There we go.

我們走吧

Presumption is the noun form of PRESUME.

Presumption是PRESUME的名詞形式。

PRESUME is the verb.

PRESUME是動詞。

And if we go down here presuming or presumptuous will notice these two words, which are adjectives to describe something go right back up too arrogant and confident.

而如果我們在這裡往下走 presuming 或者 presumptuous 會注意到這兩個詞，這兩個詞是形容某件事情的形容詞，馬上回過頭來太傲慢和自信。

I'm sorry.

我很抱歉

Overconfident.

過於自信。

You know, I don't want to presume too much here, but I'm going to assume I know I have no evidence right now that this lesson was pretty good for you.

你知道，我不想在這裡推測太多，但我要假設我知道我現在沒有證據，這堂課對你來說是相當不錯的。

We're gonna do a quick recap because I don't want you making any assumptions on your own.

我們要做一個快速的總結，因為我不想讓你自己做任何假設。

That might be incorrect on our unassuming worm friend.

這在我們這個不起眼的蟲子朋友身上可能是不正確的。

He's relaxed, so he's gonna give me a minute to to do this for you.

他很放鬆，所以他要給我一分鐘的時間來為你做這個。

All right, So what we want to remember is a for assume is away from evidence.

好吧，所以我們要記住的是一個假設是遠離證據的。

There is no evidence to help you to prove it's true.

沒有證據幫你證明它是真的。

So when you assume something you said I just assumed because nobody told me I had no other evidence.

所以當你假設你說的東西時，我只是假設，因為沒有人告訴我我沒有其他證據。

I had to assume you understand.

我必須假設你明白。

PRESUME means before.

PRESUME是指之前。

So if you presume you should be able to show someone some evidence that this is why you thought it would be true.

所以，如果你推測你應該能給別人看一些證據，證明這就是你認為會是真的原因。

PRESUME is formal, usually used in law or medicine, right where they have evidence and they can say because of this and this, I presume this would be true.

PRESUME是正式的，通常用在法律或醫學上，就在他們有證據的地方，他們可以說因為這個和這個，我推測這將是真的。

Assume is commonly used.

假設是常用的。

In fact, 95% of the time Canadians will say this, and they won't say that even though PRESUME is more accurate.

其實，95%的加拿大人都會這麼說，即使presume更準確，他們也不會這麼說。

You could test your knowledge.

你可以測試你的知識。

You know where you're gonna test it.

你知道你要在哪裡測試它。

Well, I want you to assume you're going to learn, right?

好吧，我想讓你假設你要學習，對吧？

And you wanna go to a special place called Invited and you can assume you'll learn something.

而你想去一個叫 "被邀請 "的特殊地方，你可以假設你會學到一些東西。

Expecting?

期待嗎？

Believe, right.

相信，對。

And then you'll start assuming the identity of a English speaker.

然後你就會開始假設一個英語人的身份。

Yeah, I presume.

是的，我想。

From there.

從那裡開始。

Well, I hope I'm wrong that you might start getting over confident and arrogant.

好吧，我希望我是錯的，你可能會開始變得過於自信和傲慢。

Don't do that.

不要這樣做。

Okay?

好嗎？

Because if you do that and you presume too much, you might make a fool of yourself.

因為如果你這樣做，而你又太過自以為是，你可能會讓自己出醜。

See, that's gonna believe up until something contrary happens.

你看，那是要去相信了，直到有相反的事情發生。

All right, so that was a quick overview.

好的，所以這是一個快速的概述。

I need you to go to w w w dot Assuming you have a computer, right?

我需要你去w w w 點，假設你有電腦，對嗎？

Mm.

嗯。

Hangs in the English vivid as in video dot com Where me?

韓式英語生動如視頻點播網我在哪裡？

My fantastic worm.

我的神奇蟲子。

And I did it again.

我又做了一次。

Man, I didn't know con No calm.

夥計，我不知道康不平靜。

Assuming I could teach English, you could probably presume I would get these two.

假設我會教英語，你大概可以推測我會得到這兩個。

Right?

對吧？

Right?

對吧？

Right.

好吧，我知道了

Anyway, you could www dot Ingrid dot com.

總之，你可以www點Ingrid點com。

And then you can actually stop assuming and start presuming that you have mustard this language.

然後你就可以真正停止假設，開始假設你有芥末這種語言。

Thanks.

謝謝你

And I'm out.

我也不幹了

I wanna work on dot com and contrary dot com, And I assume I learned it by the time I get back dot com and contrary dot com and contrary.

我想在點點網和相反的點點網上工作，我想我回來的時候已經學會了點點網和相反的點點網和相反的點點網。