hundred times the mass of our sun what are called  stellar mass black holes or they're millions to  

是太陽品質的百倍，被稱為恆星品質的黑洞，或者說是百萬到千萬的黑洞

billions of times more massive than our sun aptly  named supermassive black holes so what is going on  

比太陽大幾十億倍的超大品質黑洞，所以這到底是怎麼回事

here where are all the in-between sized black  holes and why does the scale range stop there  

這裡所有的中間大小的黑洞都在哪裡？ 為什麼尺度範圍停在那裡？

could black holes be really tiny or even as new  research suggests stupendously large you may  

黑洞是否真的很小，甚至新的研究表明，大得驚人，你可能會。

remember when the large hadron collider was first  coming online some alarmists claimed it would  

還記得當大型強子對撞機剛上線時，一些危言聳聽者聲稱，它會

create a black hole that would destroy the earth  while microscopic black holes seem far-fetched  

毀滅地球的黑洞，而微觀黑洞則顯得遙不可及。

there are some theoretical ways they could  exist but you'd need extra dimensions to do it  

理論上他們有可能存在，但你需要額外的維度來實現。

gravity as we know it isn't strong enough  to compress subatomic particles small enough  

我們所知道的引力不足以壓縮足夠小的亞原子粒子。

to make them collapse into a black hole because  that size is smaller than the smallest meaningful  

使它們坍塌成黑洞，因為那個尺寸比最小的有意義的黑洞還要小

measurement of distance the plank length if  discovered microscopic black holes would change  

木板長度測量法

our understanding of how gravity works at the  quantum scale and even imply the existence of  

我們對量子尺度上的引力工作原理的理解，甚至意味著存在著

extra dimensions that amplify gravity's force so  microscopic black holes could be made in particle  

額外的維度，放大了引力，所以微觀黑洞可以在粒子中製造。

accelerators but they would also exist for only  the briefest of moments decaying in an octillionth  

但它們也將只存在於最短暫的瞬間，在八億分之一的時間內衰變。

of a nanosecond not exactly enough time to devour  the entire planet so if they do exist they're  

一納秒的時間不足以吞噬整個地球 所以如果它們真的存在的話，它們也是...

nothing to lose sleep over stellar mass black  holes though are very much real and we have a  

沒有什麼失去睡眠的恆星品質黑洞雖然是非常真實的，我們有一個。

pretty solid understanding of how they form when  large stars run out of fuel they collapse and go  

相當紮實的瞭解它們是如何形成的，當大型恆星耗盡燃料時，它們就會坍塌而去。

supernova if the core they leave behind is more  than about three solar masses the star's remnants  

超新星體

collapse in on themselves and a black hole is born  these black holes can grow by devouring nearby  

這些黑洞可以通過吞噬附近的黑洞來成長。

material or merging with neutron stars or other  black holes you might imagine if a stellar mass  

物質或與中子星或其他黑洞合併，你可以想象如果一個恆星的品質

black hole was allowed to just keep accumulating  matter eventually it would balloon to the size  

如果任由黑洞不斷積累物質，它最終會膨脹到以下大小

of the supermassive black holes that we think  are at the center of almost all large galaxies  

我們認為幾乎所有大星系的中心都有超大品質黑洞

but there's an upper limit to how fast matter can  fall into a black hole so growing that large would  

但物質落入黑洞的速度是有上限的，所以長到那麼大就會

take billions of years since we've observed black  holes with billions of solar masses that formed  

自從我們觀察到具有數十億太陽品質的黑洞形成以來，需要數十億年的時間。

within hundreds of millions of years of the big  bang something else must be at work the mechanism  

在億萬年的大爆炸中，一定有其他的東西在運作，機制

for how supermassive black holes come to be is one  of the great mysteries of astronomy there are a  

對於超大品質黑洞是如何形成的，是天文學的一大謎團，有一種說法是

few competing ideas each with their own strengths  and weaknesses for example maybe they formed from  

幾個相互競爭的想法，每個想法都有自己的優勢和弱點，例如，也許它們是由以下幾點形成的

large seed black holes that are already very  massive when they form and then they continue  

大的種子黑洞，當它們形成時已經是非常巨大的，然後他們繼續

to grow as they suck in matter these large seeds  would be the remnants of stars as big as 250  

這些大的種子在吸食物質的過程中成長，它們是大到250顆的恆星的殘餘物

000 solar masses stars that large should be rare  making large seeds less likely another idea is  

000個太陽品質的恆星應該是罕見的，使得大種子的可能性較小，另一個想法是。

they're the product of several intermediate-sized  black holes these intermediate-sized black holes  

它們是幾個中等大小的黑洞的產物 這些中等大小的黑洞

could form in dense star clusters as stars  collide after formation they sink toward the  

可能在密集的星團中形成，因為恆星在形成後會發生碰撞，它們會向下沉。

center of a galaxy where they merge as i said  before though there seems to be a gap in the  

銀河系的中心，正如我之前所說的，它們在那裡合併，儘管在那裡似乎有一個缺口。

sizes of black holes there is very little evidence  that intermediate-sized black holes exist beyond  

在黑洞的大小方面，幾乎沒有證據表明中等大小的黑洞存在，超過了黑洞的大小。

supermassive black holes there could be even  more jumbo cosmic pits one recent suggestion is  

超大品質黑洞可能有更多的巨型宇宙坑，最近的一個建議是

there could be black holes larger than a trillion  solar masses more than 10 times larger than even  

可能存在比一萬億太陽品質更大的黑洞，甚至超過10倍以上

the very biggest black hole we've discovered  the researchers who proposed their existence  

我們發現的最大的黑洞 提出它們存在的研究者們

dubbed them stupendously large black holes even  our explanations for supermassive black holes  

被稱為超大黑洞，甚至我們對超大品質黑洞的解釋也是如此。

wouldn't account for these giants their existence  would require us to rethink how black holes form  

它們的存在要求我們重新思考黑洞是如何形成的。

or maybe there just is an upper limit to how  big black holes can get black holes could  

或者說黑洞能有多大是有上限的 黑洞可以

run the gamut from the microscopic to the mind  meltingly massive but so far the only thing we  

從微觀的到巨大的，但到目前為止，我們唯一的事情是

know for sure is they exist in two size ranges  and we're not even certain how the larger size  

我們可以確定的是，它們有兩個尺寸範圍，我們甚至不確定大尺寸的如何。

is possible there's no doubt scientists are going  to keep probing for black holes at all scales  

毫無疑問，科學家們將繼續在各種尺度上探測黑洞。

because black holes have not only captured light  but our imaginations too you might think that  

因為黑洞不僅捕獲了光，還捕獲了我們的想象力，你可能會認為：

stupendously large black holes are the result  of when supermassive black holes combine but  

巨大的黑洞是超大品質黑洞結合後的結果，但它是一個巨大的黑洞。

something called the final parsec problem makes  their merger impossible check out my video on that  

一些所謂的最終parsec問題使他們的合併不可能檢查出我的視頻上，

here all right wild hypothesis time where do you  think all the intermediate-sized black holes are  

好了，野生假設時間到了 你認為所有中等大小的黑洞都在哪裡？

let us know your thoughts in the comments be sure  to subscribe and i'll see you next time on seeker

讓我們知道你的想法，在評論中一定要訂閱，我會看到你下一次的seeker。