presenting a plan to bring off-grid solar electricity

提出太陽能離網發電的計劃。

to 10 million low-income East Africans.

1,000萬低收入的東非人；

As I waited to speak to the president and his ministers,

當我等待著與總統和他的部長們交談時。

I thought about how I'd arrived in that same place 30 years before.

我想到了30年前我是如何來到那個地方的。

A 25-year-old who left her career in banking

一個25歲的女孩離開了她在銀行的職業生涯

to cofound the nation's first microfinance bank

創辦全國首家小額貸款銀行。

with a small group of Rwandan women.

與一小群盧旺達婦女一起。

And that happened just a few months after women had gained the right

而這一切發生在婦女獲得權利之後的幾個月。

to open a bank account without their husband's signature.

在沒有丈夫簽字的情況下開立銀行賬戶；

Just before I got on stage,

就在我上臺前。

a young woman approached me.

一個年輕的女人向我走來。

"Ms. Novogratz," she said,

"諾沃格拉茨女士，"她說。

"I think you knew my auntie."

"我想你是認識我阿姨的。"

"Really?

"真的嗎？

What was her name?"

她叫什麼名字？"

She said, "Felicula."

她說，"費利庫拉"。

I could feel tears well.

我可以感覺到淚水好。

One of the first women parliamentarians in the country,

我國首批女議員之一。

Felicula was a cofounder,

費利庫拉是聯合創始人之一。

but soon after we'd established the bank,

但在我們成立銀行後不久。

Felicula was killed in a mysterious hit-and-run accident.

費利庫拉在一次神祕的肇事逃逸事故中喪生。

Some associated her death to a policy she had sponsored

有些人認為她的死與她贊助的一份保單有關

to abolish bride price,

取消彩禮；

or the practice of paying a man for the hand of his daughter in marriage.

或付給男方嫁女的做法。

I was devastated by her death.

她的死讓我很傷心。

And then a few years after that,

再之後的幾年裡。

after I'd left the country,

在我出國之後。

Rwanda exploded in genocide.

盧旺達爆發了種族滅絕。

And I have to admit there were times

我不得不承認，有的時候

when I thought about all the work so many had done,

當我想到這麼多人所做的工作。

and I wondered what it had amounted to.

我很想知道它是什麼意思。

I turned back to the woman.

我回過頭來，看向那個女人。

"I'm sorry, would you tell me who you are again?"

"對不起，你能不能再告訴我你是誰？"

She said, "Yes, my name is Monique,

她說："是的，我叫莫尼克。

and I'm the deputy governor of Rwanda's National Bank."

而我是盧旺達國家銀行的副行長。"

If you had told me when we were just getting started

如果你在我們剛開始的時候告訴我

that within a single generation,

這在一代人中。

a young woman will go on to help lead her nation's financial sector,

一個年輕的女人將繼續幫助上司她的國家的金融部門。

I'm not sure I would have believed you.

我不知道我會不會相信你。

And I understood that I was back in that same place

我明白，我又回到了那個地方。

to continue work Felicula had started but could not complete in her lifetime.

繼續費利庫拉已經開始但在有生之年無法完成的工作。

And that it was to me to recommit

而這是對我的再次承諾

to dreams so big I might not complete them in mine.

夢想如此之大，我可能無法在我的夢想中完成。

That night I decided to write a letter to the next generation

那天晚上我決定給下一代寫一封信。

because so many have passed on their wisdom and knowledge to me,

因為有很多人把他們的智慧和知識傳授給我。

because I feel a growing sense of urgency

因為我感到越來越緊迫

that I might not finish the work I came to do,

我可能無法完成我的工作。

and because I want to pass that forward

因為我想把它傳下去

to everyone who wants to create change in this world

給每一個想在這個世界上創造改變的人。

in ways that only they can do.

以只有他們才能做到的方式。

That generation is in the streets.

那一代人在街上。

They are crying urgently for wholesale change

他們急切地要求徹底改變

against racial injustice,

反對種族不公正；

religious and ethnic persecution,

宗教和種族迫害；

catastrophic climate change

災難性氣候變化

and the cruel inequality that has left us more divided

和殘酷的不平等，使我們更加四分五裂

and divisive than ever in my lifetime.

並比我一生中任何時候都要分裂。

But what would I say to them?

但我要對他們說什麼呢？

I'm a builder, so I started by focusing on technical fixes,

我是一名建築工人，所以我一開始就專注於技術上的修復。

but our problems are too interdependent,

但我們的問題太過相互依賴。

too entangled.

太糾結了。

We need more than a system shift.

我們需要的不僅僅是系統的轉變。

We need a mind shift.

我們需要思想轉變。

Plato wrote that a country cultivates what it honors.

柏拉圖寫道，一個國家修煉的是它所尊敬的東西。

For too long, we have defined success based on money, power and fame.

長期以來，我們對成功的定義都是基於金錢、權力和名聲。

Now we have to start the hard, long work of moral revolution.

現在，我們要開始艱苦而漫長的道德革命工作。

By that I mean putting our shared humanity

我的意思是把我們共同的人性

and the sustainability of the earth at the center of our systems,

並將地球的可持續發展作為我們系統的中心。

and prioritizing the collective we,

並優先考慮集體的我們。

not the individual I.

而不是個人一。

What if each of us gave more to the world than we took from it?

如果我們每個人對這個世界的付出比我們從它那裡得到的更多呢？

Everything would change.

一切都會改變。

Now cynics might say that sounds too idealistic,

現在憤青們可能會說，這聽起來太理想化了。

but cynics don't create the future.

但玩世不恭的人不創造未來。

And though I've learned the folly of unbridled optimism,

雖然我已經知道了無比樂觀的愚蠢。

I stand with those who hold to hard-edged hope.

我和那些堅持硬性希望的人站在一起。

I know that change is possible.

我知道，改變是可能的。

The entrepreneurs and change agents with whom my team and I have worked

我和我的團隊與之合作的企業家和變革者。

have impacted more than 300 million low-income people,

已影響到3億多低收入者。

and sometimes reshaped entire sectors to include the poor.

有時還對整個部門進行改造，將窮人納入其中。

But you can't really talk about moral revolution

但是，你不能真的談論道德革命。

without grounding it in practicality and meaning,

而不立足於實用性和意義。

and that requires an entirely new set of operating principles.

而這需要一套全新的操作原則。

Let me share just three.

我只分享三個。

The first is moral imagination.

首先是道德想象力。

Too often we use the lens only of our own imagination,

我們常常只用自己想象的鏡頭。

even when designing solutions

即使在設計方案時

for people whose lives are completely different from our own.

為那些生活與我們完全不同的人。

Moral imagination starts by seeing others as equal to ourselves,

道德想象力首先要把別人和自己看成是平等的。

neither above nor below us,

不在我們之上，也不在我們之下。

neither idealizing nor victimizing.

既不理想化，也不受害；

It requires immersing in the lives of others,

這需要沉浸在他人的生活中。

understanding the structures that get in their way

瞭解阻礙他們的結構

and being honest about where they might be holding themselves back.

並坦誠自己可能會在哪些方面拖累自己。

That requires deep listening from a place of inquiry,

這就需要從探究的角度進行深入的傾聽。

not certainty.

而非確定性。

Several years ago I sat with a group of women weavers

幾年前，我和一群紡織女工坐在一起。

outside in a rural village in Pakistan.

在巴基斯坦的一個農村，外。

The day was hot ...

天很熱...

over 120 degrees in the shade.

超過120度的陰涼處。

I wanted to tell the women about a company my organization had invested in

我想告訴她們我的組織投資的一家公司的情況

that was bringing solar light to millions of people across India and East Africa,

該公司為印度和東非的數百萬人帶來了太陽能照明。

and I had seen the transformative power of that light

我已經看到了那道光的改變力量。

to allow people to do things so many of us just take for granted.

允許人們做一些我們很多人認為理所當然的事情。

"We have this light" I said,

"我們有這盞燈 "我說。

"costs about seven dollars.

"成本約為7美元。

People say it's amazing.

大家都說很神奇。

If we could convince the company to bring those products to Pakistan,

如果我們能說服公司將這些產品帶到巴基斯坦。

would you all be interested?"

你們有興趣嗎？"

The women stared,

女人們瞪大了眼睛。

and then a big woman whose hands knew hard work looked at me,

然後一個大媽的手知道辛苦的看著我。

wiped the sweat off her face and said,

擦了擦臉上的汗水，說道。

"We don't want a light.

"我們不要燈。

We're hot.

我們是熱的。

Bring us a fan."

給我們帶來一把扇子。"

"Fan," I said.

"範 "我說。

"We don't have a fan.

"我們沒有粉絲。

We have a light.

我們有一盞燈。

But if you had this light, your kids can study at night,

但如果你有這盞燈，你的孩子就可以在晚上學習了。

you can work more -- "

你可以多工作 -- "

She cut me off.

她打斷了我的話。

"We work enough. We're hot.

"我們的工作足夠了。我們是熱的。

Bring us a fan."

給我們帶來一把扇子。"

That straight-talking conversation deepened my moral imagination.

那次直言不諱的談話，加深了我的道德想象。

And I remember lying --

我還記得撒謊...

sweltering in my bed in my tiny guest house that night,

那天晚上在我的小客房裡，悶熱地躺在床上。

so grateful for the clickety-clack of the fan overhead.

好感謝頭頂上的風扇咔嚓咔嚓的聲音。

And I thought, "Of course.

我想，"當然，。

Electricity.

電。

A fan.

一個粉絲。

Dignity."

尊嚴。"

And when I now visit our companies

而當我現在訪問我們公司時

who've reached over 100 million people with light and electricity

為超過一億人提供照明和電力的公司

and it's a really hot place,

這是一個非常熱的地方。

and if there's a rooftop system,

以及是否有天台系統。

there is also a fan.

還有一個風扇。

But moral imagination is also needed to rebuild and heal our countries.

但重建和醫治我們的國家也需要道德想象力。

My nation is roiling as it finally confronts

我的國家在沸騰，因為它終於面對了。

what it's not wanted to see.

不想看到的東西。

It would be impossible to deny the legacy of American slavery

不可能否認美國奴隸制的遺產。

if all of us truly immersed in the lives of Black people.

如果我們大家真正沉浸在黑人的生活中。

Every nation begins the process of healing

每個國家都開始了癒合的過程

when its people begin to see each other

當它的人開始互相看到

and to understand that it is in that work that are planted the seeds

並明白，正是在這項工作中播下了種子。

of our individual and collective transformation.

我們的個人和集體的轉變。

Now that requires acknowledging the light and shadow,

現在，這就需要承認光和影的存在。

the good and evil that exist in every human being.

存在於每個人身上的善與惡。

In our world we have to learn to partner with those

在我們的世界裡，我們要學會與那些人合作。

even whom we consider our adversaries.

甚至我們認為是對手的人。

This leads to the second principle:

這就引出了第二個原則。

holding opposing values in tension.

在緊張的氣氛中持有對立的價值觀。

Too many of our leaders today stand on one corner or the other,

我們今天有太多的領導人站在一個角落或另一個角落。

shouting.

喊。

Moral leaders reject the wall of either-or.

道德領袖拒絕非此即彼的牆。

They're willing to acknowledge a truth or even a partial truth

他們願意承認一個事實，甚至是部分事實。

in what the other side believes.

在對方認為。

And they gain trust by making principled decisions

而他們通過做出有原則的決定來贏得信任

in service of other people,

為他人服務。

not themselves.

而不是自己。

To succeed in my work has required holding the tension

我的工作要想成功，就必須要保持緊張的情緒。

between the power of markets to enable innovation and prosperity

市場的力量促成創新和繁榮之間的關係。

and their peril to allow for exclusion

以及他們允許被排斥的危險

and sometimes exploitation.

有時是剝削。

Those who see the sole purpose of business as profit

那些將商業的唯一目的視為利潤的人。

are not comfortable with that tension,

是不舒服的緊張。

nor are those who have no trust in business at all.

也不是那些對商業完全不信任的人。

But standing on either side negates the creative, generative potential

但站在任何一方，都會否定創造性、生成性的潛力。

of learning to use markets without being seduced by them.

學會利用市場而不被市場所誘惑的。

Take chocolate.

就拿巧克力來說吧

It's a hundred-billion-dollar industry

這是一個上千億的行業

dependent on the labor of about five million smallholder farming families

依賴於約500萬小農家庭的勞動。

who receive only a tiny fraction of that 100 billion.

他們只得到這1000億中的一小部分。

In fact, 90 percent of them make under two dollars a day.

事實上，他們中90%的人每天的收入都在兩元以下。

But there's a generation of new entrepreneurs

但有一代新的創業者

that is trying to change that.

是試圖改變這種狀況。

They start by understanding the production costs of the farmers.

他們首先了解農民的生產成本。

They agree to a price that allows the farmers to actually earn income

他們同意一個讓農民真正獲得收入的價格。

in a way that will sustain their lives.

以維持其生命的方式。

Sometimes including revenue-share and ownership models,

有時包括收入分享和所有權模式。

building a community of trust.

建立一個信任的社區；

Now are these companies as profitable

現在這些公司的利潤是否如

as those that focus solely on shareholder value?

作為那些只關注股東價值的?

Possibly not in the short term.

短期內可能不會。

But these entrepreneurs are focused on solving problems.

但這些企業家都專注於解決問題。

They're tired of easy slogans like "doing well by doing good."

他們已經厭倦了 "做好事，做好人 "這樣簡單的口號。

They know they have to be financially sustainable,

他們知道他們必須在財務上可持續發展。

and they are insisting on including the poor and the vulnerable

他們堅持要把窮人和弱勢群體包括在內。

in their definition of success.

在他們對成功的定義中。

And that brings me to the third principle:

這讓我想到了第三個原則。

accompaniment.

伴奏。

It's actually a Jesuit term that means to walk alongside:

其實這是一個耶穌會的術語，意思是並肩而行。

I'll hold a mirror to you, help you see your potential,

我會拿一面鏡子給你，幫你看到你的潛力。

maybe more than you see it yourself.

也許比你自己看到的還要多。

I'll take on your problem but I can't solve it for you --

我可以幫你解決問題，但我不能幫你解決... ...

that you have to learn to do.

你必須學會做。

For example, in Harlem there's an organization

例如，在哈林區有一個組織。

called City Health Works

稱為市衛生局

that hires local residents

僱用當地人的

with no previous health care experience,

沒有任何保健經驗；

trains them to work with other residents

訓練他們與其他居民合作

so that they can better control chronic diseases like gout,

以便他們能更好地控制痛風等慢性疾病。

hypertension, diabetes.

高血壓、糖尿病。

I had the great pleasure of meeting Destini Belton,

我很高興見到Destini Belton。

one of the health workers,

其中一名衛生工作者。

who explained her job to me.

她向我解釋了她的工作。

She said that she checks in on clients,

她說，她檢查客戶。

checks their vital signs,

檢查他們的生命體徵。

takes them grocery shopping,

帶他們去買菜

goes on long walks,

去長時間的散步。

has conversations.

有對話。

She told me, "I let them know somebody has their back."

她告訴我，"我讓他們知道有人在支持他們。"

And the results have been astounding.

而結果是驚人的。

Patients are healthier, hospitals less burdened.

患者更健康，醫院負擔更輕。

As for Destini,

至於Destini。

she tells me her family and she are healthier.

她告訴我，她的家人和她都更健康。

"And," she adds, "I love that I get to contribute to my community."

"而且，"她補充說，"我喜歡我可以為社區做貢獻。"

All of us yearn to be seen,

我們所有人都渴望被人看到。

to count.

來計算。

The work of change,

變化的工作。

of moral revolution,

的道德革命。

is hard.

是很難的。

But we don't change in the easy times.

但我們在容易的時候不會改變。

We change in the difficult times.

我們在困難的時候改變。

In fact, I've come to see discomfort as a proxy for progress.

事實上，我已經把不舒服看作是進步的代表。

But there's one more thing.

但還有一件事。

There's something I wish I'd known when I was just starting out

有些事情我希望我剛開始的時候就知道。

so many years ago.

這麼多年前。

No matter how hard it gets,

不管有多難。

there's always beauty to be found.

總會有美麗的東西被發現。

I remember now what seems a long time ago,

我現在想起似乎是很久以前的事了。

spending an entire day talking to woman after woman

整天跟一個又一個女人哈拉

in the Mathare Valley slum in Nairobi, Kenya.

在肯亞內羅畢馬塔雷谷貧民窟。

I listened to their stories of struggle and survival

我聽著他們的奮鬥和生存的故事。

as they talked about losing children,

當他們談到失去孩子的時候。

of fighting violence and hunger,

打擊暴力和飢餓，

sometimes feeling like they wouldn't even survive.

有時覺得自己連活都活不下去了。

And right before I left,

而就在我離開之前。

a huge rainstorm poured down.

一場大暴雨傾盆而下。

And I was sitting in my little car as the wheels stuck in the mud

我坐在我的小車裡，車輪陷在泥裡

thinking, "I'm never getting out of here,"

心想，"我永遠不會離開這裡，"