Take black holes for example.

以黑洞為例。

They're some of the most violent objects in our universe,

它們是我們宇宙中最暴力的物體。

powerful enough to rip entire stars to pieces.

強大到足以將整個星體撕成碎片。

Their secret weapon is gravity.

他們的祕密武器是重力。

You see, the more mass you can shrink into a small space,

你看，你可以把更多的品質收縮到一個小空間裡。

the stronger your gravitational force will become.

你的引力就會變得越強。

To make Earth into a black hole, for instance,

比如說，要把地球變成一個黑洞。

you'd have to shrink it to less than an inch across.

你必須把它縮小到一英寸以下的寬度。

But real black holes are much larger than that

但真正的黑洞要比這大得多

and pack way more mass than Earth.

而且品質比地球大得多

Here's just how big black holes can really get.

這就是黑洞到底能有多大。

There are three common types of black holes.

常見的黑洞有三種類型。

The smallest are stellar black holes,

最小的是恆星黑洞。

which form after a giant star explodes

隕石

and collapses in on itself, like this one,

並自相殘殺，比如這個。

which measures about 40 miles across,

它的直徑約為40英里。

roughly three times the length of Manhattan.

大約是曼哈頓長度的三倍。

But in that small space

但在那個小空間裡

is enough mass to equal 11 of our suns.

是足夠的品質，相當於我們11個太陽。

In another galaxy called M33,

在另一個叫M33的星系裡。

there's a black hole that is 58 miles across

有一個直徑58英里的黑洞。

and packs as much mass as 15.7 suns inside.

並在裡面裝了15.7個太陽的品質。

Up next are the intermediate-mass black holes,

接下來是中等品質黑洞。

like this one.

像這個。

At 1,460 miles across,

在1,460英里的範圍內。

it's nearly large enough to stretch from Florida to Maine,

它幾乎大到可以從佛羅里達州延伸到緬因州。

and according to some calculations,

而根據一些計算。

contains the mass of 400 suns.

包含400個太陽的品質。

At this point,

在這一點上。

black holes start to get pretty big compared to Earth,

與地球相比，黑洞開始變得相當大。

but it's still nothing

但這還不算什麼

when you consider the sheer mass they carry.

當你考慮到他們所攜帶的純粹的品質。

Take this black hole for example.

以這個黑洞為例。

It's nearly twice the size of Jupiter,

它的大小几乎是木星的兩倍。

spanning a region about 172,000 miles wide,

跨越約17.2萬英里寬的區域。

but inside is as much mass as 47,000 suns.

但裡面的品質卻有47000個太陽那麼多。

But these black holes are nothing

但這些黑洞什麼都不是

compared to supermassive black holes,

與超大品質黑洞相比。

like Sagittarius A*,

如射手座A*。

which lives at the center of our Milky Way galaxy.

它生活在我們銀河系的中心。

It covers a region about 14.6 million miles in diameter.

它覆蓋了一個直徑約1460萬英里的區域。

That's roughly 168 Jupiters across,

這大概是168朱庇特的範圍。

and inside is the same amount of mass

和裡面的品質是一樣的

as 4 million suns combined.

作為400萬個太陽的總和。

Now, that may sound big,

現在，這可能聽起來很大。

but Sagittarius A* is small

但射手座A*小

compared to other supermassive black holes.

與其他超大品質黑洞相比。

Take the one at the center of our neighbor,

就拿我們鄰居中心的那個來說吧。

the Andromeda galaxy,

仙女座星系。

which has a diameter of 516 million miles,

它的直徑有5.16億英里。

larger than Jupiter's orbit,

比木星的軌道大。

and contains enough mass

並含有足夠的品質

to equal that of 140 million suns.

以相當於1.4億個太陽的。

We're finally getting

我們終於有了

to some of the largest black holes in the universe,

到宇宙中一些最大的黑洞。

and yet, we haven't reached one

然而，我們還沒有達到一個

that surpasses the size of our solar system.

超越了太陽系的大小。

So let's look at the supermassive black hole

那麼我們來看看超大品質黑洞吧

at the center of the Sombrero galaxy.

在桑布羅星系的中心。

It measures 2 billion miles across,

它的直徑有20億英里。

so it would stretch further than Uranus' orbit,

所以它將比天王星的軌道延伸得更遠。

and it has about the same mass as 660 million suns.

而且它的品質和6.6億個太陽的品質差不多。

And the supermassive black hole at the center of Messier 87

而位於Messier 87中心的超大品質黑洞。

is so huge that astronomers could see it

是如此巨大，天文學家可以看到它

from 55 million light-years away.

從5500萬光年外。

It's 24 billion miles across

縱橫240億裡

and contains the same mass as

並含有相同的品質

6 1/2 billion suns.

六十五億個太陽。

But this supermassive black hole, as large as it is,

但這個超大品質黑洞，大到。

could still fit within our solar system

還能適應太陽系

with plenty of room to spare.

有足夠的空間。

So we have to look at one of the most massive

所以我們要看一個最龐大的。

of all supermassive black holes.

所有超大品質黑洞的。

It has a diameter of about 78 billion miles.

它的直徑約為780億英里。

For perspective, that's about 40% the size

為方便起見，那是四成的面積。

of our solar system, according to some estimates.

根據一些估計，太陽系的。

And it's estimated to be

而且估計是

about 21 billion times the mass of our sun.

大約是太陽品質的210億倍。

So there you have it,

所以，你有它。

black holes can be millions of times larger

黑洞可以大幾百萬倍

than suns and planets or as small as a city.

比太陽和行星或小到一個城市。

It all depends on how much mass is inside.

這要看裡面的品質有多大。

Turns out, when it comes to the cosmos,

原來，說到宇宙。

size isn't the only thing that matters.

尺寸不是唯一重要的東西。