Name: 經濟危機對年輕人的衝擊最大｜CNBC報道。 (How the economic crisis is hitting young people the hardest | CNBC Reports)
Uploaded: 2020-10-22T20:00:30.000Z
Duration: 9 min 19 s

It's a tricky time for many young people entering the workforce

對於很多初入職場的年輕人來說，這是一個棘手的時期。

or developing their careers. Finding work during an economic crisis is hard,

或發展自己的事業。經濟危機期間找工作很難。

程度副詞

but even more so now when a global pandemic is causing layoffs and halting hiring.

但現在更是如此，當全球流行病導致裁員和停止招聘的時候。

So why is the crisis so hard on young people?

那麼，為什麼危機對年輕人來說如此艱難？

So, the first few months of 2020 they were really interesting.

所以，2020年的前幾個月，他們真的很有意思。

So, I decided to really go forward with my idea of starting my business,

於是，我決定真正的去實現我創業的想法。

it's a slow fashion brand. In January I kind of

是一個慢時尚品牌。在一月份，我有點

put together a business plan, and my idea was to do this in March.

把一個商業計劃書，我的想法是在3月份做這個。

Little did I know that this whole thing that changed the whole world was coming.

沒想到，這件改變整個世界的事情就要發生了。

Teresa Carmona found herself unemployed at the end of 2019 at the age of 26

特蕾莎-卡莫納在2019年底發現自己失業，年僅26歲。

and decided it was time to start her own business.

But the coronavirus pandemic threw a curveball at her plans.

但冠狀病毒的大流行給她的計劃帶來了一個曲線球。

I was putting together this idea to do a small pop-up to kind of introduce the brand,

我把這個想法放在一起，做一個小的彈出式，算是介紹品牌。

get people excited about what I was creating,

讓人們對我創作的東西感到興奮。

and then come March, things started to shut down.

然後到了3月份，事情就開始停擺了。

I, unfortunately, was then not able to go forward with the pop-up,

我，很遺憾，然後就無法繼續彈幕了。

it really kind of pushed everything up in the air, and it really took me by surprise.

它真的是一種推動一切 在空氣中，它真的把我的驚喜。

I think I suddenly became really anxious because this idea

我覺得我突然變得非常焦慮，因為這個想法... ...

that I had really clear in my mind was suddenly very vague.

在我腦海中真正清晰的東西突然變得非常模糊。

I didn't know how to proceed. For about a month or two, I really stopped

我不知道該如何繼續。大概有一兩個月，我真的停止了

almost everything I was doing because I felt so afraid and so anxious

幾乎所有的事情我都在做，因為我覺得很害怕，很焦慮。

and at a loss of how to move forward, how am I meant to start a business

而不知如何前進，我又該如何創業呢？

in the middle of a pandemic, so that was really, really difficult.

在大流行的中間， 所以這是真的，真的很難。

Teresa is just one of the many young people who have struggled

特蕾莎只是眾多掙扎的年輕人中的一個。

to develop their career plans against the backdrop of a global pandemic,

在全球大流行的背景下，制定自己的職業規劃。

which has been responsible for economic disruption across the world.

In the wake of the pandemic, one-third of those aged between 18 and 24 in the U.K.

疫情發生後，英國18歲至24歲的人中，有三分之一的人。

have lost their jobs or been placed on temporary support schemes

失業或被安排參加臨時支助計劃；

with no guarantee of a return to regular employment. That was more than any other age bracket.

不能保證恢復正常就業。這比任何其他年齡段的人都多。

However, the challenges facing young people are part of a worldwide trend.

然而，青年面臨的挑戰是世界性趨勢的一部分。

In the euro zone, the unemployment rate among those younger than 25 exceeded 18% in August.

在歐元區，8月份25歲以下的年輕人失業率超過18%。

The figure has increased since April, which was the first full month

該數字自4月份以來有所增長，這是第一個完整的月份。

The United States also saw 1.8 million fewer 16- to 24-year-olds in the workforce

美國16至24歲的勞動力也減少了180萬。

in July 2020 compared to the same month of the previous year.

The start of the summer period traditionally coincides with many high school

暑期的開始，傳統上與許多高中的

and college students looking for summer jobs

and graduates entering the labor force for the first time.

和首次進入勞動力市場的畢業生。

But this year, there were far fewer opportunities available.

Mobility data collected by telecom firm Vodafone shows us how stay-at-home orders

電信公司沃達豐收集的移動數據向我們展示了在家訂單的情況。

have impacted younger age groups more than other working-age people.

與其他工作年齡段的人相比，對年輕群體的影響更大。

If you look at, for instance, the drop in mobility around stay at home orders,

如果你看一下，比如說，圍繞著待在家裡的訂單的流動性下降。

you get a much bigger drop for young people who are under the age of 44,

對於44歲以下的年輕人來說，你得到的降幅更大。

and I think this reflects two things: one is that, you know, they tend to

我認為這反映了兩件事：一是，你知道，他們傾向於... ...

have younger children and school closures disproportionally affect them,

子女年齡較小，學校停課對他們的影響特別大；

and secondly, a lot of young people work on temporary contracts

其次，很多年輕人都是以臨時合同的形式工作的。

and those are the first ones that get killed in a crisis.

而這些都是在危機中最先被殺死的人。

So why has the economic fallout of the pandemic hit young people so hard?

那麼，為什麼疫情的經濟餘波對年輕人的打擊如此之大呢？

It's targeting or having its biggest impact in industries like hospitality and leisure and tourism,

它的目標或影響最大的是酒店和休閒旅遊等行業。

and young people are 2.5 times more likely to work in those sectors,

和年輕人在這些部門工作的可能性是2.5倍。

so we are seeing young people on furlough or losing their jobs.

所以，我們看到年輕人在休假或失去工作。

There's a lot of young people who have been displaced from their jobs because of coronavirus.

有很多年輕人因為冠狀病毒而失業。

But then at the same time, you are seeing young people who have left education this summer,

但與此同時，你也看到了今年夏天離開教育的年輕人。

are also now coming into the labor market looking for their first job.

現在也正在進入勞動力市場尋找第一份工作。

Labor-intensive industries, such as retail and hospitality,

勞動密集型行業，如零售業和酒店業。

usually employ a large proportion of young people.

But these sectors have been unable to work at full capacity.

但這些部門一直無法全力以赴。

Data collected from recruitment website Indeed showed that job postings in these

從招聘網站Indeed收集到的數據顯示，在這些招聘網站上發佈的職位。

contact-sensitive sectors fell even before stay-at-home orders were implemented in Europe,

在歐洲實施留守令之前，接觸敏感的行業就已經下降了。

as people grew wary of rising infection risks.

由於人們對不斷上升的感染風險越來越警惕。

As the health emergency worsened, firms in these sectors became reluctant

隨著衛生緊急狀況的惡化，這些部門的企業變得不願意再做了。

to hire new people or even to keep existing employees on their payroll.

僱用新員工，甚至保留現有員工的工資單。

But this is not the only problem. Unlike older cohorts who can dip into

但這不是唯一的問題。不像老一輩的人，他們可以浸泡在

their savings, investments or government support, young people are more reliant on their wages.

他們的儲蓄、投資或政府的支持，年輕人更依賴他們的工資。

They are also more likely to be on temporary job contracts,

他們也更有可能簽訂臨時工作合同。

making them even more vulnerable when companies decide to reduce their headcounts.

當公司決定減少員工人數時，使他們更加脆弱。

Besides, companies operating outside the retail or hospitality sector

此外，在零售或酒店業以外經營的公司。

are keener to hire employees with more experience.

Because of the remote working thing, there is a reluctance to hire staff

因為遠程辦公的事情，不願意僱傭員工。

that need too much input and support. Onboarding somebody or bringing somebody

需要太多的投入和支持。入職或帶人

into your business who knows what they are doing and has the experience

熟悉自己所做的事情並有經驗的人進入您的企業。

and is a little bit more mature, and probably their home-working setup

並且是比較成熟的，可能他們的家庭工作設置。

is a lot more effective. That all works much, much better for our clients.

是更有效的。這對我們的客戶來說，效果都會好很多很多。

The challenges of finding a job or beginning a career

尋找工作或開始職業生涯的挑戰；

in the middle of a pandemic have long-term consequences.

I know that you are in touch with different young people.

我知道你在接觸不同的年輕人。

It starts with, for many, mental health, you know, the lockdown and isolation has caused

它開始，對許多人來說，心理健康，你知道，鎖定和隔離已經引起了。

a lot of challenges for young people, there's that lack of social interaction

年輕人面臨很多挑戰，缺乏社會互動

with peer groups and friends. Those who would have been doing exams this year

與同齡人和朋友。那些本來在今年進行考試的人

and the stress of not knowing how that system is going to play out for them.

以及不知道這個系統對他們的影響如何的壓力。

Before the pandemic, young people didn't feel particularly confident about their futures,

在疫情發生之前，年輕人對自己的未來並不是特別有信心。

they didn't feel they would find a good job where they lived,

他們覺得在自己居住的地方找不到好工作。

and so the pandemic has amplified that low level of confidence.

所以，這場瘟疫放大了這種低水平的信心。

How do you think this economic crisis is impacting young people?

你認為這次經濟危機對年輕人有什麼影響？

So, I think mental health is a really big issue there. It is a time when we are starting careers,

所以，我覺得心理健康是一個非常大的問題。這是一個我們開始職業生涯的時候。

we are starting our jobs, and with all of this,

我們正在開始我們的工作，而隨著這一切。

it's really daunting and it can feel like, you know, nobody is hiring,

它真的令人生畏，它可以感覺像， 你知道，沒有人僱用。

and suddenly, this picture that we might have had of our future suddenly is really dim.

突然間，我們可能對未來的這幅圖景突然間就真的黯淡了。

It's very important for governments to provide social safety nets to everybody,

政府為每個人提供社會安全網是非常重要的。

to make sure that even these people who are under the age of 44 who are losing jobs

以確保即使這些44歲以下的失業者也能找到工作。

get the income support that they need. But we also need to provide retraining, reskilling,

獲得他們所需的收入支持。但我們也需要提供再培訓、再技能。

so that many of them can be relocated from sectors that are shrinking.

以使其中許多人可以從正在萎縮的部門搬遷。

Like, for instance, the travel sector, as opposed to sectors which are growing,

比如說，比如說旅遊行業，而不是那些正在增長的行業。

which sectors are digital and e-commerce sectors.

If economic activity doesn't rebound swiftly, young people may be forced to adapt

如果經濟活動不能迅速回升，年輕人可能會被迫適應。

It dropped off as a cliff, right, six or seven months ago.

六七個月前，它就像懸崖一樣掉下來了吧。

The one area that sort of stayed with us and continued to grow

有一個領域一直伴隨著我們，並不斷髮展。