And that's where we're starting today's edition of CNN 10.

今天 CNN 10 從此事件開始。

It's great to see you.

很高興見到你們。

I'm Carl Azuz.

我是 Carl Azuz。

Millions of early votes are in.

數百萬人提前去投票。

In fact, a survey of ballot data that CNN participated in found that more than 27 million votes have been cast so far.

事實上，CNN 參與的投票數據調查顯示，迄今已投出超過 2700 萬張選票。

That count stretched across 45 states and the District of Columbia.

此數據遍及 45 個州和哥倫比亞特區。

Traditionally, though, the biggest day for U.S. politicians is election day itself.

不過，依照慣例，選舉日是美國政治家最重要的日子。

And as November 3rd approaches, they're doing everything they can to get their supporters to the polls.

11 月 3 日將近，他們正在盡一切努力爭取支持者的選票。

On Sunday, at an in-person rally in Carson City, Nevada, incumbent Republican President Donald Trump spoke to supporters.

週日，在內華達州卡森成城的親自集會上，現任共和黨總統唐納川普對支持者發表演說。

And the best is yet to come, it's happening.

好戲還在後頭，即將要發生了。

The best is yet to come.

好戲還在後頭！

Proud citizens like you helped build this country, and together we are taking back our country.

像你們這樣高尚的市民幫忙建造了這個國家，我們將一起奪回了我們的國家。

We're returning power to you, the American people.

美國人民們，我將把權力歸還給你們。

So with your help, your devotion and your drive, we're going to keep on working.

因此，有了你們的幫助、忠誠和決心，我們將會繼續努力。

We're going to keep on fighting.

我們會繼續奮鬥。

And we're going to keep on winning, winning, winning.

而且我們也會繼續贏得勝利。

Also on Sunday at a drive-in rally in Durham, North Carolina, Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden spoke to supporters in their cars.

同時週日，在北卡羅來納州特勒姆市的駕車集會上，民主黨總統候選人拜登也對支持者發表了演說。

Folks, as my coach used to say at college, "It's go time!"

夥計們，就像我在大學時期的教練常說的：「是時候了！」

I'm running as a proud Democrat, but I will govern as an American president.

我現在是以自豪的民主黨人參選，但我將以美國總統的身份執政。

No red states, no blue states, just the United States.

不分紅州 (傾向支持共和黨) 、藍州 ( 傾向支持民主黨) ，只有美洲。

I promise you: I'll work as hard for those who don't support me as those who did.

我向你們保證：無論是否支持我，我都會為你們付出一樣的努力。

But it's not just the presidential candidates who are working to get votes.

但在努力爭取選票的人，不只是總統候選人。

As we reported last Thursday, every voting seat in the U.S House of Representatives is up for election.

正如我們上週四所報導的那樣，美國眾議院的每個投票席位都將進行選舉。

Democrats currently control that chamber with 232 seats to the Republicans 197.

民主黨現在以 232 個席位控制眾議院，共和黨 197 個席位。

There's one Libertarian and five vacant seats in the House.

美國眾議院有一個自由黨黨員和五個職位的空缺。

In the Senate, 35 seats just over a third or up for election.

美國參議院席位中，有超過三分之一或以上共 35 個席位將進行改選。

Republicans currently controlled that chamber, with 53 seats to the Democrats 45.

共和黨以 53 個席位控制著眾議院，而民主黨則佔了 45 個席位。

There are two independents who vote with the Democrats.

有兩名無黨派人士投票給民主黨。

And in addition to all that, thousands of state and local officials are trying to win the vote.

除此之外，數以千計的州和地方官員也在努力贏得選票。

So Americans have seen dozens of signs and ads for candidates not named Biden or Trump.

所以，美國人可看到了數十個招牌和廣告，而這些廣告和候選人名字都不是拜登或川普。

But unlike those elections and the ballot measures, when voters themselves get to decide a law issue, the vote for the presidency is not direct.

但與那些選舉和投票方法不同的是，當選民自己考量法律問題時，總統票選並不是直接民選。

It's for electors, members of the Electoral College who ultimately decide who sits in the White House.

它是為了選舉人，選舉人團的成員們將決定最終誰能進入白宮，登上總統一職。

Americans do not vote directly for their president.

美國人的總統票選不是直接民選。

I'm not talking about a government conspiracy.

我並不是在講什麼政府的陰謀論。

I'm talking about the Electoral College, a system that has been around since the birth of our nation.

我是在介紹選舉人團，自我們國家成立以來就一直存在的制度。

What is the Electoral College?

什麼事選舉人團？

The Electoral College is not a building or institution.

選舉人團不是一棟建築，也不是一個機構。

It's just the name given to a designated group of people who cast each state's official votes for president.

這只是給各州投票選舉總統的指定人群取的名字。

This group is made up of 538 people.

這個團體是由 538 人組成。

Each state has a different number of electors based on their representatives in Congress.

各州會根據在國會的代表有不同數量的選舉人。

So states like California and Texas have more votes than states like North and South Dakota.

因此，像加州和德州的選票會比北達科他州和南達科他州還多。

The only exception?

唯一例外？

The District of Columbia, which has three electors despite not having any voting members in Congress.

哥倫比亞特區，儘管在國會沒有任何有投票權的成員，卻有三名選舉人。

How does it work?

它是如何運作的呢 ？

Each party selects their own group of electors.

每個政黨都會選出自己的選舉人。

Each state that empowers the electors who represent the candidate who won the most votes, except Nebraska and Maine, who award electors based on a combination of statewide results and districts won.

除了內布拉斯加州和緬因州，各州都賦予選民權力去投票選出票數最多的候選人，他們可以根據全州的選舉結果和獲勝選區來授予選舉人。

The candidate who receives at least 270 Electoral College votes becomes the next president.

獲得選舉人團至少 270 張選票的候選人，將成為下一屆總統。

What if there's a tie?

如果票數相等怎麼辦？

If there is a tie or if somebody doesn't get to 270 , the House of Representatives appoints the president and the Senate chooses the vice president.

如果票數相等或沒有超過 270 張選票的話，眾議院就會任命總統，而參議院會選出副總統。

Why does this system exist?

為什麼這機制會存在呢？

In short, the Electoral College was created as a compromise of several different proposals by the nation's founders.

簡而言之，選舉人團的創立是由美國建國者們許多不同提議的折衷方案。

Critics say the system allows candidates to become president without necessarily securing a majority of voter support.

批評人士表示，此制度讓候選人在不一定獲得多數選民支持的情况下，也成為總統。

Advocates argue it ensures less populated states aren't completely ignored.

提倡者辯道，這可以確保人口較少的州不會完全被忽略。

How are these people selected?

選舉人團的人是如何被選出來的呢？

The electors are chosen by their political parties in each state.

選舉人是由每個州的政黨選出。

The only rule is that they cannot currently hold office.

唯一的原則是他們當前不能任職。

Can an elector ignore the popular vote?

選舉人可以無視民意嗎？

Yes, it's called a faithless elector, but it's rare, and it has never affected the outcome of an election.

可以，這叫做失信選舉人，但是很少見，而且它從未影響過選舉的結果。

Some states require formal pledges enforced by fines and possible jail time, but, historically speaking, members rarely depart from the will of the people.

有些州要求正式誓言以實施罰款和可能的監禁，但綜觀歷史，幾乎沒有成員會背離人民的意願。

One big reason why 27 million of those people have made their will known ahead of Election day: concerns about coronavirus.

在大選日前表明自己意願的 2700 萬人中有一個重要原因是：對新冠肺炎的擔憂。

They're trying to avoid crowded public polling places on November 3rd, even though they've been waiting in some very long lines to vote early.

他們試圖避開 11 月 3 日擁擠的公共投票站，甚至提前去排長長的隊伍等待投票。

The number of COVID cases has been increasing in most US states, but a top infectious disease specialist says another nationwide lockdown is not the answer, at least not at this point.

在美國大多數州的新冠肺炎病例不斷增加，但一位頂尖傳染病專家表示，再次全國封城並不是解决問題的辦法，至少現在不是。

Instead, he's urging Americans to avoid crowds, gather in small groups outdoors and wear masks.

取而代之的是他力勸美國人民避開人群、勿在戶外聚集，並戴上口罩。

In Europe, however, there are countries considering closures once again.

然而，歐洲許多國家考慮再次封城。

I'm Ben Wedeman.

我是 Ben Wedeman。

In Naples Sunday evening, Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conti announced new measures to try to slow the second wave of coronavirus here.

義大利總理 Giuseppe Conti 週日晚間在那不勒斯宣佈了新措施，試圖減緩第二波新冠肺炎的擴散。

They were, however, fairly modest measures, simply limiting some forms of social gathering.

然而，這些措施相當溫和，只是限制了一些形式的社交聚會。

For the last five days in a row, Italy has reported record increases in the number of new coronavirus cases.

據連續五天的報告顯示，意大利新冠肺炎病例數創紀錄地新增。

Increases the likes of which we never saw here during the darkest days of the pandemic earlier this year.

且今年疫情初期最嚴重時，我們都還沒見過這種狀況。

I'm Salma Abdelaziz in Manchester, where we finally have a breakthrough after a dayslong standoff between the authorities here and the government of Prime Minister Boris Johnson over plans to raise the alert level of the city.

我是位在曼徹斯特的 Salma Abdelaziz ，經過當局與總理 Boris Johnson 政府為期一天的對峙之後，我們終於取得了突破，使國家提高警覺。

The mayor says that he has had constructive talks with the government.

市長說他與政府進行了建設性的會談。

We've also heard from the housing secretary that a larger financial package will be offered to the city to help affected businesses.

我們也從房屋大臣那得知，該市將提供一個更大的金融計畫以幫助那些受影響的企業。

The government says it is hopeful that a conclusion will be reached today, but it's important to remember Manchester is just one city.

政府表示希望今天能得出結論，但重要的是曼徹斯特只是一個城市。

Imagine having to negotiate these restrictions city by city, town by town.

想像如果每個城市、每個城鎮都要這樣協商限制。

That's part of the reason why the country's scientific advisers are calling for a nationwide lockdown.

這也是該國科學顧問呼籲全國封城的部分原因。

I'm Scott McLain in Berlin, where the chancellor is urging Germans to abide by coronavirus rules as the number of infections continues to rise.

我是位在柏林的 Scott McLain，隨著感染人數持續上升，德國總理敦促人民遵守疫情規則。

Meanwhile, in nearby Prague, people protested the new restrictions there over the weekend, with no social distancing and few masks in sight.

與此同時的周末，在布拉格附近，人們缺乏社交距離，也沒戴口罩在抗議新的限制。

I'm Melissa Bell in Paris.

我是位在巴黎的 Melissa Bell。

Here in France, the daily rises in new coronavirus cases for the fourth day in a row above 25,000.

在法國，新冠肺炎病例連續第四天新增超過 25000 例。

This as the curfews came into effect in 10 French cities, including here in Paris from midnight on Friday.

這是因為宵禁在 10 個法國城市生效，包括週五巴黎從午夜開始。

It's going to take some time, though for those to have an impact--if they do--on the number of new cases.

不過，如果這真的能對感染人口的數量產生影響的話，那還需要一段時間。

And, of course, all eyes are very much on what these massive rises in new cases are gonna mean for the number of I.C.U beds taken up by coronavirus patients.

當然，所有的目光都集中在新病例的大量增加，而新冠肺炎病患對佔據加護監護病房床位的影響。

Already nationally, it is above 35 percent.

全國已經超過 35%。

And in places like the greater Paris region, 46.8.

而像是大巴黎地區也已達 46.8%。

10 second trivia!

十秒問答！

Who or what is 2018VP1?

2018VP1是誰，或是什麼？

An asteroid, a comet, Mike Pence, or the first Masked Singer?

小行星、彗星、麥克·彭斯，還是第一位蒙面歌手？

It's a bird?

是一隻鳥？

It's a plane?

是一架飛機？

No! It's an asteroid that's headed toward Earth as you watch this show.

錯！它是一顆當你在正收看此節目時，朝著地球衝來的小行星。

And it could hit the Earth one day before the U.S. election--but it probably won't.

它可能在美國總統大選投票前一天撞上地球，但幾乎不可能。

Scientists have known about this asteroid since 2018.

自 2018 年，科學家就已知道這小行星的存在。

It's about the size of a refrigerator, and they say there's a chance of one in 240 that it will enter Earth's atmosphere on November 2nd.

它是一個冰箱的大小，還有人說它有 240 分之一的機率在 11 月 2 日進入地球大氣層。

But even if 2018VP1 is on a path to do that, astronomers say it'll disintegrate and burn up in our atmosphere before it hits the ground beneath our feet.

但是即使 2018VP1 真的朝著這樣的行徑方向，天文學家們表示，它在撞擊我們的地面前就會在我們的大氣層中解體，並燃燒殆盡。

Many of them are far more interested in another asteroid named Bennu.

他們大多數人對另一顆名叫 Bennu 的小行星更感興趣。

NASA has a US$1.16 billion mission, in which a spacecraft is going to try to touch down on Bennu, collect a sample of its surface and bring it back home to Earth in 2023.

美國太空總署有一項價值 11.6 億美元的任務，其中一艘太空船將試圖降落在 Bennu 收集其表面樣本，並於 2023 年帶回地球。

It's taking so long because the asteroid and the spacecraft are 200 million miles from Earth.

它之所以會花那麼長的時間是因為小行星和太空船距離地球 2 億英里。

But if it works, it will be the first time a sample from a rock in space is brought back to our planet.

但如果成功的話，這會是人類第一次將太空岩石的樣本帶回我們的星球。

NASA should know by Tuesday if the sample collection successfully took place.

美國太空總署應該會在週二前知道樣本採集是否成功。

Well, the moon is set to get a 4G network, and it may be more reliable than ours.

我們將在月球上架設一個 4G 網絡，而它可能比我們的更可靠。

There won't be any trees, buildings or TV signals to get in the way.

它不會有任何樹木、建築物或電視信號的阻擋。

But Carl, you might be asking: there are no people on the moon, why do this?

但 Carl，你可能會問： 月球上又沒有人，為什麼要架設？

So glad you asked.

很高興你問了。

NASA is hoping to build a moon base by 2028, and they figure it'll need wireless technology.

美國太空總署希望在 2028 年前建立一個月球基地，且他們認為將需要無線技術。

So they gave Bell Labs US$14 million to build out a 4G network on the moon, and it'll be upgradable to 5G.

它們給了貝爾實驗室 1400 萬美元在月球上架設 4G 網絡，而且該網絡也可以升級至 5G。

The 2028 is many moons from now.

2028 年離現在還很遙遠。

5G technology may no longer be out of this world by then.

到時候 5G 技術應該已經問世了。

Technology buffs may 5-"jeer" at it, saying putting something so dated on the moon is sheer lunar-cy.

技術愛好者可能會感到「驚訝」，在月球上放一些過時的東西，真的很「月亮」。

Maybe ET can phone home, but it might be to dial up a complaint about a slow connection.

也許外星人會打電話到家裡，但可能是在抱怨網速很慢的投訴電話。

I'm Carl Azuz.

我是 Carl Azuz。

Hey, speaking of planetary connections, it is great to see the students of the American Embassy School in New Delhi today.

嘿，談到行星間的連接，今天很高興見到在新德里的美國大使館學校學生們。

Thank you for watching from the Indian capital.

感謝你們在印度首都的收看。

Come on back tomorrow for more CNN.

明天同一時間敬請收看 CNN 。