and lifestyle.

和生活方式。

But there are several more often overlooked qualities that make up an important component

但是，還有幾個經常被忽視的品質，構成了重要的組成部分。

in your long term happiness and career satisfaction.

在您的長期幸福和事業滿意度方面。

Here is what you shouldn't overlook when considering a specialty as a medical student

以下是作為醫學生在考慮專業時不應該忽略的內容。

and future physician.

和未來的醫生。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

朱波醫生，醫派內參網。

First, you don't need to know what specialty you're going into until the second half

首先，你不需要知道你要進入什麼專業，直到下半年為止

of medical school.

醫學院的。

I thought I wanted to be a pediatric gastroenterologist throughout college, but I didn't have any

我在大學期間一直以為自己想成為一名小兒消化科醫生，但我沒有任何

experience shadowing one.

經歷過跟蹤一。

I was just a gastroenterology patient myself, having been diagnosed with Crohn's colitis

我自己只是一個胃腸病患者，被診斷為克羅恩結腸炎。

at the age of 18.

年滿18歲；

During the summer after my first year of medical school, I finally got exposure to the field

在醫學院一年級後的暑假，我終於接觸到了這個領域。

from a provider perspective through clinical research in pediatric endoscopy.

通過小兒內鏡的臨床研究，從提供者的角度出發。

At that point, I quickly realized it wasn't for me.

那時候，我很快意識到它不適合我。

Luckily, I had an inkling that surgery would be a better fit, but I never stepped foot

幸運的是，我預感到手術是比較合適的，但我一直沒有踏出這一步。

in the operating room until my third year, when I quickly fell in love with plastic surgery.

在手術室裡，直到第三年，我很快就愛上了整形外科。

That being said, it would be strange to work tirelessly through your premed and medical

話說回來，如果能孜孜不倦地完成你的醫學預科和醫學工作，那才是怪事呢

school years, wanting to become a doctor, without some idea of the type of physician

在學校的時候，想成為一名醫生，但對醫生的類型沒有一些概念

you're aspiring to be.

你渴望成為。

After all, the life of a neurosurgeon is much different than the life of a family medicine

畢竟，神經外科醫生的生活和家庭醫生的生活大不相同。

physician, and it's unlikely that both are equally appealing to you.

醫師，也不可能兩者對你有同樣的吸引力。

In my previous video on How to Choose a Specialty, we touched on key areas you should focus on.

在我之前關於如何選擇專業的視頻中，我們提到了你應該關注的關鍵領域。

By watching that video in conjunction with this, you'll have a comprehensive understanding

通過觀看該視頻的同時，你會對該視頻有一個全面的瞭解。

of the various factors you should consider.

的各種因素，你應該考慮。

When you're young, you feel like you'll live forever.

當你年輕的時候，你覺得你會永遠活著。

I knew medicine was going to be a long grind with delayed gratification, but I wasn't

我知道醫學會是一個漫長的磨練，遲遲不能得到滿足，但我並沒有

afraid of hard work.

怕辛苦。

I had already grinded hard for 4 years of college without issue, so what's another

我已經努力地磨練了4年的大學，沒有問題，那麼，再來一次又算什麼呢

4 years of medical school plus 3-7 years of residency?

4年醫學院加3-7年住院醫師？

If you've ever ran a marathon or rode a century on your bike, you understand the first

如果你曾經跑過馬拉松或者騎自行車跑過一個世紀，你就會明白第一場比賽的意義。

half isn't really an issue.

一半不是真正的問題。

It's in the second half that you're truly tested.

下半場才是真正考驗你的時候。

The same thing applies here with medical training.

醫學培訓在這裡同樣適用。

No matter how much I or any other physician tells you how rigorous medical training will

無論我或其他醫生如何告訴你，嚴格的醫學訓練將如何

be, you won't truly understand it until you get there.

是，你不會真正理解它，直到你到達那裡。

Some thrive in it and welcome the challenge.

有些人在其中茁壯成長，歡迎挑戰。

Others prefer to have a semblance of a life, and that's totally ok.

其他人更喜歡有半點生活，這完全可以。

At the beginning of medical school, you and your classmates will be wide eyed and hopeful,

初入醫學院，你和同學們都會瞪大眼睛，充滿希望。

eagerly awaiting what lays ahead.

翹首以待，翹首以待。

But after a few years of slogging away, the importance of lifestyle and more manageable

但經過幾年的磨礪，生活方式的重要性和更多的可控性。

training will become front and center.

培訓將成為前沿和中心。

Your friend who was all about orthopedic surgery first year may be applying to family medicine

你那個第一年只顧著骨科的朋友，可能要報考家庭醫學科了

or anesthesia instead.

或麻醉代替。

And there's no shame in that.

而這並不丟人。

After medical school, your training isn't over.

醫學院畢業後，你的訓練還沒有結束。

The shortest residencies are 3 years in duration, including internal medicine and pediatrics.

最短的住院醫師任期為3年，包括內科和兒科。

Many are 4 years, such as emergency medicine and anesthesiology.

很多都是4年，比如急診科和麻醉科。

Surgical specialties are usually longer, with orthopedic surgery, urology, and general surgery

外科專業一般較長，有骨科、泌尿外科、普外科等。

at 5 years.

5年時。

The longest in duration are plastic surgery at 6 and neurosurgery at 7.

時間最長的是整形外科，為6人，神經外科為7人。

Some other fields require fellowship.

其他一些領域需要研究金。

For example, gastroenterology and cardiology tack on 3 years of fellowship training after

例如，消化內科和心內科在完成以下工作後，還要接受3年的進修。

completing 3 years of internal medicine residency, for a total of 6 years of additional training

完成3年的內科住院醫師培訓，共計6年的額外培訓。

after medical school.

醫學院畢業後。

If you want to subspecialize surgically, there's usually a 1 or 2 year fellowship tacked onto

如果你想在外科方面進行分科，通常會有1到2年的研究金。

the end of your already lengthy surgical training.

結束你已經漫長的外科訓練。

Sit down and do the math.

坐下來算一算。

If you imagine yourself having kids and a family by the time you're 30, but you also

如果你想象自己在30歲的時候有了孩子和家庭，但你還

want to be a neurosurgeon subspecializing in neuro-oncology requiring a 2 year fellowship,

想成為一名神經外科醫生，亞專業的神經腫瘤學，需要2年的獎學金。

the soonest you'll be done is 33.

你最快也要33歲才能完成。

That is, assuming you graduate college at 22 and go straight to medical school without

就是說，假設你22歲大學畢業，直接去醫學院，而不

taking any time off.

請假。

If you're like the average medical school matriculant and start medical school at the

如果你和普通醫學院預科生一樣，從醫學院開始在

age of 24, after taking a year or two off from college, you'll be 35.

24歲，從大學休學一兩年後，你就35歲了。

And to match into something competitive like neurosurgery, many medical students also take

而為了匹配到像神經外科這樣有競爭力的東西，很多醫學生也會考取

a research year to make their application more competitive for residency, which brings

研究年，使他們的住院醫師申請更有競爭力，這為他們帶來了更多的機會。

us to 36.

我們到36。

You may be the type of person who that doesn't phase, and that's great.

你可能是那種不相干的人，這很好。

You probably have excellent work ethic and don't mind delayed gratification.

你可能有很好的職業道德，不介意延遲滿足。

But most people don't like the idea of being in rigorous training until their mid 30's,

但大多數人都不喜歡在30歲之前進行嚴格的訓練。

especially while their friends and peers are happily living their lives.

尤其是當他們的朋友和同齡人在快樂地生活時。

Tying in with the timeline in training is how rigorous your specialty will be — both

與培訓的時間表相聯繫的是你的專業會有多嚴格--既是

during medical school and in residency.

在醫學院和住院醫師期間；

If you want to get into dermatology or plastic surgery, by far the two most competitive specialties,

如果你想進入皮膚科或整形外科，到目前為止，是競爭最激烈的兩個專業。

you'll have to work harder than your classmates in medical school and truly excel, performing

你要比你在醫學院的同學更努力，真正做到優秀，表現出

at the top of your class to be a serious candidate.

在你的班級中名列前茅，成為一個嚴肅的候選人。

And while in residency, understand that most surgical specialties will be incredibly challenging

而在住院醫師期間，要明白大多數外科專業都會有極大的挑戰性。

and rigorous, often pushing 80 or more hours per week.

並嚴格要求，經常每週推送80小時以上。

It's not uncommon for surgical specialties to violate the 80 hour work week restrictions

外科專業違反每週80小時工作限制的情況並不少見。

mandated by the ACGME.

由ACGME授權。

Non-surgical specialties are less likely to push you to this extreme, and if they do,

非手術專科不太可能把你逼到這個極端，如果有的話。

it's usually for much shorter bouts — maybe one or two months in a year.

它通常是更短的陣痛--一年中可能有一兩個月。

If you choose something like anesthesiology, on the other hand, you can expect to work

如果你選擇像麻醉學這樣的東西，另一方面，你可以期望工作。

50-60 hours during your residency.

住院期間50-60小時。

Or if you go with family medicine, 9-5 hours are more the norm, even in residency.

或者如果你選擇家庭醫學，朝九晚五更是常態，即使是在住院醫師。

Keep in mind that your hours as an attending, after finishing residency, are also highly

請記住，在完成住院醫師培訓後，您作為主治醫師的工作時間也很重要。

variable, with surgeons working longer hours on average.

變化，外科醫生平均工作時間更長。

It's human nature to care about how people treat you – do patients respect you or resent

人的天性就是關心別人對你的態度--病人是尊重你還是反感你？

you?

你呢？

How about your colleagues?

你的同事呢？

For each person, this can vary in importance, and for each specialty, you'll find this

對於每個人來說，重要性會有所不同，而對於每個專業來說，你會發現這個

highly variable as well.

變化很大，也。

For example, if you work in the emergency department, you'll come across hostile patients

例如，如果你在急診科工作，你會遇到敵對的病人。

more frequently than the average pediatrician.

比一般兒科醫生更頻繁。

But if you don't like crying kids, pediatrics probably isn't for you anyway.

但如果你不喜歡哭鬧的孩子，反正兒科可能不適合你。

As an aesthetic plastic surgeon you'll likely come across your fair share of entitled and

作為一個美容整形外科醫生，你很可能會遇到你的公平份額，有權和。

difficult patients who are impossible to please.

難纏的病人，不可能討好。

Maybe anesthesiology is a better fit, as you'll be putting patients to sleep and won't have

也許麻醉學更適合你 因為你會讓病人睡覺，而且不用擔心病人的安危

to deal with much of that.

來處理很多的問題。

But as an anesthesiologist, you'll be second in command in the operating room, as it's

但作為麻醉師，你在手術室裡會是第二把手，因為它是...

the surgeon's domain.

外科醫生的領域。

Surgeons and anesthesiologists are working on the same team as colleagues, but anesthesiologists

外科醫生和麻醉師在同一個團隊中工作，與同事一樣，但麻醉師

sometimes find themselves on the receiving end of a surgeon's bad day.

有時會發現自己在接受外科醫生的壞日子。

You don't see it the other way around.

你沒有看到它的其他方式。

There are some secondary and tertiary considerations to also keep in mind.

有一些二級和三級的注意事項也要注意。

How is your specialty practice affected by the economy and national healthcare changes?

您的專業實踐如何受到經濟和國家醫療變革的影響？

For example, aesthetic plastic surgery won't thrive during large downturns in the economy,

例如，在經濟大幅下滑時，美容整形手術不會蓬勃發展。

as most people have less discretionary spending and are unable to justify cosmetic procedures.

因為大多數人可自由支配的消費較少，無法證明整容的合理性。

However, if reimbursement through insurance decreases, reconstructive plastic surgeons

然而，如果通過保險報帳減少，重建整形外科醫生

can always fall back to an aesthetic cash based practice and be relatively unaffected.

可以隨時回落到以審美現金為主的做法，相對不受影響。

On the other hand, an emergency medicine physician's work is relatively unchanged, regardless of

另一方面，急診科醫生的工作是相對不變的，無論

what's going on in the economy.

在經濟中發生了什麼。

People have emergencies and need medical treatment whether bull or bear market.

不管是牛市還是低迷的市場，人們都有急診，需要醫療。

But if reimbursement changes, there isn't much that they can do about it.

但如果報帳發生變化，他們也沒有什麼辦法。

And while this shouldn't be a focus, particularly this early in your career, consider what type

雖然這不應該是一個重點，特別是在你的職業生涯的早期，考慮什麼樣的。

of practice you're drawn to.

的做法，你被吸引到。

For some specialties, private practice is becoming less feasible, and working as an

對於某些專業，私人執業越來越不可行，而作為一個專業人員工作。

employee at a larger hospital or medical group is more common.

大醫院或醫療集團的員工比較常見。

If you're unsure what type of doctor you want to be, that's totally normal, but now

如果你不確定你想成為什麼類型的醫生，那是完全正常的，但是現在

is the time to give this some thought.

是時候考慮一下這個問題了。

The earlier you have clarity, the better.

越早明確越好。

Shadowing physicians is less feasible now with the state of the world.

現在的世界狀況，影子醫生不太可行。

In the meantime, check out our So You Want to Be series, where we highlight individual

同時，請查看我們的 "你想成為 "系列，在這裡，我們將重點介紹個人。

specialties within medicine, doing a deep dive to help you determine if it would be

醫學內的專業，做一個深層次的研究，幫助你確定是否會有

a good fit for you.

一個適合你的。

And regardless of what you choose, it always benefits you to keep your options open, in

無論你選擇什麼，保持選擇的開放性總是對你有利的，在。

case you decide to pursue something competitive like orthopedic surgery.

萬一你決定從事像骨科手術這樣有競爭力的事情。

At Med School Insiders, we specialize in helping students maximize their potential and be the

在Med School Insiders，我們專注於幫助學生最大限度地發揮他們的潛能，成為

most competitive candidates possible.

儘可能多的候選人。

Visit MedSchoolInsiders.com to learn more.

訪問MedSchoolInsiders.com瞭解更多。

Thank you all so much for watching.

非常感謝大家的觀看。

Check out my last video on choosing a specialty, and if you haven't already, go through our

查看我上一個關於選擇專業的視頻，如果你還沒有，請通過我們的

So You Want to Be playlist to learn more about individual specialties.

所以，你想成為的播放列表，瞭解更多的個人特長。

Much love, and I'll see you guys in that next one.

很愛你們，我們下一場見。