Name: 【CNN10】起死回生的風暴、hollerin 傳統溝通藝術 (A Zombie Storm...Thanks 2020 | September 24, 2020)
Uploaded: 2020-10-19T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 10 min 1 s

Here we go with brand-new edition of CNN 10.

First story today is about a warning from the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

今天的第一個事件是關於聯邦調查局的警告。

It's telling Americans to be on guard against disinformation in the upcoming presidential election.

它在告訴美國人，在即將舉行的總統選舉中要警惕假消息。

Disinformation is not only false information or fake news, it's false information that spread intentionally to influence the public or cause instability.

假消息不只是指錯誤的資訊或假新聞，也是為了左右大眾或製造混亂而故意散播的假資訊。

And the FBI says people in other countries may be trying to spread disinformation when it comes to the results of the election that's scheduled to take place on November 3rd.

聯邦調查局表示，其他國家的人可能試圖在 11 月 3 日舉行的選舉結果上散播假消息。

Most of the time, Americans know the winner on election night.

通常，美國人會在大選投票日當晚揭曉勝負。

There's no law that requires results than its tradition, but especially this year, results may not be known on November 3rd because of greater interest in mail-in voting.

這不是法律的規定而是傳統，但今年比較特別，選舉結果不一定能在 11 月 3 日公布，因為人們更關注郵遞投票。

In the past, most Americans have voted in person at polling places.

以往，大多數美國人都是親自到投票現場投票。

The Pew Research Center says the share of mailed-in ballots was just over 20% in 2016.

皮尤研究中心表示，2016 年郵寄選票的比例略高於 20%。

But that's been rising steadily since 1996 and it's expected to increase more in this election because of concerns about the possible spread of coronavirus at public polling places.

但自 1996 年以來一直有增加的趨勢，因擔心新冠肺炎可能在公共投票站傳播，預計在本次選舉中會增加更多。

With mail-in voting, state governments may not receive all of their ballots by election night and it may take a while to count them once they do come in.

由於是郵遞投票，州政府可能無法在投票日當晚收到所有選票，而收到選票後，他們也會需要一段時間來統計。

So what the FBI is concerned about is disinformation being spread while Americans wait for national results.

因此，聯邦調查局擔心的是在美國人等待國家結果的同時，會有人散播假消息。

The agency's director has said there's evidence that Russia is trying to interfere in the election.

聯邦調查局局長表示，他有證據證明俄羅斯在試圖干預選舉。

The Trump administration says Chinese interference is a major threat as well.

川普政府表示，中國的干涉也是一個極大的威脅。

Both of these countries have denied involvement in US elections, but the FBI says, to protect themselves, Americans should get their election information through trustworthy sources like official government websites.

上述這兩個國家皆否認有干預選舉，但聯邦調查局表示，為了保護自己，美國人應該透過可信賴的資源來獲取選舉的資訊，例如政府官網等。

Especially if they hear about delayed voting or results, and the FBI cautions people to watch out for unverified info on social media.

尤其是如果他們聽說延後投票或公布時間，而聯邦調查局提醒大家要小心社群媒體上無法證實的資訊。

As far as election night goes, one state that often gives a good indication of national results is Florida.

談到美國大選夜，有一州往往能顯示出全國的結果—佛羅里達州。

Shalom, folks, I'm Harry Enten, a senior political writer and analyst here at CNN.

大家好，我叫 Harry Enten，是 CNN 的資深政治作家和分析師。

And we're gonna talk about the importance of swing states, particularly the biggest daddy of them all, Florida.

我們要探討那些搖擺州的重要性，尤其是其中最大的州—佛羅里達。

Because of the Electoral College, a candidate who doesn't win in the swing states is not gonna become president even if they win more votes nationwide.

因為有選舉團的存在，在搖擺州沒有獲勝的候選人即使在全國贏得再多選票，也無法成為總統。

And when it comes to the swing states, perhaps no swing state is more important than Florida.

而談到搖擺州，大概沒有任何州比佛羅里達更重要了。

No Republican has won the presidency without winning Florida since Calvin Coolidge in 1924.

自從 1924 年的 Calvin Coolidge 以來，沒有一個共和黨候選人能在沒贏得佛羅里達州選票的情況下，得到總統一職。

And only two Democrats, John Kennedy in 1960 and Bill Clinton in 1992, have ever won the presidency without carrying the Sunshine State.

而只有兩個民主黨人在沒有贏得陽光之州 (佛羅里達) 選票的情況下，贏得總統職位，他們分別是 1960 年的 John Kennedy 和 1992 年的 Bill Clinton 。

Indeed, very few states have voted more like the nation than Florida over the past five elections.

事實上，在過去的五次選舉中，極少有州比佛羅里達更像全國的選情走勢。

In 2020, it looks like Florida's gonna play a key role once again

2020 年，佛羅里達州似乎會再次扮演關鍵角色。

So why does Florida vote a lot like the nation?

那麼，為什麼佛羅里達的選票和選情走勢如此接近呢？

If you look at the likely electorate come 2020, white voters in Florida will make up a very similar percentage that they do nationwide.

如果你看一下 2020 年可能去投票的選民，佛羅里達州的白人選民所占比例將與全國相當。

And when it comes to black and Hispanic voters, Florida is the only one of the major swing states in which they'll likely make up at least 10% of the electorate.

至於黑人和西班牙裔選民，佛羅里達州是在重要搖擺州之中，唯一一個可能在選民中至少佔 10％ 的一州。

But perhaps the most important reason to pay so much attention to Florida is that it will count its votes very, very quickly.

但其實最重要的原因是，佛羅里達州的選票統計速度之快。

All votes by mail, with just a few exceptions, have to be in by the time polls close.

除了少數例外，所有郵寄的選票都必須在投票結束前提交。

That's very much unlike a lot of the other important swing states.

這和很多其他重要的搖擺州很不一樣。

Given that Florida so closely represents the country, it could be an early indication of how voters feel this election.

鑑於佛羅里達如此緊密地代表著整個國家，這可能是選民對此次選情走勢的初步的判斷。

What happens when meteorologists run out of storm names in a hurricane season?

當氣象學家在颶風季節想不到風暴名稱的話會怎麼辦呢？

Do they recycle old names, use the Greek alphabet, use the NATO alphabet, or start next year's list?

他們會回收舊名稱、使用希臘字母、使用北約字母，還是開始用明年的清單？

If all names were used in a single season's list, meteorologists turned to the Greek alphabet.

如果所有的名稱都在同一個季節清單中用完，氣象學家就會使用希臘字母。

That happened this year after Tropical Storm Wilfred, the last name on the list, formed on September 18th.

這種事發生在今年 9 月 18 日熱帶風暴 Wilfred 形成後，而它是清單上的最後一個名字。

Two more storms followed, Alpha and Beta.

接者又有兩場風暴，Alpha 和 Beta 風暴 。

The second of which flooded Houston and other parts of southeast Texas this week.

其中第二場風暴本週淹沒了休斯頓和德州東南部的某些地區。

The need for Greek names doesn't come up often.

很少有需要用到希臘名字的時候。

Since storms started getting names in 1953, meteorologists only ran out one other time in 2005 when there were a record 27 named storms.

自從 1953 年風暴開始取名後，氣象學家在 2005 年用盡一次，據記錄當時命名了 27 個風暴名稱。

今年到目前為止，已經有 23 個了。

That includes Tropical Storm Paulette, which is said to be back from the dead like a zombie.

這其中就包括熱帶風暴 Paulette，據說它像殭屍一樣起死回生。

It hit Bermuda as a category one hurricane and strengthened to category two status on September 14th.

9 月 14 日，它以一級颶風襲擊百慕達，並增強為二級颶風。

But then, it lost strength and speed over the Atlantic, and wandered as a low-pressure system until Monday.

但後來它在大西洋上失去了強度和速度，並以低壓系統的狀態徘徊直到週一。

That's when Paulette regained strength and its tropical storm status a few hundred miles from the Azores Islands.

這時 Paulette 在距離亞速群島幾百英里的地方，恢復了強度和熱帶風暴狀態。

A CNN meteorologist says zombie storms are rare, but they have happened before.

CNN 的一位氣象學家表示，起死回生的風暴極罕見，但之前也有發生過。

OK, this next story is gonna give you something to holler about.

好了，接下來的事件會讓你大聲叫好。

We'd tell you to holler if you'd heard this one before, but you probably haven't, unless you're from Spivey's Corner, North Carolina.

如果你以前記得的話，我們之前曾告訴你大聲叫喊，但這你一定沒聽過，除非你是來自北卡羅來納州的 Spiveys Corner。

Here's how farmers used to communicate across the countryside.

這是過去農民在農村的溝通方式。

Two-time champ of the National Hollerin' Contest of Spivey's Corner, North Carolina.

兩次...北卡羅來納州 Spiveys Corner 的 Hollerin 比賽冠軍。

Hollerin' is a controlled sound that farmers used to communicate with one another before they had modern conveniences like electricity or telephones.

Hollerin 是一種在電力和電話等現代便利設備前，農民互相交流的叫聲。

Hollers had a certain rhythm and a modulation that would create an echo that would travel over a long distance.

Holler 有特定的節奏感，且是一種會產生迴音、讓它傳得更遠的語調。

There are actually four types of hollers.

It serves a purpose such as calling down to a field or calling up from a field when you needed something.

它的目的是例如你需要什麼東西的時候，你就向山上或山下呼喊。

You're communicating a message such as good morning, good evening.

你在傳達一個訊息，例如早安、晚安。

Number four, expressive, just for sheer fun.

第四，表現力，純粹只是為了娛樂。

Many times, that could be in the form of tunes or ditties.

很多時候可能是以曲調或小曲的形式。

These types of hollers were what the judges were looking for at the National Hollerin' Contest.

這些類型的 holler，是全國 Hollerin 大賽評審們評判的標準。

The first-ever National Hollerin' Contest was in 1969.

第一屆全國 Hollerin 大賽是在 1969 年。

It was started to raise funds for the local fire department.

它的發起是為了幫助當地的消防部門籌集資金。

1978年，我贏得了小學組的冠軍。

Everybody had their own twist that they put on.

The National Hollerin' Contest ran for about 48 years 'til 2015.

直到 2015 年，全國 Hollerin 大賽已持續了大約 48 年。

We created the Worldwide Hollerin' Festival that's located in Hope Mill to try to preserve and keep the tradition of hollerin' alive.

我們在 Hope Mil 創辦了世界 Hollerin 節，試著維護和延續這個傳統。

Hollerin' is an important piece of culture in this region because it helps us remember our past.

Hollerin 是這個地區的重要文化，因為它能讓我們記住我們的過去。

We can also appreciate the modern conveniences we have today.

我們也很欣賞現今的現代便利設備。

Hollerin' is part of simpler times and it's just something that we need to treasure because we need to know our history.

Hollerin 是在這時代裡較自然的部分，也是我們需要珍惜的東西，因為我們需要了解自己的歷史。

I love hollerin' 'cause it brings your community together and just the fellowship that you have with one another.

我喜歡 hollerin，因為它能把社區團結在一起，讓你與他人建立友誼。

我們希望能讓這個傳統延續下去。

Seems old technology has been knocking out new technology in the nation of Wales.

在威爾斯，舊技術似乎一直被新科技淘汰。

For the last 18 months, the broadband internet has been crashing every day at 7 a.m. in a Welsh village.

在過去的 18 個月裡，在威爾斯的一個村子裡，每天早上七點寬帶網絡就會斷線。

A team of engineers then detected a burst of electrical interference coming from a single house when the resident turned on an old TV each morning.

工程師團隊檢測出每天早上居民在房子裡打開一台舊電視時，傳來了一陣陣電波干擾。

Engineers say anything electrical can impact broadband connections.

工程師表示，任何有電的裝置都可能影響寬頻連線。

So people should keep their "antenna" up.

Stay tuned in and screen for anything that could "cat odiously" diffuse such a high volume of other information channels.

繼續關注我們，並掩蔽任何「可惡的貓」散佈大量其他的資訊頻道。

Lawton High School is in Lawton, Oklahoma.

位在奧克拉荷馬州的勞頓中學。