I found out how to talk to climate change Deniers is that you need to know your audience.

我發現如何與氣候變化否認者交談是，你需要了解你的聽眾。

This video is for people who accept the scientific consensus that human activity is causing global warming and therefore creating climate change.

這段視頻是給那些接受科學共識的人看的，他們認為人類活動造成了全球變暖，是以造成了氣候變化。

This video is going to be a step by step process about how to talk to climate change deniers in order to convince them the first thing you're going to do is ask questions.

這段視頻將是一個關於如何與氣候變化否認者交談的步驟，為了說服他們，你要做的第一件事就是提問。

Your instinct might be to start listing off all the scientific facts and statistics, but studies continue to show that with climate change deniers, fax don't matter.

你的本能可能會開始列舉所有的科學事實和統計數據，但研究繼續表明，對於氣候變化否認者，傳真並不重要。

Asking questions about them also keeps you from yelling, which sometimes is what you might want to do.

詢問有關它們的問題還能讓你不至於大喊大叫，而這有時是你可能想做的。

But we need you calm.

但我們需要你冷靜。

Which leads to the second point now, which is that science minded people.

這就引出了現在的第二點，那就是科學思維的人。

We're gonna have to go to the local library and take a class on how two story tell.

我們得去當地圖書館上一堂課，學習如何講兩個故事。

There's a neurological reason why we need stories, because the parts of our brains that react to stories, arm or linked to emotion and action and if you want a good example, think about the image and the story behind the straw in The Turtles knows it created the revolution of Straw.

我們需要故事是有神經學原因的，因為我們大腦中對故事有反應的部分，手臂或與情感和行動聯繫在一起，如果你想要一個好的例子，想想《海龜》中的形象和稻草背後的故事，就知道它創造了稻草的革命。

The straw revolution, the Revolution of the Strove.

稻草革命，斯特羅夫的革命。

That's why it's easier at parties to bond with people about stories about movies about true crime podcasts about spooky stories like my favorite one, Bernstein Bears in the Dark and the part of your brain that analyzes and processes scientific information is more related toe logical thinking and inaction.

這就是為什麼在聚會上更容易與人建立聯繫，關於電影關於真實犯罪的故事播客關於詭異的故事，比如我最喜歡的《黑暗中的伯恩斯坦熊》，而你大腦中分析和處理科學資訊的部分，更多的是與邏輯思維和不作為有關。

Some scholars think the scientific revolution in the Enlightenment was anti story.

有學者認為啟蒙運動中的科學革命是反故事。

Before that, people were like where the center off everything and that's rainbow over there.

在這之前，人們都喜歡的中心關閉一切，那是彩虹在那裡。

That is a spirit after the scientific revolution there, like we're actually the center of nothing.

那是科學革命之後的一種精神在那裡，就像我們其實是無中生有的中心。

We're just insignificant animals on a tiny planet revolving around the sun.

我們只是一個圍繞太陽旋轉的小星球上的微不足道的動物。

And an ever expanding universe was created billions of years ago.

而一個不斷膨脹的宇宙是在幾十億年前創造的。

And that rainbow over there that's just light through water, babe.

還有那邊的彩虹，那是透過水的光，寶貝。

So here are some stories to keep in your back pocket.

所以，這裡有一些故事要放在你的後口袋裡。

The first story I like to bring up all the time.

第一個故事我喜歡一直提起。

It's called the biggest lie about climate change.

這就是所謂的關於氣候變化的最大謊言。

I made a video about this.

我做了一個關於這個的視頻。

If you want to get all the detailed information, essentially large oil companies where some of the first people to fund scientists to figure out the impact of what would happen if we released all the CO two into the atmosphere they found very early on in the seventies and eighties that it would cause the destruction that is currently causing Right now.

如果你想得到所有的詳細信息， 基本上大型石油公司的一些人 資助科學家弄清楚會發生什麼影響 如果我們釋放所有的CO 2到大氣中，他們發現很早 在七十年代和八十年代，它將導致 破壞，目前造成現在。

They knew that if people found out they would be regulated and they would lose money, they lie to everyone, including your mom.

他們知道，如果被人發現會被監管，會賠錢，他們騙所有人，包括你媽。

They planted the seed of climate change denial, and now we're all suffering at the hands of them and they have billions of dollars and they need to be sued.

他們埋下了否認氣候變化的種子，現在我們都在他們手中受苦，他們有幾十億美元，他們需要被起訴。

And I think that this is a really important angle.

我認為這是一個非常重要的角度。

I think we can all get on board with the billionaires behind these oil companies being the bad guys.

我想我們都可以接受這些石油公司背後的億萬富翁是壞人。

In our narrative, there's a great Hollywood movie that you can watch with climate change and I or tell them tow watch and it's called Deepwater Horizon.

在我們的敘述中，有一部偉大的好萊塢電影，你可以看氣候變化，我或者告訴他們拖看，它叫《深水地平線》。

It's about the BP oil spill.

是關於英國石油公司的漏油事件。

You got romance, you got dad bods got bad guys, which are the oil execs trying to make billions of dollars while people die and the environment is destroyed.

你有浪漫，你有爸爸的身體，有壞人，這是石油公司的高管試圖賺取數十億美元，而人的死亡和環境被破壞。

Or maybe in this story, should the bad guy just be the molecule carbon dioxide like I don't know.

或者在這個故事裡，壞人應該只是二氧化碳的分子，比如我不知道。

I'm a little desperate here.

我有點絕望了。

I'm carbon dioxide and I'm going to kill you, or at least your great grandchildren.

我是二氧化碳，我要殺了你，至少是你的曾孫。

Now the climate crisis is becoming more and more apparent.

現在氣候危機越來越明顯。

Every day we're gonna be innate Lee having more and more stories about its effects.

每天我們都會先天李有更多的故事，關於它的影響。

And of course, we have Greta and the reason that she's working as she has an amazing story and she is emotional and she is honest, and that is what is resonating with people.

當然，我們有葛麗泰和她工作的原因，因為她有一個驚人的故事，她是情緒化的，她是誠實的，這就是人們的共鳴。

And if you choose to fail us, I say, we will never forgive you.

如果你選擇讓我們失望，我說，我們永遠不會原諒你。

Stories are important, but we also need to have the scientific information.

故事很重要，但我們也要掌握科學的資訊。

At a certain point in this conversation, you are going to need to be equipped.

在這個對話的某一時刻，你是需要裝備的。

At this point, maybe they're throwing some random studies.

這時，也許他們會隨機扔一些研究。

I throwing in some conspiracy theories to kind of spooky.

我加入了一些陰謀論，有點詭異。

And we can't be equipped to argue against every pseudoscience article about climate change now because to be honest, there's a lot of them.

而我們現在也不可能有能力去反對每一篇關於氣候變化的偽科學文章，因為說實話，有很多。

Thankfully, there is a specific website that does all of this work for you called skeptical science.

值得慶幸的是，有一個專門的網站為你做了這些工作，叫做懷疑論科學。

They take all the popular climate change denial arguments, and then they lay out very clearly the correct scientific data they linked to many peer reviewed articles on the subject.

他們採取了所有流行的氣候變化否認論點，然後他們非常清楚地列出了正確的科學數據，他們鏈接到許多同行審查的主題文章。

They also divided from beginner to expert.

他們還從初級到專家進行了劃分。

So depending on your comfort level with science, they give you a synopsis that fits for you.

所以根據你對科學的舒適度，他們會給你一個適合你的提綱。

If they're throwing things at you in this conversation, just ones that gotta be go to the bathroom, open up the website, find the argument they're telling you, get all the scientific backed information, open the studies, go sit down and be like, Well, look a here, baby, I got the goods.

如果他們在這個對話中向你拋出東西，只是那些得去洗手間，打開網站，找到他們告訴你的論點，得到所有科學支持的資訊，打開研究，去坐下來，並像，嗯，看一個在這裡，寶貝，我得到的貨物。

Or don't say it like that.

還是不要這樣說了。

It may be kind of sounds like you're hitting on them.

這可能是一種聽起來像你在打他們的主意。

I don't know if they could be cute.

我不知道他們會不會很可愛。

Hopefully, at this point, you might have got somewhere with them, but maybe not.

希望，在這一點上，你可能已經得到了他們的地方，但也許不是。

And that leads to the most challenging part of all of these conversations the most controversial part of this topic and something that I need your help with, which is the big ideological issue.

這就引出了所有這些對話中最具挑戰性的部分... ...這個話題中最具爭議性的部分，也是我需要你們幫助的地方，那就是意識形態的大問題。

Okay, we're going to zoom in on America right now.

好了，我們現在要放大美國的情況。

Look at America Center of the World yet again.

再看美國的世界中心。

Just kidding.

開玩笑的

I'm Canadian.

我是加拿大人

Very similar.

非常相似。

What?

什麼？

Climate change?

氣候變化？

Denial.

拒絕。

A lot of people think it has to do with religion.

很多人認為這與宗教有關。

It doesn't the main reason that people deny climate change, our political and economic ideologies.

這並不是人們否認氣候變化的主要原因，我們的政治和經濟意識形態。

The fundamental framework of climate change denial is that climate change is a liberal hoax fabricated in order to usher in secretly socialism.

否認氣候變化的基本框架是，氣候變化是自由主義者為了迎來祕密的社會主義而編造的騙局。

But what about the scientists who say it's worse than ever?

但科學家們說這比以往任何時候都要糟糕呢？

Uh, you have to show me the scientists because they have a very big political agenda.

呃，你得讓我看看那些科學家，因為他們有一個非常大的政治議程。

How does free market conservatives and relate to climate change very much so, relates to the policies that the left pushes in the name of global warming?

自由市場的保守派和與氣候變化的關係非常大，與左派以全球變暖的名義推行的政策有什麼關係？

You might start to realize that you butt heads with them about a specific thing, which is regulation whether we should be diverting our funds to support an ideology instead of maximizing our investments and national security.

你可能會開始意識到，你和他們對接的是一件具體的事情，那就是監管，我們是否應該把資金轉移到支持一種意識形態上，而不是把投資和國家安全最大化。

Psychological studies have actually found that people with a worldview mawr inclined towards collective action, social justice and skepticism of corporate power arm or likely to accept the scientific consensus on climate change.

心理學研究其實已經發現，具有世界觀的人莫爾傾向於集體行動、社會正義和對企業權力手臂的懷疑，或者很可能接受氣候變化的科學共識。

On the other hand, the same psychological studies found that those with the world view that's more individualistic, skeptical of government and more supportive of corporations, arm or likely to not accept the scientific consensus on climate change.

另一方面，同樣的心理學研究發現，那些世界觀比較個人主義、對政府持懷疑態度、對企業比較支持的人，武裝或可能不接受氣候變化的科學共識。

These are fundamental beliefs thes our worldviews, thes air people's identities.

這些都是我們世界觀的基本信念，是人們身份的空氣。

I think this is the crux of a lot of the conversations you will be having with the climate change denier.

我想這是你將與氣候變化否認者進行的很多對話的關鍵所在。

And so right now I'm gonna tell you the types of information that I have found.

所以現在我要告訴你我發現的資訊類型。

Debbie Dooley is a Republican Tea Party member who really is trying to combat climate change denial within their party.

黛比-杜利是共和黨茶黨成員，他真的是想在他們黨內打擊否認氣候變化的行為。

You have to understand one thing.

你必須明白一件事。

The Republican Party has always been in the past, a party of conservation.

共和黨在過去一直是一個保守的政黨。

She likes to point out that Richard Nixon created the EPA.

她喜歡指出，理查德-尼克松創建了環保局。

Interesting.

有意思

Give us all across this Great Land has a stake in maintaining and improving environmental quality.

給我們這塊大地上的所有人都帶來了維護和改善環境質量的利益。

Ronald Reagan signed the Montreal Protocol, which really helped to fix the big giant hole in our ozone layer.

羅納德-里根簽署了《蒙特利爾議定書》，它真正幫助修復了我們臭氧層的巨大漏洞。

Pretty goal.

漂亮的目標。

She likes to say things like a diverse energy grid leads to energy, freedom, energy choice, competition, national security, innovation.

她喜歡說諸如多元化的能源網會帶來能源、自由、能源選擇、競爭、國家安全、創新。

And I think those are obviously buzzwords, but they're good buzzwords.

我認為這些顯然是流行語，但它們是好的流行語。

And let's use them.

讓我們使用它們。

I do not know how we make climate change become a conversation outside of ideological issues.

我不知道我們如何讓氣候變化成為意識形態問題之外的對話。

So please, please, please help me in the comments below.

所以請大家在下面的評論中幫幫我。

I'm going to read them all.

我要把它們全部讀完。

Let me know if you have any suggestions, any books, any research to read.

如果你有什麼建議，有什麼書，有什麼研究要讀，請告訴我。

I guess this is me being vulnerable asking for help.

我想這是我脆弱的求救。

Which leads to the last point of the research that I found, which is that in these conversations you need to be vulnerable.

這就引出了我發現的研究的最後一點，那就是在這些對話中，你需要變得脆弱。

It is important that we talk about kids.

我們談論孩子是很重要的。

I became a science teacher because I love Children.

我之所以成為一名科學老師，是因為我愛孩子。

When I see kids start to think about the climate crisis and one of these kids gonna think when they grow up and look back and think we did nothing, let alone think that we denied what was going on.

當我看到孩子們開始思考氣候危機時，這些孩子中的一個會認為，當他們長大後回頭看，認為我們什麼都沒做，更不用說認為我們否認了正在發生的事情。

I can't even imagine what it would be like to be a kid right now.

我甚至無法想象現在的孩子會是什麼樣子。

I think we see them screaming at the Friday's for future marches, and being vulnerable and scared for the next generation could be a powerful tool in these conversations.

我認為我們看到他們在週五的未來遊行中尖叫，為下一代脆弱和害怕可能是這些對話的有力工具。

And it's up to us as adults to fight for these kids, climate change isn't gonna happen or not.

而作為成年人，我們要為這些孩子們爭取，氣候變化是不會發生的，也不會發生。

It's happening, and the way that we react to it and when we react to it is going to decide how severe this issue is going to be.

它正在發生，而我們對它的反應方式和反應時間將決定這個問題的嚴重程度。

We humans are amazing.

我們人類真了不起。

We make the musical Hamilton.

我們製作音樂劇《漢密爾頓》。

It's not recently and I was like, How did he do this way?

這不是最近，我就想，他怎麼會這樣？

Understand the Big Bang?

理解大爆炸？

We are brilliant people.

我們是優秀的人。

When we put our minds together, we can figure this out.

當我們把心思放在一起的時候，我們就可以把這個問題搞清楚。

So thanks for watching and peace.

所以，謝謝大家的觀看，祝大家平安。