Name: 航空業能否復甦？| CNBC報道 (Can the airline sector recover? | CNBC Reports)
Uploaded: 2020-10-08T19:17:45.000Z
Duration: 7 min 43 s

In April 2020, the CEO of the International Air Transport Association, or IATA

2020年4月，國際航空運輸協會（簡稱IATA）首席執行官。

remarked that the aviation industry  “has never seen a downturn this deep before"

談到航空業 "從未見過如此嚴重的衰退"

likening the Covid-19 pandemic to a war, which “has brought death and economic devastation.”

將Covid-19大流行病比作一場戰爭，"造成了死亡和經濟破壞"。

The air travel outlook at the start of the new decade was promising.

新十年伊始，航空旅行前景看好。

Demand was surging worldwide, fuelled by a growing middle class in emerging economies.

在新興經濟體不斷增長的中產階級的推動下，全世界的需求正在激增。

But with airplanes grounded and borders closed because of the pandemic,

但隨著飛機停飛，邊境因疫情而關閉。

many airlines and airports are    using this period of inactivity

許多航空公司和機場都在利用這段閒置時間。

The days of packed aircraft and limited legroom may be a thing of the past

飛機上人滿為患、腿部空間有限的日子可能已經成為過去。

With economies reopening, airlines are  implementing a slew of measures

隨著經濟的重新開放，航空公司正在實施一系列措施

As a passenger, my greatest concern is  actually my fellow passengers,

作為一名乘客，我最關心的其實是我的同伴。

I think knowing a background check on where the traveller has actually gone through

我想知道旅行者實際經歷過的背景調查。

and whether or not they pose as a risk to  actually be more isolated than the rest.

以及他們是否構成風險，實際上比其他的人更孤立。

To that end, carriers such as  American Airlines and Japan Airlines

為此，美國航空、日本航空等航空公司。

while Emirates is pre-allocating seats between  individual passengers or family groups.

而阿聯酋航空則是在單個乘客或家庭團體之間預先分配座位。

But what does the reduction in passenger capacity mean for airlines?

但客運量的減少對航空公司意味著什麼？

Before the pandemic, air travel trends suggested that there would be 8.2 billion air passengers

在大流行之前，航空旅行趨勢表明，將有82億航空乘客

in 2037, nearly double the 4.2 billion passengers reported in 2018.

在2037年，幾乎是2018年報告的42億乘客的兩倍。

The biggest demand for air travel was projected to come from the Asia Pacific region.

預計最大的航空旅行需求將來自亞太地區。

China was poised to overtake the United States as the largest air passenger market,

中國準備超越美國成為最大的航空客運市場。

with India, Indonesia and Thailand  making inroads by 2030.

到2030年，印度、印度尼西亞和泰國將取得進展。

That rosy outlook was all but gone in IATA's April forecast, which it deemed “catastrophic”.

在國際航空運輸協會4月份的預測中，這種美好的前景已經蕩然無存，它認為這是 "災難性的"。

I spoke to Brian Pearce from IATA to find out more about the 2020 forecast.

我採訪了國際航空運輸協會的布萊恩-皮爾斯（Brian Pearce），以瞭解更多關於2020年預測的資訊。

the worst period that aviation has been through.

We've never seen airlines grounding their operations.

我們從未見過航空公司停飛營運。

April marked the low point when international travel virtually stopped.

4月是國際旅行幾乎停止的低點。

We saw air travel down 98% compared  to where it was a year earlier.

我們看到航空旅行與一年前相比下降了98%。

We would expect in the second half of the year to see some recovery.

我們預計下半年會有一定的恢復。

We think airlines are going to probably lose an unprecedented $84 billion in 2020.

我們認為航空公司在2020年可能會出現前所未有的840億美元的損失。

According to IATA, full-year passenger revenue in 2020 is expected to fall by 55%

根據國際航協的數據，2020年全年客運收入預計將下降55%。

compared to 2019, while there will be  a 48% decrease in air traffic.

與2019年相比，而空中交通量將減少48%。

This is reflected in the plunge in scheduled flights globally.

這體現在全球定期班機的暴跌上。

While there were 0.8% more flights in January 2020 compared to the same period in 2019,

雖然2020年1月與2019年同期相比增加了0.8%的班機。

that number plunged by more than  65% year-on-year in June.

該數字在6月份同比大跌超過65%。

The ability of airlines to operate really depends on whether the health authorities

航空公司能否營運，真的要看衛生主管部門是否有

have either unlocked the economies or allowed people to travel.

紛紛解鎖經濟，或讓人們出行。

We're seeing domestic air travel markets opening first.

我們看到國內航空旅遊市場率先打開。

China, for example, and the United States.

Domestic air travel will be enough to kickstart  the airline industry in some countries.

國內航空旅行將足以啟動一些國家的航空業。

As travel restrictions ease, the safety of passengers is paramount

隨著出行限制的放寬，乘客的安全是最重要的

Qatar Airways has continued its international flights during the pandemic

卡達航空公司在大流行期間繼續其國際航班。

despite the plunge in air travel, its Group CEO tells me.

儘管航空旅行暴跌，但其集團CEO告訴我。

We were the largest international operator

for the last three months  from March until April and May.

從3月到4月和5月的最後三個月。

Besides putting in place the safety recommendations by IATA, Qatar Airways is also reviewing its

除了落實國際航空運輸協會提出的安全建議外，卡達航空公司還在審查其。

meals services to minimise contact between its cabin crew and passengers.

餐服務，以儘量減少乘務員與乘客的接觸。

Similar measures are also in place for other international carriers such as Singapore Airlines,

新加坡航空等其他國際航空公司也有類似措施。

which has suspended its  in-flight meals for some routes

該公司已暫停部分航線的機上餐食。

while British Airways will be replacing in-flight meals with meal boxes instead.

而英國航空將用餐盒代替機上餐食。

We have given all our cabin crew training in how to make sure we identify if there is

我們已經給所有的機組人員進行了培訓，以確保我們如何識別是否有。

anybody that has symptoms on an aeroplane.

And secondly, how to handle issues  when there are risks.

其次，當存在風險時，如何處理問題。

All items are very well sterilised,  again using also UV.

所有的物品都經過很好的消毒，同樣也是使用紫外線。

Qatar Airways is the only international airline that once you are traveling in a premium cabin,

卡達航空是唯一一家國際航空公司，一旦你乘坐高級艙。

So there is no need of social distancing  because you are not in contact

所以沒有必要因為不接觸而拉開社會距離。

with anybody that is sitting next to you.

Flying is now a necessity and not a luxury.

現在，飛行是一種必需品，而不是奢侈品。

The disruption to air travel has affected business and families alike.

航空旅行的中斷對企業和家庭都有影響。

IATA's safety recommendations, done in collaboration with the Airports Council International,

國際航空運輸協會的安全建議，與國際機場理事會合作完成。

include best practices for airlines,  airports and local authorities

包括航空公司、機場和地方當局的最佳做法。

From pre-flight, in-flight and arrival, safety recommendations include contact tracing,

從飛行前、飛行中和到達後，安全建議包括聯繫追蹤。

the use of personal protective equipment and enabling contactless services at customs.

使用個人防護設備，並在海關提供非接觸式服務；

With airlines restarting flights and more countries easing travel restrictions,

隨著航空公司重啟班機和更多國家放寬旅行限制。

could things be looking up in the second half of 2020?

Patrick Nolan, an aviation technology consultant,

帕特里克-諾蘭，航空技術顧問。

says that the pandemic has disrupted pilot training.

說，疫情已經干擾了飛行員的訓練。

What won't change in aviation is the focus on safety, the continual increase in automation.

航空業不會改變的是對安全的重視，自動化程度的不斷提高。

And our technology and, I guess, our capabilities would need to be agile enough

我們的技術和我想，我們的能力將需要足夠的靈活性

to be able to move with that change in focus.

要能隨著這種焦點的變化而移動。

Because when the flag goes back up and  there's going to be a lot more training required,

因為當旗幟重新升起的時候，需要的訓練就會更多。

then training efficiency and supporting the instructor

with new and usable data is going to be critical.

用新的和可用的數據將是至關重要的。

And that may move from pilot training right through to potentially reduce crew in aircraft.

而這可能會從飛行員的培訓，一直到可能減少飛機上的機組人員。

There's so many things that may happen now.

With costs increasing and revenues falling, there may be a consolidation in the airline sector,

隨著成本的增加和收入的下降，航空業或將出現整合。

says Professor Keith Mason from the Centre for Air Transport Management.

航空運輸管理中心的基思-梅森教授說。

While those receiving government aid are more likely to survive,

而接受政府援助的人則更有可能存活下來。

fully independent airlines may go out of business.

完全獨立的航空公司可能會倒閉。

We may end up with a smaller airline industry,

我們最終可能會有一個較小的航空業。

which may mean that there's less choice  for consumers and that prices may go up.

這可能意味著消費者的選擇減少，價格可能會上漲。

I don't see any stability in international air travel, until we get to a point where

我不認為國際航空旅行有什麼穩定的地方，除非我們到了這樣的地步：

the whole of the market has been able to control the impact of Covid-19.

整個市場已經能夠控制科維德-19的影響。

The growth out of the challenges will be piecemeal and localised

擺脫挑戰的增長將是零碎和局部的。

and between countries where they have been able to control the virus.

和國家之間，他們已經能夠控制病毒。

The industry will come out of this, it will be leaner, there will be fewer players

這個行業會出來，會更精簡，玩家會更少。

It will continue to drive economic activity  on a global basis.

它將繼續在全球範圍內推動經濟活動。

One thing is clear: sweeping changes will be needed for the airline sector

有一點是明確的：航空業需要進行全面的改革。

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航空業能否復甦？| CNBC報道 (Can the airline sector recover? | CNBC Reports)

pandemic

period

impact

surge