Take a guess!

猜猜看！

Millions of dollars? billions?

幾百萬美元？

how about hundreds of billions of dollars? economists estimated that the wealth hidden

幾千億美元呢 經濟學家估計，隱藏的財富是多少？

in tax havens is equal to about 10 parent of the global GDP (80 trillion dollars), that

在避稅地的稅收相當於全球GDP的10倍（80萬億美元），即

is more than 8 trillion dollars

是超過8萬億美元

But why on earth people would hide their money in the first place, don't they want to brag

但是，到底為什麼人們會把錢藏在第一位，難道他們不想吹牛嗎？

about it?

關於它？

Why hide it when you can spend it to have an incredibly lavish life?

既然可以花錢過上無比奢侈的生活，為什麼要藏起來呢？

Let me just make it clear, it's not the criminals who are hiding their money, but the world's

我只想說清楚，藏錢的不是罪犯，而是世界上的

largest corporation, Apple, Microsoft, Google, you name it! and the people who are running

最大的公司，蘋果、微軟、谷歌，你說的都有！而那些正在運行的人。

these corporations!

這些公司！

It's a common practice and its 100 percent legal!

這是很常見的做法，而且百分之百合法!

how

如何

However, the question remains, how do they do it? isn't tax avoidance is illegal?

然而，問題是，他們是怎麼做的呢，避稅不是違法嗎？

Well, let me explain?

好吧，讓我解釋一下？

Let's say you start up a company (in the USA) and everything is just perfect.

比方說，你成立了一家公司（在美國），一切都很完美。

Just in your first year, you have made an incredible profit of a hundred million dollars!

僅僅是第一年，你就獲得了一個億的驚人利潤!

Congratulations!

恭喜你！

You are a genius!

你是個天才！

Before you celebrate your success!

在你慶祝成功之前!

IRS is going to knock on your door and take 21 million dollars out of it because the corporate

國稅局要敲開你的門，從裡面拿出2100萬，因為企業的。

tax in the United States is 21 percent!

美國的稅率是21%!

That's a lot of money! why would you pay so much to the government when you made that

那可是很多錢啊！你賺了那麼多錢，為什麼還要給政府交那麼多錢呢？

money with your blood and sweat.

用你的血汗錢。

To be honest, that's still low because before Trump (during Obama) the corporate tax rate

說實話，這還是很低的，因為在特朗普之前（奧巴馬時期），企業稅率為

was 35 percent, which means you would have paid 35 million dollars in taxes and would

是35%，這意味著你將支付3500萬美元的稅收，並將。

be left with only 65 million dollars.

只剩下6500萬美金。

But that's not the only bad news!

但這不是唯一的壞消息!

Even if you decide to go abroad and sell your product elsewhere (Europe), where the tax

即使您決定出國，並在其他地方（歐洲）銷售您的產品，在那裡稅收

rate is lower than in the United States, Uncle Sam will still come after you for its share

稅率比美國低，山姆大叔還是會找你算賬的。

of your profit on the top of the taxes you will be paying in that country.

你的利潤中的一部分，再加上你在那個國家要交的稅。

Whether that's fair or unfair, it depends on whom you are asking.

這到底是公平還是不公平，要看你問的是誰。

you can write down what do you think!

你可以寫下你的想法

However, things are not as bad as they seem.

然而，事情並不像它們看起來那麼糟糕。

There is a way for you to avoid those taxes legally.

有一種方法可以讓你合法地避開這些稅。

Instead of declaring 100 million dollars in profit, be smart about it!

與其申報1億元的利潤，不如精明一點!

how about you lower your profit to just 30 million dollars and now suddenly you only

你把你的利潤降低到只有3000萬，現在突然你只有

have to pay only 6.3 Million dollars (21% out of 30M) instead of 21 million dollars.

只需支付630萬美元（3千萬中的21%），而不是2,100萬美元；

It's not as difficult as it seems.

這並不像它看起來那麼困難。

Get on a plane and travel to the little island of Bermuda and set up a new company there,

坐上飛機，去百慕大小島，在那裡成立一家新公司。

it's easy, fast and would cost almost nothing, because you wouldn't have stuff, building

它的簡單，快速，將幾乎沒有成本， 因為你不會有的東西，建設。

or anything else, except an address to a small office in the middle of nowhere!

或其他任何東西，除了一個地址到一個小辦公室 在中間的地方！

Then simply give all of your patents, trademarks and intellectual property of any kind from

那就乾脆把你所有的專利、商標和任何形式的知識產權都從

your real company that is in the united states to your new company in Bermuda.

你在美國的真正公司到你在百慕大的新公司。

So when uncle sam comes to collect 21 million dollars out of your hundred million dollars!

所以當山姆大叔來從你的一億美金中抽取2100萬美金的時候!

You say sorry!

你說對不起！

We have licensed this technology from this company in Bermuda, so we have to pay 70 million

我們向百慕大的這家公司授權了這項技術，所以我們要支付7000萬

dollars to them.

美元給他們。

So we are just left with 30 million dollars, so now you only have to pay 6.3 million dollars.

所以我們只剩下3000萬，所以現在你只需要支付630萬。

Your 70 million dollars in Bermuda are not taxed because the corporate tax rate in Bermuda

你在百慕大的7000萬美金是不用交稅的，因為百慕大的公司稅率

is 0 percent.

是0%。

Congratulations, you have saved 14.7 million dollars.

恭喜你，你已經節省了1470萬美金。

( make sure the animations do show the scheme)

(確保動畫確實顯示了方案)

But how about the profit you earned in Europe, it will be taxed right?

但你在歐洲賺的利潤呢，會被徵稅吧？

You set up a new company in Ireland that's going to make another hundred million dollars.

你在愛爾蘭成立了一家新公司，又能賺一個億。

instead of paying 12.5 percent corporate tax in Ireland and the remaining 7.5 percent to

而不是在愛爾蘭支付12.5%的公司稅，其餘7.5%的公司稅則由愛爾蘭政府支付。

the United States.

美國。

You transfer that hundred million dollars to a new company you set up in the Netherlands

你把那一億美金轉到你在荷蘭成立的新公司去

at 0 percent taxes through a little tax loop.

在0%的稅率下，通過一個小的稅收循環。

Your Dutch (Netherlands) company immediately sends it back to your first Irish company

你的荷蘭（荷蘭）公司馬上把它寄回給你的第一家愛爾蘭公司。

that's simply a subsidiary of your Bermuda company, So the money ends up back at Bermuda

那只是你的百慕大公司的子公司 所以錢最終還是回到了百慕大。

where the tax rate is 0 percent.

其中稅率為0%。

( make sure the animations do show the scheme)

(確保動畫確實顯示了方案)

Congratulations you have saved millions of dollars!

恭喜你，你省了幾百萬元

That's how Apple, Google, and many other giant corporations avoid taxes and hide their money!

蘋果、谷歌等眾多巨頭企業就是這樣避稅和藏錢的!

It might not make a huge difference when you are earning millions of dollars, but when

當你賺取數百萬美元的時候，這可能不會有太大的區別，但當

you are earning billions of dollars, saving even a billion dollars would make a huge difference.

你的收入是幾十億美金，節省哪怕是十億美金，也會有很大的差別。

So when politicians increase or decrease the corporate tax rate, it doesn't really make

所以，當政治家們增加或減少企業稅率時，並不能真正使

a big difference because why pay even a 10 percent tax rate in the united states when

一個很大的區別，因為為什麼要支付甚至10％的稅率，在美國，當。

you can pay 0 taxes in Bermuda.  and you can't really blame them for that because

你在百慕大可以不用交稅，你也不能怪他們，因為...

the ultimate goal of any company is to maximize profit and not pay more taxes.

任何公司的最終目標都是為了實現利潤最大化，而不是多交稅。

The problem with this method

這種方法的問題是

However, every strategy has its flows, including this one.

然而，每個策略都有它的流程，包括這個策略。

Having billions of dollars offshore is great but What is the point of that if you cant

擁有數十億美元的離岸資金是很好的，但如果你不能做到這一點，那又有什麼意義呢？

use it!

用它

Because if you bring it back to the US, you still have to pay taxes on it, which makes

因為如果你把它帶回美國，你還是要交稅的，這就使得。

all that scheme useless.

所有的計劃都沒有用。

But regardless, it still makes sense.

但無論如何，這還是有意義的。

When the United States lowers its tax rates, you bring that money back and invest it.

當美國降低稅率的時候，你就把這些錢帶回來投資。

US tax rate was 35 percent, but when trump lowered it down to 21 percent in December

美國的稅率是35%，但當12月特朗普將稅率降到21%時

of 2017.  companies such as Apple aggressively started

的2017年.蘋果等公司積極地開始了

bringing back all the cash they had been hiding in offshore accounts for years,

把他們藏在離岸賬戶裡多年的現金全部帶回來。

If you are watching the news, lately Apple started aggressively buying back its stock,

如果你正在看新聞，最近蘋果開始積極回購股票。

because you gotta do something with hundreds of billions of dollars that you suddenly got.

因為你要用你突然得到的幾千億美金做一些事情。

That's why corporations started taking a different approach to avoid taxes, without an offshore

所以企業開始採取不同的方式避稅，沒有離岸的

account and in a much more sneaky way.

賬戶，而且是以更偷偷摸摸的方式。

Largest US companies such as Being, Netflix, Amazon, general electric, either pay 0 taxes

美國最大的公司如Being、Netflix、亞馬遜、通用電氣，要麼是0交稅。

or an extremely small percentage.

或極小比例。

From 2008 to 2017, Boeing paid only 8.4 percent on 54.7 billion dollars in profit.

從2008年到2017年，波音公司547億美元的利潤只支付了8.4%。

In 2018, Netflix reported 845 million dollars in profit but paid absolutely no taxes at

2018年，Netflix報告了8.45億美元的利潤，但完全沒有交稅，在。

all.

所有。

The company can make a big investment and dramatically expand itself and gain market

公司可以進行大手筆的投資，大幅擴大自己的規模，獲得市場。

share, in fact, they might have to borrow money and at the end of the year report a

份，其實他們可能要借錢，到年底報個

loss, and when you are reporting a loss, you are not only not paying any taxes for that

虧損，而當你申報虧損的時候，你不僅沒有為這個

year, but you can forward it to future years.

年，但你可以把它轉發到以後的年份。

So if you are going to make a significant profit next year because last year you gained

所以，如果你明年的利潤很可觀，因為去年你獲得了。

such a huge market share, you still can deduct your last year's loss and significantly reduce

如此巨大的市場份額，你仍然可以扣除去年的虧損，大大降低了

your tax bill, if not avoid it at all.

你的稅單，如果不是完全避免。

And its a common practice among the companies.

而這也是各公司的普遍做法。

The tax code has many loopholes that companies frequently use such as tax credits on depreciation

稅法中有很多企業經常使用的漏洞，比如折舊的稅收抵扣問題

or research and development.

或研究與開發。

Some go as far as paying their employees with stocks, so they are not only deducting it

有的人竟然用股票給員工發工資，所以他們不僅是扣

from their tax bill but the company can create stocks out of thin air.

從他們的稅單中，但公司可以憑空創造股票。

So the company might not be making any profit, in fact, some companies keep on reporting

所以公司可能並沒有盈利，其實有些公司一直在報送

loss year after year.

年年虧損。

Uber has a market cap of over 50 billion dollars and it's making revenue of a few billion dollars

Uber的市值超過500億美元，它的營收也只有幾十億美元

but the company has not reported even a penny of profit.

但公司卻沒有報出一分錢的利潤。

In other words, it hasn't paid a single dime in taxes yet.

換句話說，它還沒有交過一分錢的稅。

Even if Uber's valuation crosses 100 billion dollars, it still doesn't have to pay taxes

即使Uber的估值突破1000億美元，也不用交稅了

unless it reports a profit.

除非它報告有利潤。

That's why billionaires hide their wealth in stocks.

這就是為什麼億萬富翁把財富藏在股票裡的原因。

Jeff Bezos started 2018, with a net worth of a hundred billion dollars and made another

傑夫-貝佐斯2018年伊始，淨資產達千億美元，又賺了一筆

40 billion dollars by the end of the year and paid absolutely zero in taxes on those

400億美元，到年底，這些錢的納稅額完全為零。

additional 40 billion dollars.

額外400億美元。

because his wealth isn't liquid and consists entirely from amazon shares and he only has

因為他的財富是不流動的，完全由亞馬遜股票組成，他只有

to pay taxes if he liquidates his shares by selling them, but as long as he doesn't, he

如果他通過賣出股票來清算他的股票，就得交稅，但只要他不交稅，他就會

doesn't have to pay taxes.

不需要交稅。

But what is the point of all of that wealth

但這些財富有什麼用呢？

if you can't use it?

如果你不能使用它？

This wealth is just on paper!

這些財富只是紙上談兵!

Well, it's one way to think about it, but from an opposite point of view, what would

好吧，這是一種思考方式，但從相反的角度來看，什麼會？

you do with a 140 billion dollars in cash.

你用1400億美元的現金來做。

As long as your company keeps growing your wealth keeps growing.

只要你的公司不斷髮展，你的財富就會不斷增長。

And if you want to drive a bently, fly private jet or travel across the world and stay in

如果你想開著奔馳，坐著私人飛機，或者在世界各地旅行，住在

the most expensive hotels.

最昂貴的酒店。

Just use the company's money and then deduct as a business expense and lower your tax bill

只要用公司的錢，然後作為營業費用扣除，就可以降低你的稅費。

even further.

更進一步。

When politicians talk about raising taxes on the rich, they mean the doctors, lawyers,

當政客們說要對富人加稅時，他們指的是醫生、律師。

and engineers who work super hard to make hundreds of thousands of dollars if not millions

和工程師，他們超級努力地工作，賺取幾十萬甚至幾百萬美元。

and not the real rich people who will always find loopholes in these tax codes to avoid

而不是真正的富人，他們總是會在這些稅法中找到漏洞，以避免。

all of this taxes.

這一切的稅。

I hope you guys enjoyed this video.

我希望你們喜歡這個視頻。

Hit that like and subscribe button if you did.

如果你有的話，請點擊那個喜歡和訂閱按鈕。

Thanks for watching and until next time.

謝謝你的觀看，直到下一次。