Name: 為什麼醫生很慘？| 醫學界的 "BURNOUT "流行 (Why Are Doctors Miserable? | The BURNOUT Epidemic)
Uploaded: 2020-09-20T19:11:03.000Z
Duration: 11 min 16 s

There are multiple statistical trends among medical students and resident physicians that

在醫學生和住院醫師中，有多種統計學趨勢，即

are worrisome - the most poignant of which is the fact that doctors, including medical

令人擔憂的是--其中最令人痛心的是，醫生，包括醫護人員，都在為自己的健康擔憂。

students and resident physicians, have the highest suicide rate of any profession.

學生和住院醫師，是所有職業中自殺率最高的。

In this video, we'll cover burnout, a common precursor to depression and suicide, in medical

在這段視頻中，我們將從醫學角度介紹職業倦怠，這是抑鬱症和自殺的常見前兆。

We'll go over what burnout is, what causes burnout, and how you can reduce your own risk

我們將介紹什麼是職業倦怠，什麼原因導致職業倦怠，以及如何降低自己的風險。

What's going on guys, Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

這是怎麼回事夥計們，朱波醫生，醫學流派內幕網。

Burnout can be described as a physical or mental collapse caused by overwork or stress,

職業倦怠可以說是由於過度勞累或壓力造成的身體或精神崩潰。

often relating to caregiving activities or work.

It is thought to be derived from three distinct elements, including emotional exhaustion,

它被認為是由情緒疲憊等三個明顯的要素衍生出來的。

depersonalization, and reduced sense of personal accomplishment.

Keep those three elements in mind, as we'll be referring to them throughout this video.

請記住這三個要素，因為我們將在整個視頻中提到它們。

Burnout is everyone's business. Burnout has reached epidemic levels, in some studies

職業倦怠是每個人的事。在一些研究中，職業倦怠已經達到了流行病的程度。

exceeding 50% of medical trainees or doctors in practice.

超過50%的受訓醫生或執業醫生；

It's not exclusive to just medical students and residents, but rather workers in all industries.

這不僅僅是醫學生和住院醫師的專屬，而是各行各業的工作者。

In this video, we'll be focusing on the data regarding burnout in medical trainees

在這段視頻中，我們將重點關注有關醫學生職業倦怠的數據。

This, too, is everyone's business, as burnout contributes to an increased risk of medical

這也是每個人的事情，因為職業倦怠會導致醫療風險增加。

errors, depression, and adverse effects on patient safety. You don't want your

錯誤、抑鬱和對患者安全的不良影響。您不希望您的

There are several theories on what causes burnout, the most convincing of which is the

關於導致職業倦怠的原因有幾種理論，其中最有說服力的是

In its simplest terms, the Jobs Demands-Resources Model states that high job demands lead to

最簡單的說法是，工作需求-資源模型指出，高工作需求會導致

exhaustion, and low resources lead to cynicism and feelings of low personal efficacy.

疲憊不堪，資源匱乏，導致玩世不恭和個人效能低下的感覺。

Overall, chronic exposure to stress is the main risk factor. It's no surprise, then,

總的來說，長期暴露在壓力之下是主要的風險因素。那麼，這也就不足為奇了。

that medical students and residents in particular are subject to extraordinarily high rates

特別是醫科學生和住院醫師的發病率非常高。

It's common for medical trainees to be deprived of sleep, have a high workload, relatively

睡眠不足、工作量大、相對來說，醫科實習生睡眠不足是常有的事

low salaries, and several responsibilities in their workplace.

工資低，在工作中又身兼數職。

Yet there are other tremendous but often overlooked stressors in this profession, including the

然而，在這個行業中，還有其他巨大的但經常被忽視的壓力，包括

great responsibility for the health of other people, dealing with patients, their pain,

對他人的健康負有重大責任，與病人打交道，他們的痛苦。

In a 2018 meta-analysis and systematic review by Rodrigues and colleagues, it was found

在2018年Rodrigues及其同事的一項薈萃分析和系統回顧中發現

that residents in surgical, like general surgery and ortho, and urgent specialties, like anesthesiology

外科（如普外科和骨科）和急診專科（如麻醉科）的住院醫師。

and OBGYN, demonstrated significantly higher rates of burnout.

和婦產科醫生，表現出明顯較高的倦怠率。

Additional factors correlated with burnout include younger age, female gender, and having a high workload.

與職業倦怠相關的其他因素包括年齡較小、女性性別和工作量大。

Interestingly, students who are single are significantly more emotionally exhausted than

有意思的是，單身的學生在情感上的疲憊程度明顯高於。

This doesn't mean to run out and get into a relationship pronto, but it does highlight

這並不意味著要馬上跑出去談戀愛，但它確實突出了。

the importance of social support in warding off burnout.

社會支持對防止倦怠的重要性；

If you look at the rates of burnout over the past few decades, there has been a consistent

如果你看一下過去幾十年的職業倦怠率，就會發現，在過去的幾十年裡，職業倦怠率一直在持續上升。

After scouring the literature and trends in medical training, I would attribute this to

在蒐羅了文獻和醫學培訓的趨勢後，我會將其歸結為： 1.

Over the past 10 years, medical school has become significantly more competitive, with

在過去的10年裡，醫學院的競爭明顯加劇，有了

a significant rise in the number of applicants, but not enough new positions in medical school

報考人數大幅增加，但醫學院的新增崗位不足。

In such a landscape, pre-med and medical students are subject to ever increasing levels of stress.

在這樣的格局下，醫學預科生和醫學生承受的壓力越來越大。

Dr. Atul Gawande wrote an excellent piece in The New Yorker about how technological

阿圖爾-加萬德博士在《紐約客》上寫了一篇很好的文章，講述了技術如何。

changes in medicine have contributed to burnout.

醫學上的變化導致了職業倦怠。

In short, increasing requirements for computer documentation are highly correlated with burnout,

總之，對計算機文檔的要求越來越高，與職業倦怠高度相關。

which is why neurosurgeons are less likely to be burned out than emergency physicians

這就是為什麼神經外科醫生比急診醫生更不容易被燒傷的原因。

– they just spend less time documenting.

- 他們只是花更少的時間記錄。

Additionally, decreasing physician autonomy is a major factor, as outlined by the Jobs

此外，醫生自主權的下降也是一個重要因素，正如《就業》所概述的那樣。

Having more equal representation by both men and women in medicine is no doubt a great thing.

在醫學界有更多的男女平等代表無疑是一件好事。

There are more female physicians now than ever before.

現在的女醫生比以往任何時候都多。

In fact, 2017 marked the first year where there were more women than men enrolled in

事實上，2017年是女性報名人數首次超過男性的一年。

It is important to note, however, that the literature has consistently demonstrated that

然而，必須指出的是，文獻一致表明：

women are more likely than men to experience burnout, and the increasing rates of women

女性比男性更有可能經歷職業倦怠，而且女性的比例越來越高。

in medicine is one of many factors contributing to increasing rates of burnout over the years.

在醫學領域，是多年來導致職業倦怠率上升的眾多因素之一。

This is obviously not a judgement in any way, but rather an objective reporting of

這顯然不是什麼判斷，而是客觀的報告。

By understanding differences in burnout pattern causes and behaviors between men and women,

通過了解男女之間職業倦怠模式原因和行為的差異。

we become better equipped to solve a multifaceted and complex issue.

我們變得更有能力解決多方面的複雜問題。

For example, as reported by the AMA, burned out female physicians are more likely to sleep,

例如，據美國醫學會報道，倦怠的女醫生更容易入睡。

eat junk food, or binge eat than their male counterparts.

吃垃圾食品，或暴飲暴食比他們的男性同行。

The 2018 Medscape Physician Burnout & Depression Report noted that women rank family and romantic

2018年Medscape醫生職業倦怠與抑鬱報告》指出，女性將家庭和浪漫的

relationships as top factors contributing to burnout, whereas for men, finances was

人際關係是導致職業倦怠的首要因素，而對男性而言，經濟是導致職業倦怠的首要因素。

Further examination of the patterns in burnout between men and women is necessary in order

有必要進一步研究男女之間的倦怠模式，以便：

to best address and overcome this complex issue.

以最佳方式解決和克服這一複雜問題。

In order to address burnout, we must look at both preventative and therapeutic interventions.

為了解決職業倦怠問題，我們必須從預防和治療兩方面著手。

How do we reduce the risk of it happening, and if it has happened, what can we do about

我們如何降低發生這種情況的風險，如果已經發生了，我們又能做些什麼呢？

Similarly, we must examine how individuals can best deal with burnout, and what we need

同樣，我們必須研究個人如何才能最好地應對職業倦怠，以及我們需要什麼

to change on a systemic level to reverse the trend of increasing burnout over the last

在系統層面上進行變革，以扭轉過去幾年中日益嚴重的倦怠趨勢。

On an individual level, there are 4 main pieces of actionable advice:

就個人而言，有4個主要的可操作建議。

The most consistent finding throughout the scientific literature is that social support

整個科學文獻中最一致的發現是，社會支持

Women seem to be better at this, seeking professional help for burnout on average 31% of the time

女性在這方面似乎更勝一籌，平均有31%的時間因職業倦怠而尋求專業幫助；

My advice to you is two-fold: first, seek professional help if you believe you are burned

我給你的建議有兩點：第一，如果你認為自己被燒傷了，要尋求專業的幫助。

Second, seek the support from your friends, family, and colleagues.

第二，尋求親朋好友、同事的支持。

I advise doing a shared activity where you can speak at ease and with relative privacy,

我建議做一個共享的活動，在這裡你可以放心地說話，而且有相對的隱私。

such as during a hike, a relaxed sport, or grabbing a meal or coffee.

如在遠足、休閒運動、吃東西或喝咖啡時。

Sleep duration is negatively correlated with burnout, meaning the more you sleep, the less

睡眠時間與職業倦怠呈負相關，即睡得越多，越不

Unfortunately, if you're burned out, your sleep quality is likely to suffer.

不幸的是，如果你倦怠了，你的睡眠品質很可能會受到影響。

I have an entire playlist on sleep videos going over the best ways to optimize your

我有一個完整的睡眠視頻播放列表，去優化你的最好的方法。

sleep, with actionable advice on improving sleep hygiene and consistently waking up significantly

睡眠，並提供改善睡眠衛生的可操作建議，讓你在醒來時始終保持明顯的睡眠品質。

字幕列表影片播放

為什麼醫生很慘？| 醫學界的 "BURNOUT "流行 (Why Are Doctors Miserable? | The BURNOUT Epidemic)

ultimately

depression

demonstrate

passionate