servants that were very badly treated who had a horrible time. But there were also servants

僕人們的待遇很差，他們的日子過得很糟糕。但也有一些僕人

who had a wail of a time, who made the best friends of their lives in country houses,

誰曾有過一段哀鴻遍野的時光，誰曾在鄉下的房子裡交了一輩子的好朋友。

who recall cycling along corridors, long, huge, aching country house corridors. The

誰都記得沿著走廊騎車，長長的，巨大的，令人心疼的鄉間別墅走廊。的

aristocracy in Britain mainly employed male chefs if they could. The thing about employing

英國的貴族如果可以的話，主要是僱傭男廚師。關於僱傭

a man was that they were quite expensive. If you couldn't afford a hundred pounds a

一個人是，他們是相當昂貴的。如果你買不起一百英鎊一個

year for an English man cook you would advertise for an English female professed cook, that

年的英國男廚師，你會為一個英國女廚師做廣告，那。

is to say a cook who has made cooking her profession, preferably one who has been trained

是指以烹飪為職業的廚師，最好是受過培訓的廚師。

under a man cook. That cook would probably cost you around fifty to sixty pounds a year

在一個男廚師手下。那個廚子一年大概要花你五六十鎊左右

and that's the bracket that Avis Crocombe fell into, she was a professed cook. Now that

艾維斯-克羅克姆就屬於這種情況 她是個自稱是廚師的人。現在

that's stewed down nicely, as my apple was a little sweet I'm going to add some lemon

燉得很好，因為我的蘋果有點甜，我打算加點檸檬。

juice. When we study female servants we are really studying the history of women, and

汁。當我們研究女僕的時候，其實就是在研究女性的歷史，而

to me it is impossible to think about studying the history of women without looking in-depth

對我來說，不深入研究女性歷史是不可能的。

at servant life. Avis Crocombe and the other cooks like her who reached the pinnacle of

傭人生活。艾維斯-克羅克姆和其他像她一樣的廚師，他們達到了頂峰

their profession in a time when it was unthinkable to get any further, are incredibly important

在那個無法想象的時代，他們的專業是非常重要的。

figures to consider and to look at. They're people that fought the gender battle in their

的人物來考慮和看待。他們是在他們的性別之爭中打拼出來的人。

own way. They didn't put on sashes and go out on the streets or throw themselves under

自己的方式。他們沒有戴上腰帶上街，也沒有把自己扔在下面。

horses, but in their own way they nevertheless fought for women to be recognised as professionals

馬，但她們還是以自己的方式為女性爭取到了作為專業人員的認可。

doing a professional job in an incredibly male-dominated profession. If I say to you,

做一個專業的工作 在一個難以置信的男性主導的行業。如果我對你說：

think of a chef, I suspect that in the back of your head you have a mental image of a

想到廚師，我懷疑在你的腦海裡，你的腦海裡有一個廚師的形象。

man in a toque and whites, and if I say to you think of a cook you will probably think

如果我對你說，你會想到一個廚師，你可能會想到...

of a woman in her normal clothes with an apron on top. The gender divisions in cookery still

一個穿著普通衣服，上面圍著圍裙的女人。烹飪中的性別劃分仍然存在。

exist today, very much so. Cookery is still seen, and still is, a very male-dominated

存在於今天，非常多。烹飪仍然被認為是，而且仍然是，一個非常男性主導的。

profession, and I would say we should celebrate women like Avis Crocombe who fought the fight,

我想說的是，我們應該慶祝像艾維斯-克羅克姆這樣的女性，她們為之奮鬥。

who got to the top, who lived their own lives despite the fact they were women in an incredibly

誰到了頂峰，誰活出了自己的生活，儘管她們是女人，在一個令人難以置信的。

patriarchal society. Go Avis!

父系社會。艾維斯加油！