to describe exposure to a relatively brief but devastating event: typically, a war, a

用來形容遭遇相對短暫但具有破壞性的事件：典型的是戰爭、戰爭、災難、災難、災難性事件。

rape, an accident or terrorist incident. Complex PTSD, recognised in 1994, describes exposure

強姦、事故或恐怖事件。複雜性創傷後壓力症候群在1994年被確認，描述了暴露於以下事件的情況：

to something equally devastating but over a very long time, normally the first 15 years

到同樣具有破壞性的東西，但時間非常長，通常是頭15年。

of life: emotional neglect, humiliation, bullying, disrupted attachment, violence and anger.

生活：情感忽視、羞辱、欺凌、感情破裂、暴力和憤怒；

A lot of us, as many as twenty percent, are wandering the world as undiagnosed sufferers

我們中的很多人，多達20%的人，都是作為未被診斷的患者在世界範圍內徘徊。

of 'Complex PTSD'. We know that all isn't well, but we don't have a term to capture

複雜性創傷後壓力症候群，我們知道一切都不是很好，但我們沒有一個術語來捕捉。

the problem, don't connect up our ailments - and have no clue who to seek out or what

問題是，不要把我們的病痛聯繫起來--不知道該找誰，也不知道該做什麼。

treatment might help.

治療可能會有幫助。

Here are twelve leading symptoms of Complex PTSD. We might think about which ones, if

以下是複雜性創傷後壓力症候群的十二個主要症狀。我們不妨思考一下，如果有哪些

any, apply to us (more than 7 might be a warning sign worth listening to):

任何，適用於我們（超過7個可能是一個值得傾聽的警告信號）。

1. A feeling that nothing is safe: wherever we are, we have an apprehension that something

1.一種沒有什麼是安全的感覺：無論我們身在何處，我們都會有一種憂慮，擔心有什麼東西

awful is about to happen. We are in a state of hypervigilance. The catastrophe we expect

可怕的事情即將發生。我們正處於高度警惕的狀態。我們所期待的災難

often involves a sudden fall from grace. We will be hauled away from current circumstances

常常會涉及到突然的墮落。我們會被從當前的環境中拖走。

and humiliated, perhaps put in prison and denied all access to anything kind or positive.

和羞辱，也許被關進監獄，被剝奪了接觸任何善良或積極事物的機會。

We won't necessarily be killed, but to all intents, our life will be over. People may

我們不一定會被殺死，但從各方面來說，我們的生命將結束。人們可能

try to reassure us through logic that reality won't ever be that bad; but logic doesn't

試圖通過邏輯向我們保證，現實不會那麼糟糕；但邏輯並沒有。

help. We're in the grip of an illness, we aren't just a bit confused.

幫忙。我們在病痛的折磨下，不只是有點迷茫。

2. We can never relax; this shows up in our body. We are permanently tense or rigid. We

2.我們永遠無法放鬆，這表現在我們的身體上。我們長期處於緊張或僵硬狀態。我們

have trouble with being touched, perhaps in particular areas of the body. The idea of

對被觸碰有困難，也許在身體的特定部位。的想法。

doing yoga or meditation isn't just not appealing, it may be positively revolting

做瑜伽或冥想不只是不吸引人，它可能是積極的反感。

(we may call it 'hippie' with a sneer) and - deeper down - terrifying. Probably are

(我們可以把它叫做 "嬉皮士"，帶著譏笑)，而且--更深層的--是可怕的。可能是

bowels are troubled too; our anxiety has a direct link to our digestive system.

腸胃也有困擾，我們的焦慮與消化系統有直接的聯繫。

3. We can't really ever sleep and wake up very early - generally in a state of high

3.我們真的永遠無法入睡，很早就醒了--一般都是在高度的狀態下。

alarm, as though, during rest, we have let down our guard and are now in even greater

驚慌失措，好像在休息的時候，我們已經放鬆了警惕，而現在卻在更大的程度上

danger than usual.

比平時更危險。

4. We have, deep in ourselves, an appalling self-image. We hate who we are. We think we're

4.在我們內心深處，我們有一個可怕的自我形象。我們討厭自己是誰。我們認為我們

ugly, monstrous, repulsive. We think we're awful, possibly the most awful person in the

醜陋的，怪異的，令人厭惡的。我們認為我們很可怕，可能是最可怕的人在。

world. Our sexuality is especially perturbed: we feel predatory, sickening, shameful.

世界。我們的性慾尤其受到干擾：我們感到掠奪、噁心、可恥。

5. We're often drawn to highly unavailable people. We tell ourselves we hate 'needy'

5.我們常常被高度不可得的人所吸引。我們告訴自己，我們討厭 "需要 "的人

people. What we really hate are people who might be too present for us. We make a beeline

的人。我們真正討厭的是那些可能對我們來說太過存在的人。我們讓一個直線

for who people who are disengaged, won't want warmth from us and who are struggling

對於誰來說，誰是脫離社會的人，不會想要我們的溫暖，誰是掙扎的人。

with their own undiagnosed issues around avoidance.

與他們自己的未診斷的問題圍繞避免。

6. We are sickened by people who want to be cosy with us: we call these people 'puppyish'

6.我們對那些想和我們套近乎的人感到厭惡：我們稱這些人為 "小狗"。

'revolting' or 'desperate'.

'造反'或'絕望'。

7. We are prone to losing our temper very badly; sometimes with other people, more often

7.我們很容易發脾氣，很嚴重；有時對別人發脾氣，更多的時候是

just with ourselves. We aren't so much 'angry' as very very worried: worried that everything

只是對我們自己。我們與其說是 "生氣"，不如說是非常非常的擔心：擔心所有的事情

is about to become very awful again. We are shouting because we're terrified. We look

又要變得非常可怕了。我們大喊大叫，因為我們很害怕。我們看

mean, we're in fact defenceless.

意思是，我們其實是無力抵抗的。

8. We are highly paranoid. It's not that we expect other people will poison us or follow

8.我們是高度偏執的。這並不是說我們希望別人會給我們下毒，或者是按照

us down the street. We suspect that other people will be hostile to us, and will be

我們在街上。我們懷疑其他人會對我們有敵意，並會被

looking out for opportunities to crush and humiliate us (we can be mesmerically drawn

尋找機會來壓制和羞辱我們（我們會被迷惑地吸引住）。

to examples of this happening on social media, the unkindest and most arbitrary environment,

到發生在社交媒體上的例子，這是最不公平和最任意的環境。

which anyone with C-PTSD easily confuses with the whole world, chiefly because it operates

患有C-PTSD的人很容易將其與整個世界混為一談，這主要是因為它的運作方式是

like their world: randomly and very meanly).

就像他們的世界一樣：隨意而又非常刻薄地）。)

9. We find other people so dangerous and worrying that being alone has huge attractions. We

9.我們發現別人如此危險，擔心一個人有巨大的吸引力。我們

might like to go and live under a rock forever. In some moods, we associate bliss with not

可能會喜歡去，永遠生活在岩石下。在某些心情下，我們會聯想到幸福與不。

to having to see anyone again, ever.

不得不再見到任何人，永遠。

10. We don't register to ourselves as suicidal but the truth is that we find living so exhausting

10.我們不認為自己有自殺傾向，但事實是我們覺得活著太累了。

and often so unpleasant, we do sometimes long not to have to exist any more.

往往是如此的不愉快，我們有時確實渴望不再存在。

11. We can't afford to show much spontaneity. We're rigid about routines. Everything may

11.我們不能表現出太多的自發性。我們對例行公事很死板。一切都可能

need to be exactly so, as an attempt to ward off looming chaos. We may clean a lot. Sudden

需要正是如此，作為一種嘗試，以抵禦迫在眉睫的混亂。我們可能會打掃很多地方。突然

changes of plans can feel indistinguishable from the ultimate downfall we dread.

計劃的改變，會讓人感覺與我們所害怕的最終下場不相上下。

12. In a bid to try to find safety, we may throw ourselves into work: amassing money,

12.為了努力尋找安全感，我們可能會投入工作：積累金錢。

fame, honour, prestige. But of course, this never works. The sense of danger and self-disgust

名聲、榮譽、威望。但當然，這永遠也行不通。危險感和自我厭惡感

is coming from so deep within, we can never reach a sense of safety externally: a million

是來自內心深處的，我們永遠無法從外部達到安全感：無數的

people can be cheering, but one jeer will be enough once again to evoke the self-disgust

人們可以歡呼，但一次嘲笑就足以再次引起人們的自我厭惡。

we have left unaddressed inside. Breaks from work can feel especially worrying: retirement

我們內心未解決的問題。從工作中中斷會讓人感到特別擔心：退休

and holidays create unique difficulties.

和節假日造成獨特的困難。

What is the cure for the arduous symptoms of Complex PTSD? Partly we need to courageously

複雜性創傷後壓力症候群的艱辛症狀怎麼治？部分我們需要勇敢地

realise that we have come through something terrible that we haven't until now properly

意識到我們已經經歷了一些可怕的事情，而這些事情我們直到現在都還沒有好好的去了解過

digested - because we haven't had a kind, stable environment in which to do so (it's

消化--因為我們還沒有一個好的、穩定的環境來消化（它是

always hard to get one but we've also been assiduous in avoiding doing so). We are a

總是很難得到一個，但我們也一直在努力避免這樣做）。)我們是一個

little wonky because, long ago, the situation was genuinely awful: when we were small, someone

有點不對勁，因為在很久以前，情況是真的很糟糕：當我們還小的時候，有人。

made us feel extremely unsafe even though they might have been our parent; we were made

讓我們感到極度不安全，即使他們可能是我們的父母；我們被使

to think that nothing about who we were was acceptable; in the name of being 'brave',

認為我們的身份是不能接受的；以 "勇敢 "的名義。

we had to endure very difficult separations, perhaps repeated over years; no one reassured

我們不得不忍受非常艱難的分離，也許是多年來的重複；沒有人保證

us of our worth. We were judged with intolerable harshness. The damage may have been very obvious,

我們的價值。我們受到了無法忍受的嚴厲審判。損害可能非常明顯。

but - more typically, it might have unfolded in objectively innocent circumstances. A casual

但--更典型的是，它可能是在客觀上無辜的情況下展開的。一個偶然的

visitor might never have noticed. There might have been a narrative, which lingers still,

訪客可能永遠不會注意到。也許有一種敘事，至今仍揮之不去。

that we were part of a happy family. One of the great discoveries of researchers in Complex

我們是一個幸福家庭的一部分。研究人員的一個偉大發現，在複雜性

PTSD is that emotional neglect within outwardly high achieving families can be as damaging

創傷後壓力症候群是指在外在的高成就家庭中，情感上的忽視可能會帶來同樣的傷害。

as active violence in obviously deprived ones.

作為在明顯貧困的國家中的積極暴力，

If any of this rings bells, we should stop being brave. We should allow ourselves to

如果這些話有印象，我們就不要再勇敢了。我們應該允許自己

feel compassion for who we were; that might not be easy, given how hard we tend to be

憐憫我們曾經的身份；這可能並不容易，因為我們傾向於做一個多麼艱難的人。

with ourselves. The next step is to try to identify a therapist or counsellor trained

與我們自己。下一步是嘗試尋找一位受過訓練的治療師或諮詢師。

in how to handle Complex PTSD. That may well be someone trained specifically in dealing

在如何處理複雜性創傷後壓力症候群。那可能是受過專門訓練的人

with trauma, which involves directing enormous amounts of compassion towards one's younger

遭受創傷，這涉及到對年輕一代的巨大同情心。

self - in order to have the courage to face the trauma and recognise its impact on one's

自我--以便有勇氣面對創傷並認識到它對自己的影響。

life.

生命。

Rather touchingly, and simply, the root cause of Complex PTSD is an absence of love - and

頗為感人，也很簡單，複雜性創傷後壓力症候群的根本原因是愛的缺失--也是。

the cure for it follows the same path: we need to relearn to love someone we very unfairly

治療它遵循同樣的路徑：我們需要重新學會愛一個人，我們非常不公平的。

hate beyond measure: ourselves.

恨鐵不成鋼：我們自己。

The School of Life offers online psychotherapy to people all around the world. Our therapists

生命學校為世界各地的人們提供在線心理治療。我們的治療師

are highly trained and accredited - and are a vital source of kindness, solace and wisdom

訓練有素並獲得認證，是善良、安慰和智慧的重要來源。

for life's most difficult moments. Click the link to find out more.

為生活中最困難的時刻。點擊鏈接，瞭解更多。