However, if you have 10 bucks in your pocket and no debt at all, you are literally wealthier

但是，如果你口袋裡有10塊錢，而且完全沒有負債，你就真的比較有錢了。

than 15 percent of Americans.

超過15%的美國人。

Just think for a moment what does that means, in the wealthiest country in the world, 14

想一想這意味著什麼，在世界上最富裕的國家，14

percent of household, have negative wealth and 1 percent with absolutely no wealth at

1%的家庭，財富為負數，1%的家庭完全沒有財富。

all.

所有。

Wealth inequality seems to keep growing, maybe because these greedy capitalists love the

財富不平等似乎一直在增長，也許是因為這些貪婪的資本家喜歡

dollar.

美元。

But you know who else loves the dollar, the entire world!

但你知道還有誰喜歡美元，全世界都喜歡!

US dollars are so popular that they are used like Gold all around the world.

美元如此受歡迎，以至於像黃金一樣在世界各地使用。

But why?

但為什麼呢？

why the dollar is the global currency of the world and not any other currency.

為什麼美元是世界的全球貨幣，而不是其他貨幣。

In order to find that out, we have to take a look back the at the history.

為了找出這一點，我們必須回顧一下歷史。

You see, for much of history, we have used gold as a form of money, even when we moved

你看，在歷史上的大部分時間裡，我們都是用黃金作為貨幣的形式，即使是在我們搬家的時候也是如此。

to paper money, they were still backed by gold and that was known as gold standard.

到紙幣，他們仍然是由黃金支持的，這就是所謂的金本位。

In fact, the Gold standard existed as recent as 1971, which is less 50 years ago.

事實上，金本位制早在1971年就已經存在，距今不到50年。

You see the problem with the paper money is that sometimes government get into trouble,

你看紙幣的問題是，有時候政府會遇到麻煩。

so they start printing a lot of money and that causes inflation.

所以他們開始大量印錢，導致通貨膨脹。

Which means the money that you worked so hard to earn, suddenly becomes less valuable or

這意味著你辛辛苦苦賺來的錢，突然間變得不那麼值錢了，或者是

sometimes absolutely worthless.

有時絕對不值一提。

And secondly, international trade was impossible with paper money.

其次，國際貿易不可能用紙幣。

What happens when you want to sell your goods to a neighboring country that has its own

當你想把你的貨物賣給一個鄰國，而這個國家有自己的產品時，會發生什麼？

currency.

貨幣。

You will have a difficult time figuring out how much each of your papers worth.

你會很難搞清楚你的每篇論文值多少錢。

In the past, it was simple, because everyone just traded with gold.

過去很簡單，因為大家只是用黃金交易。

However, if both of your paper money is backed by gold, its easy to agree on an exchange

但是，如果你們的紙幣都是由黃金支持的，那麼很容易達成一致意見

rate.

率。

And the government can't simply print more money and cause inflation because every bill

而政府不可能簡單地印更多的錢，造成通貨膨脹，因為每張鈔票

should be backed by gold.

應以黃金為支撐。

That's how the gold standard was born.

這就是金本位制的誕生過程。

However, in 1914, world war one broke up and Europe found itself in absolute chaos.

然而，在1914年，第一次世界大戰爆發，歐洲陷入了絕對的混亂。

Wars aren't cheap, especially when the entire world is involved, you need to pay the soldiers

打仗不便宜，尤其是牽涉到整個世界的時候，你要給阿兵哥們發工資

to stand by your side, buy them weapons to fight with, and food to feed them up.

站在你的身邊，給他們買武器打仗，買食物養活他們。

So, everyone turned to the United States for help since it wasn't directly involved in

所以，大家都向美國求助，因為美國並沒有直接參與進來

the war and had the economic power to do that.The war was long and expensive.

戰爭是漫長而昂貴的。

Within the next few years, European countries had to abandon the gold standard one after

在接下來的幾年裡，歐洲各國不得不相繼放棄金本位制。

another because they spent most of their gold reserves to finance the war and went under

另一個原因是他們花掉了大部分的黃金儲備來資助戰爭，並且破產了。

huge debts.

鉅額債務。

By 1920s, when the war ended, the US dollar was the only currency backed by gold which

到了20世紀20年代，當戰爭結束時，美元是唯一由黃金支持的貨幣，它的價值是："黃金"。

made it one of the most popular currencies in the world.

使其成為世界上最受歡迎的貨幣之一。

The only competitor that Dollar had was the British pound.

美元唯一的競爭對手是英鎊。

However, even Britain had to get out of the gold standard due to extremely high war expenses,

然而，由於戰爭費用極高，英國也不得不退出金本位制。

which only made the US dollar the only stable currency in the world.

這隻能使美元成為世界上唯一穩定的貨幣。

Despite the great depression, the United States didn't abandon the gold standard.

儘管經濟大蕭條，但美國並沒有放棄金本位制。

The next step that made the dollar truly the only international currency in the world was

使美元真正成為世界上唯一的國際貨幣的下一步是：。

the World war 2.

第二次世界大戰。

It was a way bigger and more distractive war, the allies had to spend every dime they had

這是一場更大更分散注意力的戰爭, 盟國不得不花掉他們的每一分錢

in order not to lose the war, meanwhile United states was enjoying a massive inflow of gold

為了不輸掉戰爭，同時美國正享受著大量黃金的流入。

from the rest of the world.

從世界其他地方。

And by the end of the war, the world found itself in a very awkward situation where United

而到了戰爭結束時，世界發現自己處於一個非常尷尬的境地，聯合

stated had 70 percent of global gold while the rest of the world shared the other 30

聲稱擁有全球70%的黃金，而世界其他國家分享了另外30%的黃金。

percent.

％。

So united states proposed to tie every currency to the dollar while the dollar will be tied

所以美國提議將所有貨幣都與美元掛鉤，而美元將與美元掛鉤。

to gold which came to be known as the Bretton Woods system.

到黃金，後來被稱為佈雷頓森林體系。

If one country wants to trade with another, they would only use dollars since it is the

如果一個國家想與另一個國家進行貿易，他們只會使用美元，因為它是。

only currency that you could exchange for gold.

唯一可以兌換黃金的貨幣。

and within the next couple of decades, countries all around the world collected tons of dollars

並在接下來的幾十年裡，世界各國收集了成噸的美元。

and in 1965 France decided to exchange their dollars to gold.

並在1965年法國決定將美元兌換成黃金。

They literally sent a ship full of dollars and got in return and a giant ship loaded

他們真的送了一船的美元，得到的回報是 一艘裝滿美元的巨輪。

with gold.

與黃金。

Soon, other nations followed, but the US realized that they have printed far more dollars than

很快，其他國家也紛紛效仿，但美國意識到，他們印製的美元遠遠多過了

they should have, so instead of exchanging everyone dollars to gold, they simply took

他們應該，所以他們沒有把每個人的美元換成黃金，而是乾脆拿了

the dollar out of the gold standard in 1971.

美元在1971年退出金本位。

But surprisingly, the world didn't stop using dollars since the United States was

但出乎意料的是，自從美國之後，世界並沒有停止使用美元。

still the largest and the most stable economy in the world.

仍然是世界上最大和最穩定的經濟體。

And that's how we moved from gold-backed currency to fiat money with no intrinsic value at all.

這就是我們如何從黃金支持的貨幣轉變成完全沒有內在價值的貨幣。

If you guys enjoyed this video, make sure you give it a thumbs up and hit that sunrise

如果你們喜歡這段視頻，一定要豎起大拇指，打出日出的樣子

button together with the bell beside it.

按鈕和旁邊的鈴鐺一起。

Thanks for watching and I will catch you in the next one.

謝謝你的觀看，下期再見。