possibly have offspring, many of us cringe at the idea of mating with a sibling or any relative really, weird.

可能有後代，我們很多人畏縮在交配的想法與兄弟姐妹或任何親戚真的，奇怪。

But what's the big problem with incest in the first place?

但是，首先亂倫有什麼大問題呢？

What actually happens when you inbreed? The first thing to understand is how any trait you have comes about. You have your

當你近親繁殖時，究竟會發生什麼？首先要了解的是，你的任何性狀都是如何產生的。你有你的

biological mom and your dad who each have their own unique DNA. And,

親生媽媽和你爸爸都有自己獨特的DNA。還有

basically, you get half of your DNA from mom and half from dad. These DNA pairs define everything about you,

基本上，你的DNA一半來自媽媽，一半來自爸爸。這些DNA對決定了你的一切。

but in some cases, certain traits are more

但在某些情況下，某些特質更多的是

dominant; like brown eyes for example. If your mom has two pairs of the brown eye allele, her eyes will be brown, and if your

顯性；比如說棕色的眼睛。如果你媽媽有兩對棕色眼睛的等位基因，她的眼睛就會是棕色的，如果你的

dad has two pairs for the blue eyes, his will be blue as a result, you'll receive one brown gene from mom and one blue

爸爸有兩對藍眼睛，他的眼睛就會是藍色的，是以，你會從媽媽那裡得到一個棕色基因和一個藍色基因。

gene from dad but brown eyes just happened to be a dominant trait meaning even though you get one brown and one blue from each parent, your eye color will actually be brown. It takes having two

基因從爸爸，但棕色的眼睛只是碰巧是一個顯性特徵，意味著即使你得到一個棕色和一個藍色從每個父母，你的眼睛顏色實際上將是棕色。它需要有兩個

recessive alleles to exhibit the other traits in this case if you got two blue alleles,

隱性等位基因表現出其他性狀，在這種情況下，如果你有兩個藍色等位基因。

you'd end up having blue eyes. So what does this have to do with incest it turns out that many specific diseases,

你最終會有藍眼睛。那麼這和亂倫有什麼關係呢，原來很多特殊的疾病。

or disorders, are recessive and require you to get the gene from both your mother and father.

或疾病，是隱性的，需要你從母親和父親那裡得到基因。

They can each carry one and be perfectly healthy, making it difficult to know that they are

他們每個人都可以帶一個，而且非常健康，讓人很難知道他們是。

carriers. As a result, if your dad has one allele for a disorder

攜帶者。是以，如果你的爸爸有一個等位基因的疾病。

it's pretty likely that his sibling or relative probably has it too because they would have gotten it from their parents or other

很有可能他的兄弟姐妹或親戚也有這種病，因為他們會從父母或其他親戚那裡得到這種病

relatives had your dad decided to mate with a random person in the population, the chance of them having the same recessive

如果你爸爸決定與人口中的一個隨機的人交配，他們有同樣的隱性的機會

gene is low, but if he chooses to copulate with his sister, or cousin,

基因很低，但如果他選擇和妹妹，或者表妹交配。

then your odds of getting both of the recessive genes are much higher; still not guaranteed,

那麼你得到這兩種隱性基因的機率就會高很多，還是不能保證。

but much more likely. In that sense

但更有可能。在這個意義上

It's important to remember that inbreeding doesn't create genetic mutations or defective offspring itself, but instead

重要的是要記住，近親繁殖本身並不會產生基因突變或缺陷的後代，而是

increases the chance of a rare gene combination in fact even when both parents carry a recessive gene,

增加了罕見基因組合的機會，其實即使父母雙方都攜帶隱性基因。

there's still a 75% chance that they won't both pass on the gene leading to perfectly healthy kids with respect to that particular

仍然有75%的機會，他們不會同時傳遞基因，導致完美的健康的孩子，就這一特定的

disorder or disease. So, is inbreeding ever good? Not so much in humans,

紊亂或疾病。那麼，近親繁殖有沒有好處呢？在人類身上就不是那麼回事了。

but we rely on it in some plants and animals; in fact different dog breeds are the result of reading?

但我們在一些動植物身上卻依賴它，其實不同的狗種是閱讀的結果？

relatives with similar desirable traits, like coat color, height, or snout size,

具有類似理想性狀的親戚，如毛色、身高或鼻孔大小。

but we can even see the risk in dogs with many purebred suffering from hip problems,

但我們甚至可以看到很多純種犬患有臀部問題的狗的風險。

eye problems, and more; while mutts or dogs with genetically diverse parents tend to be healthier.

眼問題等；而父母基因不同的雜種犬或狗狗往往更健康。

Thanks for tuning in to our video, that's (that is) kind of about incest. We really hope that you enjoyed it

感謝收看我們的視頻，那是（那是）一種關於亂倫的視頻。我們真的希望你喜歡它

there's science in everything people. Not just kind of incest, it was fully about incest. Yeah,

有科學的一切人。不僅僅是一種亂倫，它完全是關於亂倫的。是的。

fully about incest. If you want to watch more of our videos. We'll put some extras over here.

完全是關於亂倫的。如果你想看更多我們的視頻，我們會把一些額外的在這裡。

Also, make sure you subscribe to our channel, and we will see you next week for another video, peace!

另外，請您一定要訂閱我們的頻道，下週我們將在另一個視頻中再見，平安!