YouTube, and email – what is the best pre-med major?

YouTube，和電子郵件--什麼是最好的醫學預科專業？

In traditional Med School Insiders fashion, we'll take a look at the numbers, analyze

以傳統的醫學院內部人士的方式，我們將看一下數據，分析一下

the data, and give you actionable advice to optimize your chances of a medical school

的數據，並給你可操作的建議，以優化你的醫學院的機會。

acceptance.

接受。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

朱波醫生，醫派內參網。

First, it's important to understand that at most schools, there is no such thing as

首先，我們要明白，在大多數學校裡，並沒有所謂的

a “pre-med major”.

一個 "醫學預科專業"。

To get into medical school, you can technically choose any major you'd like, so long as

要進入醫學院，技術上你可以選擇任何你喜歡的專業，只要是

you also complete the medical school pre-requisites.

你也完成了醫學院的先決條件。

Each medical school will have slightly different pre-requisites in order to apply.

每所醫學院的申請前提條件會略有不同。

However, there's a shared core of requirements which are as follows:

然而，有一個共同的核心要求，即：。

1 year of Biology with lab 1 year of General Chemistry with lab

1年生物（含實驗室）1年普通化學（含實驗室）。

1 year of Organic Chemistry with lab Physics with lab

1年的有機化學（含實驗）物理（含實驗）。

And also 1 year of English

還有1年的英語

Many other schools require a few additional courses.

其他很多學校都需要增加一些課程。

For that reason, we suggest you also take the following:

為此，我們建議你也採取以下措施。

Math, biochemistry, psych and soc.

數學、生物化學、心理學和社會學。

You should aim to take as many of these courses as possible prior to taking the MCAT, although

在參加MCAT考試之前，您應該儘可能多地學習這些課程，儘管......您也可以選擇其他課程。

taking every single one is not always necessary.

並非每一個人都需要。

For example, I didn't take biochemistry until after my MCAT, and I still achieved

例如，我在MCAT之後才考生化，但我仍然取得了

a 99.9th percentile score, or “100th” percentile, as the statistically illiterate

百分位數為99.9，即 "百位數"，作為統計學上的文盲。

would say.

會說。

Following this logic, many students and advisors alike conclude that you can choose any major

按照這個邏輯，很多學生和顧問都會得出這樣的結論：你可以選擇任何專業。

and it shouldn't matter, so long as you complete your pre-requisites.

而且只要你完成了你的前置條件，應該沒有關係。

I don't necessarily agree with that, and I'd say that not all majors are created

我不一定同意這種說法，我想說的是，並不是所有的專業都會產生的

equal.

同等的。

To see what I mean, let's jump to the data.

要想知道我的意思，我們就跳到數據上。

When people ask, “what is the best pre-med major”, they're usually asking, “what

當人們問到 "最好的醫學預科專業是什麼 "時，通常是問 "什麼

is the major that will maximize my chances of getting into a good medical school?”

是能最大限度增加我進入好的醫學院的機會的專業嗎？"

Luckily, we have data on just that.

幸運的是，我們有這方面的數據。

The Association of American Medical Colleges, or AAMC for short, publishes annual data on

美國醫學院協會，簡稱AAMC，每年都會公佈有關以下方面的數據。

the medical school application process.

醫學院的申請過程。

For the 2018-2019 application cycle, we can group applicants by the major that they applied

在2018-2019年的申請週期中，我們可以按照申請人所申請的專業進行分組

to.

到：

Out of the 52,777 applicants last cycle, 55.8% majored in biological sciences, including

在上一週期的52777名申請者中，55.8%的申請者為生物科學專業，其中。

majors like molecular biology, cell biology, neuroscience, which is what I majored in,

像分子生物學、細胞生物學、神經科學等專業，這是我所學的專業。

and the like.

諸如此類。

About 9.7% majored in social sciences, including majors such as economics, government, etc.

約有9.7%的人主修社會科學，包括經濟、政府等專業。

Approximately 9% majored in physical sciences, such as physics and chemistry, and 3.4% majored

約9%的人主修物理、化學等物理科學，3.4%的人主修。

in specialized health sciences, including nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy,

專業健康科學，包括護理、物理治療、職業治療；

and public health.

和公共衛生。

3.2% majored in humanities, such as history, English, and literature, and 0.7%

3.2%主修歷史、英語、文學等人文學科，0.7%主修歷史、英語、文學。

majored in math and statistics.

主修數學和統計學。

The remaining 18.1% studied other majors not falling into the aforementioned categories.

其餘18.1%學習不屬於上述類別的其他專業。

It's clear that the biological sciences are the most popular pre-med major, and we'll

很明顯，生物科學是最熱門的醫學預科專業，我們將以

discuss why shortly.

稍後再討論原因。

But more interestingly, the average MCAT score and even acceptance rate vary significantly

但更有趣的是，MCAT的平均成績甚至錄取率都有很大的不同

between these majors.

這些專業之間。

On average, math and statistics majors topped the list with an MCAT of 509.4, followed by

平均而言，數學和統計專業的學生以509.4的MCAT成績位居榜首，其次是

physical sciences at 508.0, humanities at 507.6, social sciences at 505.6, biological

物理科學508.0，人文科學507.6，社會科學505.6，生物學

sciences at 505.5, other at 505.0, and specialized health sciences by far the lowest at 502.4.

科學類為505.5，其他類為505.0，專業衛生科學類為502.4，是目前最低的。

In terms of acceptance rates, math and statistics topped the list at 47.6%, followed by humanities

從錄取率來看，數學和統計學以47.6%的比例位居榜首，其次是人文學科

at 47.2%, physical sciences at 46.1%, and so on.

47.2%，物理科學為46.1%，以此類推。

Biological sciences were second to last, at 40.2%, trailed only by specialized health

生物科學次之，佔40.2%，僅次於專門的衛生學。

sciences at an abysmal 36.2%.

科學，只有可憐的36.2%。

If you were to go blindly off the data, you may assume that you should pursue a math,

如果盲目脫離數據，你可能會認為你應該追求一個數學。

physical sciences, or humanities major.

物理科學，或人文科學專業。

After all, those are the three majors with the highest average MCAT scores and highest

畢竟，這三個專業是MCAT平均分最高的專業，也是最高的專業。

average acceptance rates.

平均錄取率。

But such a conclusion would be a terribly inaccurate portrayal of the data.

但這樣的結論對數據的描述就非常不準確了。

So how should we interpret these findings?

那麼我們應該如何解讀這些發現呢？

First, correlation does not equal causation.

首先，相關性不等於因果關係。

Just because students studying certain majors had a higher MCAT or acceptance rate does

僅僅因為學習某些專業的學生有較高的MCAT或錄取率，並不意味著

not mean it's because of their major.

並不是說因為他們的專業。

In fact, there are a series of confounding variables and biases that are likely at play.

事實上，可能有一系列的混雜變量和偏差在起作用。

Others have suggested that students majoring in humanities may have higher MCAT scores

還有人認為，主修人文學科的學生可能會有更高的MCAT成績。

because they're better prepared for the Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills section,

因為他們對批判性分析和推理能力部分準備得比較充分。

or CARS, arguably the one section on the MCAT that is hardest to improve your score in.

或者說CARS，可以說是MCAT中最難提分的一個部分。

These students are exposed to tremendous amounts of writing and for that reason you would expect their CARS section scores to be higher.

這些學生接觸了大量的寫作，是以，你會期望他們的CARS部分的分數會更高。

But by looking at the data, we see this explanation falls short.

但通過觀察數據，我們發現這個解釋有不足之處。

While humanities majors do score highest on CARS, it's only on average 1 point higher

雖然人文學科專業在CARS上的分數確實最高，但平均只高出1分。

than other majors, thereby only accounting for half of the total MCAT score difference

比其他專業，從而只佔MCAT總分差的一半。

between humanities and these other majors.

人文學科和這些其他專業之間。

In extending this logic, we would expect biological science majors to score the best on the bio

把這個邏輯延伸下去，我們會期望生物科學專業的學生在生物?

section of the MCAT.

MCAT的部分。

But that's not the case.

但事實並非如此。

In fact, bio majors score right on average with everyone else, and it's actually math

事實上，生物專業的學生平均分和大家一樣，其實是數學

and statistics majors that score highest.

和統計學專業的最高分。

What about physical sciences majors. Do they score highest on the chemical and physical section of the

那物理科學專業的學生呢。他們在化學和物理部分的分數最高嗎？

MCAT?

MCAT？

Nope, again it's the math majors that win out.

不對，同樣是數學專業的學生勝出。

Taking a step back, we can notice two interesting trends.

退一步講，我們可以注意到兩個有趣的趨勢。

First, students majoring in Humanities, Math, and Physical Sciences dominated multiple sections

首先，人文、數學、物理學專業的學生在多個科室佔據了主導地位。

of the MCAT and had the highest medical school acceptance rates by a large margin.

的MCAT，並以較大的優勢獲得了最高的醫學院錄取率。

Second, students majoring in Specialized Health Sciences were far behind the pack, scoring

其次，專科衛生學專業的學生遠遠落後於其他專業，得分為

the worst in both the MCAT and having the lowest medical school acceptance rates.

在MCAT和擁有最低的醫學院錄取率方面都是最差的。

I'd argue that the reason we see these trends has little to do with the major and field

我想說的是，我們看到這些趨勢的原因與專業和領域沒有什麼關係

of study.

的研究。

Rather, over the large population of medical school applicants, we're seeing a survivorship

相反，在大量的醫學院申請者群體中，我們看到的是一種生存狀態。

bias of highly ambitious and driven students.

偏偏是那些志向遠大、動力十足的學生。

Allow me to explain

請允許我解釋一下

Biological sciences are the default pre-med major, because it's the most straightforward.

生物科學是默認的醫學預科專業，因為它是最直接的。

Most classes that are medical school pre-requisites overlap well with the courses that are required

大多數作為醫學院先修課的課程與必修課有很好的重合。

for a biological science major.

對於生物科學專業。

For that reason, 55.8% of pre-meds default to a biological science major.

為此，55.8%的醫學預科生默認為生物科學專業。

And therein lies the secret.

祕密就在這裡。

It's on average an easier path.

平均來說，這是一條比較容易的路。

If a pre-med choose a biological science major, they're more likely to end up applying to

如果一個醫學預科生選擇生物科學專業，他們最終申請到的可能性更大。

medical school.

醫學院；

There are fewer obstacles in the way.

障礙物較少。

On the other hand, the less than 1% of pre-meds who major in mathematics or statistics are

另一方面，在數學或統計學專業的預科生中，不到1%的人都是

generally working an uphill battle.

一般來說，工作是一場艱苦的戰鬥。

You need to not only complete your full major requirements for math, but also 2 years worth

你不僅需要完成數學的全部專業要求，還需要完成2年的價值

of medical school pre-requisites.

醫學院的先決條件；

For this reason, those who choose this path and are able to even get to the point of applying

是以，選擇這條道路的人，甚至能夠到應用

to medical schools must really want it.

到醫學院一定是真的想要。

Remember, this path is more difficult, so I'd argue that a higher percentage of those

記住，這條路比較難走，所以我認為那些比例較高的。

who choose this path will actually fall short.

選擇這條道路的人，其實會落空。

They'll simply never even get to the point of applying to medical schools.

他們根本連報考醫學院的資格都沒有。

Like most students who enter college as pre-meds, they may decide it's not worth the effort

就像大多數以醫學預科身份進入大學的學生一樣，他們可能會決定不值得付出努力。

and decide to change majors and ultimately change career paths.

並決定轉專業，最終改變職業發展方向。

Hence the survivorship bias.

是以，存活率偏高。

We only see the successful fraction that made it all the way through – those that really

我們只看到成功的那部分人，他們一路走來--那些真正的

want it.

想要它。

This also explains why those studying Specialized Health Sciences fare off so much worse.

這也解釋了為什麼學專門健康科學的人的情況會差很多。

They're essentially the opposite of the math majors.

他們基本上和數學專業的學生是相反的。

Some portion of students who choose nursing or physical therapy may be pre-med as more

部分選擇護理或理療的學生，可能會因為更多的是預科。

of a moonshot – something they'd like to do, but they aren't fully committed to.

的月球射擊--他們想做的事情，但他們並沒有完全投入。

After all, they have a backup option in the healthcare industry that they can fall back on.

畢竟，他們在醫療行業有一個可以依靠的備份選擇。

But since so many pre-requisites for nursing or PT overlap with med school, it's easy to just apply to both.

但由於護理或PT的很多先決條件與醫學院重合，所以很容易就能同時申請到兩所學校。

As you guys know, I don't like to leave you hanging, so in classic Med School Insiders

你們都知道，我不喜歡讓你們掛在嘴邊，所以在經典的《醫學院內幕》中...

fashion, after busting the myths and misconceptions, I'm going to provide you with actionable

時尚，在破除迷思和誤區之後，我將為你提供可操作的

advice.

建議。

Consideration 1: A Straightforward & Streamlined Path

考慮1：直接和精簡的路徑。

If your top priority is getting into medical school, I recommend you actually pursue a major in

如果你的當務之急是考上醫學院，我建議你其實可以讀一個專業。

a Biological Science, particularly one that is of interest to you.

生物科學，特別是你感興趣的生物科學；

The requirements for your major will overlap nicely with your medical school prerequisite

你的專業要求會和醫學院的先修課有很好的重合。

courses, and you'll hopefully be studying something that you are interested in.

課程，希望你能學習到自己感興趣的東西。

After all, you want to be a doctor and study the human body.

畢竟，你想成為一名醫生，研究人體。

Consideration 2: Prioritize Something You're Interested In

考慮因素2：優先考慮你感興趣的事情。

If you want to be a doctor, there should be at least one Biological Science major that

如果你想當醫生，至少應該有一個生物科學專業，那就是

is of interest to you.

是你感興趣的。

If you hate the thought of all bio majors, then seriously ask yourself why you want to

如果你討厭所有生物專業的想法，那麼認真問問自己，你為什麼要

be a doctor.

是醫生。

That being said, there are students who still would rather pursue something else.

說到這裡，有的學生還是寧願追求其他的東西。

After all, you have the rest of your career to study biology and the human body.

畢竟，你有餘下的職業生涯來研究生物學和人體。

For those students with a burning interest in political science, the humanities, art,

對於那些對政治學、人文學科、藝術有著火熱興趣的學生來說。

or Asian history, by all means follow that passion.

或亞洲歷史，無論如何都要追隨這種激情。

Simply understand that it'll be a bit more of an uphill battle for you, but it's definitely

簡單的理解，這對你來說會是一場比較艱苦的戰鬥，但這絕對是一個

not impossible.

並非不可能。

In fact, some medical schools will even prefer that you have a unique background and interests

事實上，有些醫學院甚至會更希望你有獨特的背景和興趣。

outside of medicine that you pursued.

醫學之外，你追求的。

And Consideration 3: Preparation for Medical School Medical school is the toughest, most rigorous

而考慮三：備戰醫學院 醫學院是最艱苦、最嚴格的地方

schooling in the world.

世界上的學校教育。

Getting yourself prepared for that process will only make the transition easier.

讓自己為這個過程做好準備，只會讓過渡變得更容易。

For that reason, I suggest you consider majors that will prepare you either in subject matter

為此，我建議你考慮一些能讓你在學科上有所準備的專業，或者是

or in rigor – or do what I did, and choose a major that prepares you for both.

或在嚴謹--或者像我一樣，選擇一個能讓你為這兩者做好準備的專業。

As a pre-med at UCLA, I chose Neuroscience as my major.

作為UCLA的醫學預科生，我選擇了神經科學這個專業。

The brain, after all, is the sexiest organ in the human body and one of life's greatest

大腦，畢竟是人體最性感的器官，也是人生最偉大的

mysteries – it was something I was and still am deeply interested in.

神祕--這是我過去和現在都深感興趣的東西。

It was a biological science major, so the overlap with my pre-requisites was nice.

這是一個生物科學專業，所以和我的預科重合度很高。

And finally, it was tough.

最後，很艱難。

In fact, during my time at UCLA, Neuroscience and Bioengineering were considered the two

事實上，我在加州大學洛杉磯分校期間，神經科學和生物工程被認為是兩個

most challenging pre-med majors.

最具挑戰性的醫學預科專業。

In choosing a difficult path, I was able to hone my work ethic and learn a great deal

在選擇一條艱難的道路時，我磨練了自己的工作態度，也學到了很多東西

about the nervous system – in some areas to far greater depth than what I even covered

關於神經系統--在某些領域，比我所講的要深入得多。

in medical school.

在醫學院。

I learned so much about the brain and its anatomy as a Neuroscience major that in medical

作為神經科學專業的學生，我學到了很多關於大腦及其解剖學的知識，以至於在醫

school, setting the curve in my neuro and psych block came easily.

學校，設置曲線在我的神經和心理塊很容易來。

Remember, statistics apply to populations, not to individuals.

記住，統計數據適用於人群，而不是個人。

Just because you're a math major doesn't mean you'll do spectacularly, and just because

你是數學專業的學生，並不代表你會有驚人的表現，也不代表你會因為

you're a bio major doesn't mean you're bound to be mediocre.

你是一個生物專業並不意味著你一定是平庸的。

Despite choosing Neuroscience, a biological science, I ended up with a killer MCAT score

儘管我選擇了神經科學，生物科學，但最終我還是拿到了MCAT的殺手級成績。

and my pick of multiple top medical schools, some even with full tuition merit based scholarships.

和我挑選的多所頂級醫學院，有的甚至還有全額學費的擇優獎學金。

And you can do the same!

你也可以這樣做!

That's why I started this YouTube channel – to help you learn the ingredients to success

這就是為什麼我建立了這個YouTube頻道--幫助你學習成功的要素。

in both your personal and professional life.

在你的個人和職業生活中。

These are things that took me years of studying, optimizing, and experimenting to figure out.

這些都是我花了多年的時間去研究、優化、實驗才弄明白的。

In the end, they helped me become wildly successful and I know they can do the same for you.

最後，他們幫助我獲得了巨大的成功，我知道他們也可以為你做同樣的事情。

If you need help planning out your college courses or choosing a pre-med major or even

如果你需要幫助規劃你的大學課程或選擇醫學預科專業甚至是

optimizing your extracurriculars, our top physician advisors at MedSchoolInsiders.com

優化你的課外活動，我們MedSchoolInsiders.com的頂級醫生顧問。

are here to help.

是來幫助你的。

They love what they do, and they're the best in the industry.

他們熱愛他們的工作，他們是行業中最好的。

They've passed our highly rigorous application process and have excelled in their own medical

他們通過了我們嚴格的申請程序，並且在自己的醫療中表現出色。

careers.

職業。

As you guys know, I'm a huge proponent of systems generating results.

你們知道，我是系統產生結果的忠實擁護者。

That's why my team and I have spent months perfecting our proprietary and systematic

這就是為什麼我和我的團隊花了幾個月的時間來完善我們專有的系統化的。

processes that ensure the highest quality service for each and every student.

流程，確保為每一位學生提供最優質的服務。

Unlike other companies, you'll never worry about being “unlucky” and not getting

與其他公司不同的是，你永遠不會擔心自己 "倒黴 "而得不到。

a phenomenal advisor.

一個了不起的顧問。

Our team consistently delivers an excellent experience and service, and I personally stand

我們的團隊始終如一地提供卓越的體驗和服務，我個人認為，我們的團隊是一個很好的團隊。

by that.

以此。

Our results speak for themselves.

我們的成果不言而喻。

Whether it's MCAT tutoring, personal statement editing, preparing for medical school interviews,

無論是MCAT輔導，個人陳述編輯，準備醫學院面試。

or anything else in the medical school application process, we've got your back.

或其他任何醫學院申請過程中的問題，我們都會支持你。

Learn more at MedSchoolInsiders.com.

更多內容請登錄MedSchoolInsiders.com瞭解。

Thank you guys so much for watching.

非常感謝你們的觀看。

What major did you decide on?

你決定選什麼專業？

Let me know in the comments below!

在下面的評論中告訴我吧!

If you have any questions that you'd like me to answer or have featured on my YouTube

如果你有任何問題想讓我回答，或者在我的YouTube上有特色的問題。

channels, shoot me a message on Instagram @kevinjubbalmd.

管道，在Instagram上給我留言@kevinjubbalmd。

If you'd like to see more medical school related videos, make sure you're subscribed

如果你想看更多醫學院相關的視頻，請確保你已經訂閱了。

with the notification bell enabled.

啟用通知鈴聲。

Much love to you all, and I will see you guys in that next one.

很愛你們，我們下一場見。