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  • I'm Dr Chris Street.

  • I'm a reader in cognitive psychology and the University of Huddersfield.

  • I've always had an interest in how people deceive others -

  • for example, if I were lying to you right now, how would you know?

  • Would you look at my eyes? At my body language?

  • Would you look me up online?

  • I'm Chris Street,

  • I'm a reader in psychology at the University of Huddersfield.

  • If we want to detect deception we need to stop looking for

  • those visual behaviours that we think relate to deception,

  • like eyecontact or fidgeting.

  • Instead we need to start thinking about

  • the pieces of information we can find in the world

  • that match or mismatch with the statement being offered.

  • If you want to be able to accurately detect

  • somebody's lies or truths

  • what you need to do is, you need to listen to what they're saying

  • and the way that they say it, not how they're acting.

  • Think about when you are talking to somebody,

  • you meet them for the first time, now any good poker player will tell you

  • that it is very easy to control your face.

  • Therefore facial cues really aren't good cues

  • of whether or not somebody is lying or telling the truth.

  • What you should be doing is

  • you should be listening to what people say -

  • the verbal cues and the way in which they say it -

  • the vocal cues.

  • A lie teller, because they are trying to think very hard,

  • they will use probably the same word over and over again

  • over a very short period of time.

  • There's some general research that suggests

  • we are about 54% accurate when it comes to detecting lies and truths

  • and as I always say, "If that's the case, you might as well flip a coin -

  • you'll be just as accurate."

  • There are some people who think they are lie detection wizards.

  • That they can read subtle clues that we give off.

  • The research suggests that this isn't the case,

  • that there aren't lie detection experts.

  • Liars just don't give themselves away in any obvious fashion.

  • There aren't good clues to deception, we don't avoid eye contact,

  • we don't scratch our face when we're lying or telling the truth.

  • These just aren't reliable indicators and so, expert or not,

  • we have no good information on which to make that decision.

  • We have this idea that if somebody is lying to us

  • they can't keep our eye contact.

  • Now of course, liars know this

  • and what they will do is they will keep your eye contact

  • ever so slightly longer than normal,

  • just enough to make you feel uncomfortable.

  • Number two misconception tends to be

  • when people lie they move about a lot,

  • they kind of get very nervous.

  • In fact the opposite is true. When we lie, we have to think really hard.

  • So imagine you've got a limited amount of energy,

  • you will channel all of that energy into telling a lie

  • and as a consequence, you will become ever so slightly stiller

  • than you normally are.

  • A third misconception is the idea that

  • if we look up to the right or we look up to the left,

  • it determines the type of lie or truth that we're telling.

  • A recent piece of research has in fact debunked the idea

  • that looking up that way or looking up that way

  • is a good way to detect deception, it's not.

  • My top tip for accurately determining

  • whether somebody is lying or telling the truth

  • is using something that we call the honest baseline

  • Now the honest baseline is understanding

  • how people act and speak

  • when they're not stressed and when they're being truthful.

  • So when we ask them a question, now if we find a pretty even match

  • between the way they normally act and the way that they're acting now,

  • we will be fairly happy that they're probably telling us a truth.

  • If we find a mismatch,

  • it might indicate that there is something going on here

  • that we need to follow up with in a bit more detail.

  • ALIED theory, or the...

  • ...argues that when we try to decide

  • if someone's lying or telling the truth

  • what we're doing is actually quite functional

  • and informed with our past experience

  • and with the information available in the world.

  • For instance if I claim to have gone to France last week

  • and I have a selfie of me in France

  • that's a great piece of information that I was actually there.

  • But often we don't have that sort of information, so what do we do?

  • ALIED theory claims that we, rather than simply guess,

  • rely on our past experience of the world to make an informed judgement.

  • People tend to be truth biased,

  • they tend to believe people are telling the truth,

  • and that may be something we want to get rid of.

  • The best thing to do is just try to keep an open mind

  • and engage with the situation in a sceptical manner.

  • I'm Dr Chris Street. I... Nope.

  • Do I have to say it exactly how you've done it

  • or can I just say it as it comes out?

  • I'm Dr Chris Street.

  • I'm a reader in cognitive psychology at the University of Huddersfield.

  • I'm like, moving my hands here, you can't see.

  • Thanks for watching.

  • Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell to receive notifications for new videos.

  • See you again soon!

I'm Dr Chris Street.

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如何判斷一個人是否在對你撒謊|BBC創意頻道 (How to tell if someone is lying to you | BBC Ideas)

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    Summer 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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