Okay? So in this video, we will look at five different mistakes I hear my students make often and ways to correct these mistakes.

好嗎? 在這部影片, 我們將來看五個我聽到我學生在談論時常犯的錯誤, 以及改正的方法.

So let's get started. First we're going to look at pronunciation,

那我們就開始吧. 首先我們先來看發音,

the pronunciation of numbers. Okay, so the first mistake I hear often is when students

關於數字的發音. 好, 第一個我常常聽到學生

are talking about time -- or things in general, but often with time -- they're talking about

在談論時間時所犯的錯誤 -- 或是跟時間有關的, 但通常都是時間 -- 他們談論

the month, the week, the night, the year, the day; they often forget to pronounce the "s"

月, 週, 晚上, 年, 日時, 常常忘記發"s" 的音

or they pronounce an "s" when they shouldn't. So what do I mean by this?

或是在不該發"s" 的音時卻說了. 那我的意思是什麼呢?

Well, first I have "one month", "two months". So notice in this case: there's no "s" so I don't pronounce an "s".

首先我們來看 "一個月", "兩個月". 注意到在一個月這個例子中沒有"s", 我就沒有發"s" 的音.

In this case there is an "s" so I do pronounce an "s".

在兩個月的例子中有"s" 所以我有發"s" 的音. 即使這其實是

So even though it's a pretty simple rule, a lot of people when they speak, they don't do this. I hear students

很簡單的規則, 很多人在說話時卻常常忽略. 我常常聽到學生

say all the time: "I've been here for one years." Or "I lived there for five year."

這麼說:"我到這裡已經一年了(加了s)." 或"我住在這裡已經五年了(沒加s)."

Okay? So be very careful when you say numbers, make sure that the noun that comes after,

好嗎? 所以說數字時要特別注意, 確保皆在他們後方名詞的屬性.

if there's more than one: you need an "s" and it's pronounced, the "s" is pronounced.

如果名詞代表的數字大於1: 你就需要加"s" 的發音.

So what I'd like to do is I'm going to read to you five sentences and I want you to hear

接下來我將閱讀五個句子, 我希望你去聽聽看

if I'm pronouncing the "s" or not. Okay? Oh, and one other thing I should say.

我有沒有發"s" 的音. 好嗎? 喔, 還有一件事我應該先說. 有時

So sometimes "s" are pronounced as "s'" like "sss", other times they're pronounced like "zzz" like a "z".

"s" 的發音就像看到的"s" 一樣發"sss", 但有時候卻會發"zzz" 的音像"z".

So for month: "months", it's pronounced like "sss" like a snake. Week: "weeks". Night: "nights".

所以向對: 月, 週, 晚上的發音都是"sss" 像"蛇" 這個單字一樣的發音.

Okay? Whereas "year" and "day", when we add an "s", the "s" is pronounced like a "z".

好嗎? 而對年, 天, 加"s" 時發

"Years", "days". Okay? So keep that in mind.

"z" 的音. 好嗎? 記住這個規則.

Okay, so the first sentence. Listen carefully to see if I pronounce the "s" after the number or not.

好. 我們來看第一句話. 注意聽我有沒有在數字後發"s" 的音.

"I've been here for one years." Is that a correct sentence?

"我來這裡已經一年了(加了s)." 這句話對嗎?

No, it's not because I said "one", it should have been: "I've been here for one year."

不對, 因為我說"一", 應該是:"我來這裡已經一年了(沒加s)."

Okay, number two: "Four day ago I saw my aunt."

好, 第二句:"四天前我有看到我阿姨(沒加s)."

So what's wrong with this? Is there anything wrong? "Four day ago I saw my aunt."

所以這句話錯在哪裡? 有哪裡錯了嗎?"四天前我有看到我阿姨(沒加s)."

It should be: "Four days ago". There're four of them

應該是:"四天前(有加s)". 有4個

so they need to be plural, so you need to pronounce the "s".

所以應該是複數, 就需要發"s" 的音.

Next one: "I've worked for two months."

下一句:"我已經工作兩個月了(加了s)."

Is there a problem with that? "I've worked for two months."

這句話有問題嗎?"我已經工作兩個月了(加了s)."

No, that sentence is okay. I pronounced the "s" because there were two months.

沒錯, 這句話是對的. 我發了"s"的音因為有兩個

Okay, number four: "I must study for five month."

月. 好, 第四句:"我必須要讀五個月的書.(沒加s)"

"I must study for five month." Did you hear an "s"?

"我必須要讀五個月的書.(沒加s)" 你有聽到"s"的音嗎?

So that one was incorrect. It should be: "I must study for five months." Last one: "I went to Cuba for one weeks."

所以那句話是錯的. 應該是:"我必須要讀五個月的書(有加s)." 最後一句:"我去了古巴一週(有加s)."

What's the problem with this sentence? I pronounced an "s" after "week", but because there's only one,

這句話的問題在哪裡? 我發了"s" 的音, 但因為只有

it shouldn't be "one weeks", it should be "one week". Okay?

一個, 應該不是"一週(有加s)", 而是"一週(沒加s)." 好嗎?

So I know this is a simple pronunciation rule, but it's something that it's very important to be careful with

我知道這是很簡單的發音規則, 但這是要非常小心注意的.

So even if you have to practice at home: "One year, one year,

所以如果你要在家練習:"一年,

one year. Two years, two years, two years." Keep repeating it until it becomes easy and you

兩年." 重覆到對你而言變得很簡單且

don't make that mistake. Okay. So what's our next pronunciation mistake?

不會犯錯. 好. 那接下來發音上常犯的錯誤是什麼呢?

Well this is sort of a funny one. A lot of ESL students, when they mean "Thirteen (13)"

這錯誤其實很有趣. 很多以英語為第二外語課程的學生, 想表達"十三"時,

they say "Thirty (30)" and vice versa. So I'll ask a student: how many years did they go to university?

他們會說成"三十", 反過來也是一樣. 所以當我問學生說你上大學多少年了?

Or not university, that would be a bad example. How many years of schooling did they have?

不該指大學, 這例子不太好. 你上學已經有多少年了?

And I'll hear "Thirty (30)" when what they really mean to say is "Thirteen (13)".

此時我會聽到"三十" 但實際上他們的意思是說"十三"

Okay? And this is very common when it comes to money. Students, you know,

當在說金錢數目時更容易犯這個錯誤. 學生嘛, 你也知道,

they'll hear the sum they have to pay incorrectly or they'll say something costs "Thirty (30)"

他們常常聽錯要給的錢或他們會說這花了我"三十元"

when it really costs "Thirteen (13)" and vice versa. Same with when you give out your phone number

實際上卻是"十三元" , 反之亦然. 在說電話號碼時,

this could be a real problem -- or your address.

或說你的地址時, 這將是個大問題.

So how do I pronounce "thirteen (13)" versus "thirty (30)"? Well the easiest thing to do

所以我是怎麼說"十三" 和"三十"? 最簡單的方法

and this goes for all the teen numbers so 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,

而這方法適用於所有teen結尾的數字如13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,

it also goes for 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 -- it's important to be aware of stress. So what do I mean by stress?

也適用於 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 -- 注意重音的位置. 那我所說的

Well, when we stress something, we say it louder and longer.

重音是什麼意思呢? 當我們發重音時, 我們會發較大聲且較長的音.

So when you say the number "thirteen", the stress should be on "teen". So I should say: "thir-TEEN."

所以當你說數字"十三" 時, 重音在"teen". 所以我應該說:"thir-TEEN."

It's very clear if I say "teen" longer and louder. Same with "sevenTEEN", longer and louder

當我把"teen" 發的比較長也比較大聲時會蠻清楚的. "sevenTEEN"也是一樣, 發長且大聲的音.

So the stress, again, is on "teen", that's what you say louder and longer.

所以再次強調, 重音在"teen" 的位置, 那就是你發長且大聲的音.

Whereas with "thirty", the stress is on the first part. "THIR-ty", so I say the first part very loud and long

而"三十", 重音在第一音節. "THIR-ty", 當我說第一音節時聲音比較大

the second part very short. "SEVENty, SEVENty", again, stress is on the first part

且長, 第二音節非常短. "SEVENty, SEVENty", 同樣的, 重音在第一音節

and I say the second part quick. Now one thing you may have noticed is that

而且我發第二音節的音很快. 有件事你可能有注意到,

when I say the "ty", it's pronounced like a "dy". This happens a lot when we speak.

當我說"ty" 時, 發的音比較像"dy". 在說話時這種情形很常發生.

Instead of saying "seventy", it changes to "sevendy" with a "dy".

與其說"seventy", 通常會變成"sevendy", 字尾變成"dy"的音

So that's somethingelse to be aware of. Let's look at some other common number mistakes.

所以那是一個你要注意的地方. 讓我們來看看其他在數字上會犯的錯誤.

So the next mistake we're going to look at, I see often in student writing. Okay?

下一個我們要來看的錯誤, 我通常在學生的寫作上看到. 好嗎?

So we're going to look at "hundreds", "thousands", "millions", and "billions".

我們來看"百", "千", "百萬". 和"十億".

These are all large numbers. Okay? Notice for example: "He stole millions of dollars."

這些都是大數字. 注意這個例子:"他偷了數百萬元."

So I don't have a specific amount and I have an "s" here. I don't say: "He stole million of dollars."

我沒有強調一個特定的數目, 所以我在這裡加"s". 我不會說"他偷了數百萬元(沒加s)."

"He stole millions of dollars.", "He stole hundreds of dollars.", "

"他偷了數百萬元.", "他偷了數百元." "

He has hundreds of friends on facebook." So notice there's no specific number here, it's just hundreds in general?

他有數百位臉書朋友." 注意這裡沒有特定的數字, 只知道有數百?

We don't know how many hundreds, we just know somewhere in the hundreds.

我們不知道到底有幾百, 只知道大概數百而已.

Same with millions, we don't know how many millions, we just know he stole millions of dollars.

數百萬也一樣, 我們不知道有幾百萬, 只知道他偷了數百萬元.

And in both of these cases, again, they're plural. Same with if we use thousands, billions, trillions.

同樣的, 在這兩個例子裡, 他們都是複數. 對數千, 數十億,數兆也是一樣

But "I have 25 million dollars."

但"我有2500萬元." 我

So what I see a lot of ESL students do is I see them write an "s" here. "I have 25 millions dollars."

看到很多以英語為第二外語課程的學生將"s" 加在million後面. "我有2500萬元(加了s)."

This is incorrect. "I have 25 million dollars." Okay? So if you have a number here,

這是不對的. "我有2500萬元." 好嗎? 所以如果你在這裡看到一個數字, 一個特定

a specific amount of money and you're talking -- it doesn't really matter what you're talking about

數量的錢, 然後你在說 -- 你在說什麼其實不是很重要 -- 這裡

there shouldn't be an "s" even though there's more than one. Same with here: "I have two hundred friends.

就不應該有"s" 即使大於1. 這裡也是一樣:"我有200

" This is correct. I have seen ESL students... Well I've never seen an ESL student actually write this specific sentence,

位朋友." 這是對的. 我看過以英語為第二外語課程的學生...嗯..實際上我從沒看過一位以英語為第二外語的學生寫下這句,

but "I have two hundreds friends." It's wrong.

但"我有200位朋友(hundreds)." 這是錯的.

"I have two hundred friends." So keep in mind: if you see a number before billions, millions,

"我有200位朋友." 所以記得: 如果你在十億, 百萬,

thousands, hundreds - make sure you don't add an "s" to million or hundred.

千, 百, 前看到一個數字 - 記得不要加"s" 在百萬或百上面.

So the fourth mistake I see very, very frequently is writing numbers. So, a lot of students

第四個我很常很常看到的錯誤是寫數字. 有很多學生

and a lot of native speakers get confused when they have to write numbers out.

和很多母語人士都會在寫數字時被混淆.

So I have four example sentences. We'll read them together, and I want you to tell me

所以我有四個例句. 我們一起閱讀它們, 然後我希望你告訴我這些

if these sentences are correct or incorrect; are they right or are they wrong?

句子那些對那些不對?

So the first sentence: "I have 9 cats." This isn't true; I'm not a crazy cat lady,

第一句是:"我有9隻貓." 當然這不是真的, 我不是瘋狂養貓人士, 但

but the sentence is "I have 9 cats." which I think is against the law or the bylaw in my city.

句子是"我有9隻貓." 我想在我的城市裡這是犯法的.

So do you think this sentence is correct or incorrect?

所以你覺得這句話對還是不對?

Okay, if you said "incorrect", that's right. So we'll explain the rule in a second.

好. 如果你說"不對", 你答對了. 我們等等會來解釋規則.

"I have 125 cats." Okay, so before I had nine, now I'm at 125. I'm starting to lose my mind.

"我有125隻貓." 好, 我之前只有9隻, 現在我有125隻. 我開始瘋了.

"I have 125 cats." Is this sentence correct?

"我有125隻貓." 這句話對嗎?

Yeah, it is. Next one: "5 cats live at the shelter." I didn't realize that it seems like

沒錯, 這是對的. 下一句:"5隻貓住在收容所裡." 我之前沒有意識到

most of my examples have cats in them. "5 cats live at the shelter." Is this correct?

我大多數的例子裡都有貓. "5隻貓住在收容所裡." 這句對嗎?

Nope, this one is incorrect. Last sentence: "I have two sisters."

不對, 這句話是錯的. 最後一句:"我有兩位姊姊(或妹妹)."

Okay, is this sentence correct?

好, 這句話對嗎?

Yup, this one's okay.

沒錯, 這句話沒問題.

So we have two correct sentences here, and two incorrect sentences.

所以我們有兩句對和兩句錯.

So why is this sentence incorrect? Well, so we have the number "9". If a number is a single number

那為什麼這句話錯? 嗯, 我們有數字"9", 那有什麼不對嗎? 如果這只有單一數字

So what are single numbers? So 1 to... Well they're pretty much one, two, continue.

所以什麼是單一數字? 像1到... 嗯, 有非常多, 大概像一, 二, 等等.

Thirty is a single number, forty. These are considered single numbers,

三十是單一數字, 四十. 這些都稱做單一數字,

so there's only one word that's written. Okay? So if you have a number where it's just one word that you need to write,

寫的時候只會寫出一個單字. 好嗎? 所以如果你要寫的數字只有一個單字,

you don't write it like this. You would write "nine". "I have nine cats."

你不能寫得像這樣. 你要寫"九". "我有九隻貓."

Okay? In this case: "125" is not a single number.

好嗎? 在這個例子裡:"125" 不是單一數字.

If we wrote it, it would be very long: "one hundred and twenty-five". We wouldn't write this out

如果我們寫成文字, 就會變得非常長:"一百二十五". 我們不會這樣寫

because it's just too long. So, "nine" is a single number, "125", it's not a single

因為太長了. 所以, "九" 是單一數字. "125", 不是單一

number. If it was just "one", that would be fine, if it was just "twenty",

數字. 如果只是"一", 那沒關係, 如果只是"二十", 也沒關係.

that would be fine. But "25", "21", "35" - these are not single numbers; you can write them like this

但"25", "21", "35" - 這些不是單一數字, 你可以把它們寫成阿拉伯數字.

Okay, what about this one, what's wrong with this one?

好, 那這句呢, 這句錯在

"5 cats live at the shelter." You shouldn't begin a sentence with a numeral.

哪裡? "5隻貓住在收容所裡." 你不應該以阿拉伯數字開頭.

This should be changed to "five". It should be written out. And if you have a really long number like

這應該改成"五". 這應該要這麼寫. 而如果我有個很長的

"125 cats live at the shelter", I can't write: "One hundred and twenty-five

數字像:"125隻貓住在收容所裡." 我沒辦法在這裡寫:"一百二十五隻

cats" here and it's just so long and awkward to write, it's better to change the sentence.

貓" 因為這實在是太長且太難寫了. 此時最好改變句子的結構.

So instead of saying: "125 cats live at the shelter", I could say: "There are 125 cats at the shelter.

所以與其說:"125隻貓住在收容所裡." 我可以說:"有125隻貓

"Okay? And so for d): "I have two sisters."

在收容所裡." 好嗎? 那d)也是一樣:"我有兩位姊姊(或妹妹)."

This one's correct. 'Two' is a single number, so this is a correct sentence. So again,

這是對的. "二" 是單一數字, 所以這句話是對的. 再次提醒,

don't start a sentence with a numeral, and in terms of single numbers: write with letters.

別用阿拉伯數字開頭, 且當用單一數字時, 用文字寫.

Okay, so our final number mistake that I see often, this is another one that has to do with writing

好, 最後我們要來看的關於數字的錯誤, 這是另一個

and also grammar in terms of pronunciation.

以發音而言和寫作與文法有關的錯誤.

Okay, so I want you to look at the first two sentences. "I have an eight-year-old (son)."

好, 我希望你先來看這兩個句子:"我有個八歲的(兒子)."

So there're two ways I could say this. I could say: "I have an eight-year-old."

這裡有兩種說法. 我可以說:"我有個八歲的小孩."

and people will know I'm talking either about a son or a daughter or I could say: "I have an eight-year-old son."

就會知道我在說我有個兒子或女兒, 或我可以說:"我有個八歲的兒子

Both are correct. Now compare this to: "I am eight years old." What do you notice?

." 兩個都對. 現在跟這句做比較:"我八歲." 你注意到了什麼?

Well first of all, in "b)", there are no hyphens. What else do you notice? Well, in "eight-year-old"

首先, 在'b)", 沒有連字號. 你還注意到什麼事? 嗯, 在"八歲的"

there's no "s" whereas "eight years old" there is an "s". So why is this?

沒有"s" 而"八歲" 有"s". 所以為什麼是這樣呢?

Well let's look at another example. "I went for four days." So what do you notice?

我們來看另一個例子. "我去了四天." 你注意到了什麼?

No hyphen and an "s". "I went on a four-day hike." Okay. So what's the rule that we're looking at here?

沒有連字號且有"s". "我去了一個為期四天的健行." 好, 所以這裡的規則是什麼?

Why is it that sometimes we have hyphens with age or with time,

為什麼有時在年齡或時間會有連字號,

and sometimes we don't, and why sometimes an "s", why sometimes do we not have an "s"? Well, we have to think about

有時卻沒有, 且為什麼有時有"s", 有時卻沒有"s" 呢? 我們要去設想

whether or not we're talking about an adjective. So in the first case: "eight-year-old"

我們究竟是不是要表達一個形容詞. 所以在第一個例子裡:"八歲的"

is describing something; it's describing the noun "son". And although sometimes we don't

是描述一個東西; 它描述了名詞"兒子". 雖然我們有時會省略

use the word "son", it's still an adjective which is why we use "eight-year-old" with hyphens.

"兒子" 這個字, 它仍然是個形容詞, 也就是為什麼我們用"八歲的"

So first rule: if you're using time, either age or number of something as an adjective,

加上連字號. 所以第一條規則是: 不論是年齡還是數字, 只要是形容詞,

use a hyphen. Okay? Second rule: when you're using time or age

就要用連字號. 好嗎? 第二個規則: 當你將時間或年齡

as an adjective, don't add an "s". So there's no "s" on days, no "s" on year. So in d

表示成形容詞時, 不要加"s". 所以這裡的日, 年都沒有"s". 在d選項

"I went on a four-day hike.", "four-day" is the adjective and what is it describing?

"我去了一個為期四天的健行.", "四天的" 是形容詞且它描述了什麼?

The noun "hike" -- or, yeah, sorry --, the noun "hike". So that's a noun. So if it's an adjective:

名詞"健行" -- 喔, 等等, 不好意思 -- 名詞"健行". 所以那是個名詞. 如果它是個形容詞:

use the hyphen and don't use an "s". So let's look at two more sentences.

用連字號但不加"s". 我們再來看兩個句子.

"The twenty-year-old man.", "The man is twenty years old."

"一位二十歲的男人.", "這個男人已經二十歲了."

So again, here we have a noun.

同樣的, 這裡我們有個名詞.

"Twenty-year-old" is an adjective; it's describing the man. We could also talk about a ten-year-mortgage.

"二十歲的" 是形容詞, 它描述了這個男人. 我們也可以說一個十年期的抵押貸款.

In this case we would, again, have the hyphens and no "s" after years. Okay? Well what about for:

在這個例子裡, 我們再次有連字號但不加"s" 在年後面. 好嗎? 那

"I am eight years old"? Any time you're talking about your age or any time you're not using the adjective,

"我八歲" 這句呢? 在任何時間, 你在談論你的年齡或不用形容詞時,

you need the "s". So any time somebody says: "How old are you?"

你需要加上"s". 所以不論什麼時候有人說:"你幾歲?"

use the "s". "I am 26 years old.", "I am 14 years old." Okay? So the difference, again,

用"s". "我26歲.", "我十四歲." 好嗎? 所以再看一次, 相異處在

is whether the number is an adjective or not. Okay, so I want to invite you to come visit

數字是否被表示成形容詞. 好, 所以我想請你們來造訪

our website at www.engvid.com. Here you'll find a quiz and you can practice all these different number rules,

我們的網站www.engvid.com. 你會找到測驗來練習所有 不同的數字規則

you can figure out if you make any types of these mistakes, any

你可以看看你有沒有犯這些錯誤,

of these common mistakes. So I invite you to come visit our website. Until next time,

我邀請你們來造訪我們的網站. 下次再會.

take care.

保重.