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  • Hello this video is about 'that' and 'who' in these kind of sentences.

  • Like, I'll just write it here 'the man who came to dinner' or the 'mouse that roared'

  • and a few variations.

  • Hope you enjoy it.

  • Looking at 'that' and 'who' in relative clauses so first of all here's a pair of sentences.

  • I've got two pairs. 'Snow White is a story' that's the first sentence and the second one

  • in this first pair 'the story has always been popular' now I can make these two sentences

  • into one sentence by taking the second half of the second sentence. There we are, moving

  • it up there, and putting in the word 'that' in order to complete a sentence.

  • 'Snow White is a story that has always been popular' 'A story that'.

  • 'A story' is the thing. And it goes with 'that' now here's my next pair of sentences

  • 'I met a man' and the other one. Second one 'the man speaks six languages' hmm. Wish I

  • did!

  • Now exactly the same as above I can join these two sentences together by taking the second

  • half of the second sentence like that and grabbing it and moving it up there, and putting

  • in the word 'who' because it is the man 'who' a person goes with the word 'who' but it's

  • more complicated than that as you will find out soon.

  • Here's the next little scene with a picture of a woman who's rather happy because she's

  • doing a job she likes. She's looking after a baby in hospital; she's a doctor and so

  • I can write underneath:

  • 'A woman who wants to be (notice a 'woman who') who wants to be happy, must find a job

  • that (a job that) a job that satisfies her, there we go. So just like before weve got

  • a woman underlined in blue; a person goes with who and a job, which is a thing, goes

  • with 'that' - so a woman who and a job that.

  • And here's another example of the same thing. Here’s a man with cats, he doesn't really

  • like the cats and the cats don't like him

  • So what can I write?

  • I knew a man who was scared of cats - 'A man who' or was it the cats that were scared of

  • him? So I'll just underline quickly there 'man

  • who' and 'cats that'.

  • But it's a bit more complicated than that as you will see now in scene 2.

  • I'll just take all that text and move it down a bit because we can use a person woman or

  • a man, with who or that so I'm going to write in the other option there: 'A woman that wants

  • to be happy.' (I'll put a bracket) and a man that was scared of cats. You can use that

  • or who with people I'll just put a little blue arrow there to

  • show that it goes with both; ‘a woman thator 'a woman who' and 'a man that' or 'a man

  • who'.

  • With things you can only use that. Now I can describe 'that' in a different way with a

  • diagram, so I'm going to put a little diagram at the bottom here.

  • 'That' for things and 'who' for people. But it's also true that 'that' is for people - Imagine

  • that this is as railway line and we're just joining the two tracks together. So 'that'

  • is for both things and people andwhois only for people.

  • And again I haven’t left myself enough room so I'll move it down so I can write in the

  • title. I call this 'the switch', 'the Switch'.

  • Now if you want to read more about the switch, we have a website called grammarbites.co.uk

  • And go to forward-slash articles and you'll find something else about the switch.

  • Right let's move on to the next scene. Here are 2 young men talking about the job which

  • one of them has and he's not happy and his friend says 'do you' (woops sorry) 'do you

  • hate this job?' - 'do you hate this job?'

  • And the other one says 'well, it's not the job, it's not the job that I hate' (woops)

  • 'That I hate', 'it’s not the job that I hate dot dot dot'

  • I'm going to put that in brackets because there's a new subject 'I' so we don't have

  • to use that you can sayit's not the job I hateinstead of sayingit's not the

  • job that I hatewhich is ok, you can sayit's not the job I hate’, it’s something

  • and here it is someone, not something. And this is his boss he's not comfortable with

  • him so here's what he is saying dot dot dot

  • 'It’s the man who' (or that, because it's a person) 'it's the man who they appointed

  • as my manager' 'It's the man they appointed as my manager'.

  • I'm going to put 'who' and 'that' in brackets because you don't have to use 'who' or 'that'

  • you can just say 'It's the man they appointed as my manager'.

  • Now the reason is there's a new subject in both cases. So if you look on the left there

  • you'll see there's a new subject 'I', just underline the word 'I'there.

  • If you look on the right there's a new subject 'they' I'll just underline that. So if there's

  • a new subject you don't have to use the relative pronounwhoor 'that'.

  • Now to finish I'm going to put up four sentences, here they are. And I'm going to put up 4 alternative

  • ways of filling the gaps, each sentence is different and each gap fill will have to be

  • different.

  • So first of all I'm going write out the four alternatives here they are, you can guess

  • what they're going to be.

  • 'That' is the first one, then the next one I’ll write here is 'who or that' because

  • they are always alternative then I’m going to put the same thing again but in brackets

  • so I’ll write 'that' in brackets and finally the last one I'll writewho/thatin

  • brackets.

  • Before I fill in the answers, you might want to pause the video and think about the sentences

  • for a minute.

  • The first one 'Karim is a man'; a man is a person so I’ll just underline 'man'. That’s

  • a person, that’s your first hint, and the second hint is 'likes' is the verb there is

  • no new subject so you can guess what the answer is going to be it's going to be 'who or that'

  • not in brackets, there we go.

  • 'Karim is a man who likes coffee and conversation' or 'is a man that likes coffee and conversation'

  • Now the next one, 'the train' is a thing so that gives us the first clue it can't be 'who'

  • and the second clue is after the gap we have a new subject 'you', so that tells us 'that'

  • it's going to be that it's going to be in brackets. So I’ll just go up grab that put

  • it down there we are: 'the train that you should catch leaves at 4.25', or if you like,

  • 'the train you should catch leaves at 4.25'.

  • Now the next one 'I'll smile at everyone', 'everyone' is a person so that gives me a

  • clue it's going to be 'who' or 'that' and the second clue is the 'I' which is a new

  • subject so it's going to be 'who or that' in brackets.

  • I’ll just go up and grab that, pull it down, 'who/that' in brackets: 'I’ll smile at everyone

  • I meet today'.

  • And the last sentence 'thing' that gives us a clue and there's no new subject just the

  • verb and anyway there's only one option left but just to be sure you understand the reason

  • why, those are the reasons. So we put 'that' there, those are the four sentences complete.

  • That’s the end of the first video on relative clauses which we're making and there’s more

  • to come.

  • That's all for today, bye for now!

Hello this video is about 'that' and 'who' in these kind of sentences.

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學習英語 - 句子。相對句(1 - 'that'& 'who') (Learn English - Sentences: Relative Clauses (1 - 'that' & 'who'))

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    钟楹海 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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