Neuroscience and psychology help explain and describe our behaviors.

神經科學與心理學能幫忙解釋和描述我們的行為。

Our brain controls our actions.

我們的大腦控制著我們的行為。

Everything from making decisions, to feeling love, to daydreaming, to creating habits and even remembering.

從決策、感受愛、作白日夢、到養成習慣，甚至是記憶，無所不包。

At times, we tend to wonder why we act, think or feel a certain way.

有時，我們會想知道為什麼我們會這樣反應，這樣想，或這樣感覺。

So, here's a list of 12 fun and awesome psychology facts you wish you knew.

那麼，以下列出了 12 個你想知道，有趣且令人驚嘆的心理學事實。

Fact number one: multitasking.

事實一：多工處理。

Did you know you can't multitask?

你知道你其實不能同事做多件事嗎？

According to science, your brain can only focus on one thing.

根據科學顯示，你的腦只能專注在一件事情上。

It might seem like you are multitasking but the truth is, your brain is shifting its focus quickly.

表面上，看起來像在多工處理，事實上，你的大腦只是在快速轉移焦點。

The reason we can talk and walk at the same time is because these behaviors are automatic.

我們能同時說話和走路，是因為這些是我們不假思索的行為。

On the other hand, your brain cannot process simultaneously tasks that require high levels of brain function.

另一方面，你的大腦無法同時處理多個需要高水準腦功能的任務。

For example, reading a book and watching television at the same time.

舉例來說：同時看書和看電視。

Fact number two: gossip.

事實二：八卦。

Do you like gossip or deep conversations?

你喜歡八卦還是有內涵的談話呢？

If you enjoy communicating in a meaningful manner, I hate to break this to you.

如果你喜歡進行有內涵的談話，我真的不想潑你冷水。

Up to 75 to 80 percent of your conversations contain gossip.

你的談話中，高達 75%至 80%包含了八卦。

People use this as a source of information to get to know people and formulate their own conclusions.

人們以此當作訊息來源來認識人，並得出自己的結論。

Fact number three: addiction to social media.

事實三：社群媒體上癮。

Are you addicted to social media?

你對社群媒體上癮嗎？

Some of us continuously check out Instagram and other social pages.

我們之中，有些人總在查看 Instagram 和其他社群軟體的頁面。

Dopamine makes you addicted to seeking information.

多巴胺讓你對尋找資訊上癮。

This is a neurotransmitter in the brain that gives you the desire to constantly look for information; therefore, you will feel gratified when you browse your feed on social media.

這是大腦中的一種神經傳遞物，激起你不斷找尋訊息的慾望；因此，當你在瀏覽社群媒體時，你會因而感到滿足。

Fact number four: habit.

事實四：習慣。

Have you ever wondered how long it takes to form a habit?

你曾想過要建立一個習慣需要多久的時間嗎？

At first it was believed it took 21 days, but recent research suggests it takes approximately 66 days which is the reason why many people try to create a new habit such as exercising only to fail within the first couple of days.

起初，我們相信是 21 天，然而近期的研究顯示這需要大概 66 天的時間，這就是為什麼人們想建立像是規律運動的習慣，但最終在前幾天就失敗的原因。

Fact number five: holding hands.

事實五：牽手。

Do you fancy holding hands with a loved one?

你曾幻想過被心愛的人握著手嗎？

Well, I have good news for you.

嗯，我有一個好消息要分享給妳。

Holding hands with someone you truly care about can alleviate stress and physical pain.

與一個你真心在乎的人牽手，能減輕壓力和舒緩身體疼痛。

This is beneficial because it decreases cortisol levels and increases oxytocin.

牽手是有益的，因為這能降低皮質醇，增加催產素。

Cortisol is a stress hormone and oxytocin is the love hormone.

皮質醇是一種壓力賀爾蒙，而催產素是一種愛情賀爾蒙。

Therefore, you end up feeling better after holding hands.

因此，在牽手後，你會感覺比較好。

Fact number six: junk food.

事實六：垃圾食物。

Do you have a difficult time stopping yourself from buying and eating junk food?

你在阻止自己購買和吃垃圾食物這件事上有遇到困難嗎？

Food addiction involves the same areas of the brain as drug addiction.

食物成癮和藥物成癮所涉及的大腦部位其實是一樣的。

Junk food activates the reward system in your brain, releasing dopamine.

垃圾食物會激起你腦中的犒賞系統，釋放多巴胺。

Your brain unconsciously seeks out rewarding behavior, making it harder for you to control yourself from eating processed food.

你的大腦會不自覺地尋找獎勵行為，讓你更難控制自己吃加工食品。

Fact number seven: Dunning Kruger effect.

事實七：達克效應。

Did you know that intelligent people tend to underestimate their intellect?

你知道聰明的人往往會低估自己的智力嗎？

This is called the Dunning Kruger effect.

這個現象叫做達克效應。

This is a phenomenon that occurs when people fail to appropriately evaluate their capacity to do things, therefore minimizing their potential.

當一個人無法適當評估自己做事能力，因而將自身潛力降至最低時，就稱為達克效應。

Fact number 8: long-term memory.

事實八：長期記憶。

Have you ever looked back at your past only to realize your memory got distorted?

你是否曾經回首過往，卻意識到自己的記憶被扭曲了？

This occurs because the brain alters the memory every time you think about it.

這是因為每當你回想某件事時，你的大腦就會去改變記憶。

Research suggests when you recall a memory, you're remembering the last time you recalled it and not the actual memory introducing faulty information to it.

研究顯示，當你回想時，你記得的是你上次回想它的時間，而非引入錯誤資訊的實際記憶。

Fact number 9: decision-making.

事實九：決策。

Have you ever wondered how you make your decisions?

你曾想過自己是怎麼下決定的嗎？

Well, I hate to break this to you but most of your decisions are made subconsciously.

我不想潑你冷水，但是你大多數的決定都是在淺意識裡做出的。

Your brain will become overwhelmed if you consciously calculated every decision.

如果你有意識地去評估每個決定，你的大腦將會難以承受。

Your brain receives loads of information per second and it simply doesn't have enough power to process it all consciously without overloading.

你的大腦每秒都在接受大量訊息，它根本沒有足夠的精力去處理每個決定還不超載。

Fact number 10: nature and the brain.

事實時：自然與大腦。

Did you know your brain secretes chemicals when you're in nature?

你知道當你身處自然之中時，大腦會分泌化學物質嗎？

These chemicals help boost your thinking and relieve stress.

這些化學物質能幫助你思考，舒緩壓力。

Spending time in nature allows your brains prefrontal cortex to rest.

身處自然之中能使你腦中的前額葉皮質休息。

Research also suggests that spending time in nature will improve your mental health.

研究也顯示，在大自然中度過一些時光，能改善你的心理健康。

Fact number 11: rejection and physical pain.

事實十一：拒絕和身體疼痛。

Have you ever wondered why the brain can't differentiate rejection from physical pain?

你曾想過，為什麼大腦沒辦法區別身體疼痛和被拒絕的痛苦嗎？

Although the brain processes physical pain and emotional pain differently, it can't discriminate between the two.

儘管大腦對身體疼痛和心靈痛苦的處理方式不同，但它仍無法區分這兩者。

This is because the brain releases the same natural pain killing chemical when a person is shunned or physically hurt, therefore confusing the brain.

這是因為當人們被拒絕或身體受到傷害時，大腦會釋放相同的天然止痛化學物質，使得大腦無法區分這兩者。

Fact number 12: daydreaming.

事實十二：作白日夢。

Did you know you can daydream 30 to 47 percent of your day?

你知道你一天有 30％ 到 47% 的時間都在作白日夢嗎？

Why do you do this?

為什麼會這樣呢？

Well, it allows your brain to wander freely.

因為這使你的大腦能夠任意遊蕩。

Research suggests that daydreaming increases productivity and boosts creativity.

研究顯示，作白日夢能夠增加生產率，提高創造力。

Scientists think daydreaming also allows you to understand your thoughts and help you exercise different scenarios in your brain.

科學家認為，白日夢能讓你了解自己的想法，並在腦中演練多種可能發生的情況。

These are only a few of many interesting psychology facts out there.

以上只是許多有趣心理學事實的一小部分。

Which of these facts have you enjoyed the most?

你最喜歡哪一個呢？

What other cool information do you know?

你還知道哪些有趣的訊息嗎？

Let us know in the comments section.

在下方留言區讓我們知道。