And some of you may look at these great people and then at his current situation and probably going to say, "I will never be like these people, these guys are born geniuses."

你們之中，可能會有人看著這些成功人士和他當前的情況，說著：「我永遠沒辦法跟這些人一樣，他們都是天才。」

But we often forget that we have already mastered the most difficult tasks of lifetime: learning to walk and talk.

但我們卻常忘記我們早已精通一生中最艱難的任務：學習走路和說話。

If you look at babies, they never decide it's too hard or not worth the effort, they don't worry about making mistakes or humiliating themselves, they walk, they fall, they get up again and they keep doing it until they make it.

當你觀察嬰兒，你會發現他們不曾會認為這太困難或是不值得付出努力，他們不會擔心犯錯或是丟臉；他們會走，會跌倒，也會再次站起身努力學習，直到學會為止。

So, some of us keep learning in that way but most of us, once we grow little bit and learn how to evaluate our selves we start being afraid of challenges or not being smart.

我們之中有些人會繼續以這種方式學習，但大部份的人，一旦我們長大，學會如何評估自己，便開始害怕挑戰，或怕自己不是聰明的那群人。

So, here are some ideas from the book that I really find helpful.

那麼，以下是從書中截取的一些想法，我認為是很有幫助的。

Successful people learn; unsuccessful people try to prove themselves.

那是人們所學習的，不成功的人會試著證明自己。

What most people try to do is that they always try to prove to people that they are right.

大多數的人總在試圖向他人證明自己是正確的。

I mean every argument they go into, they must make sure that they are right even though that they are not.

我是說他們在參與的每場爭論中，都必須確保自己是對的，即使他們不是。

And then when they start losing the argument, they have to justify themselves in anyway, like one of my friends says "I am right not because of what I say but because I am so and so."

而當他們開始輸掉這場爭論時，他們會想盡辦法證明自己；就像我其中一個朋友說過：「我是對的，不是因為我說的是對的，而是因為我怎樣怎樣。」

That's the mindset of unsuccessful people.

這就是不成功的人的思維模式。

But what the successful person is going to say “I don't have to prove my self to anyone, I just need to keep learning”.

但成功人士會說：「我不需要向任何人證明自己，我只需要繼續學習。」

"I mean I can learn from anyone and I can be wrong."

「我是說我可以向任何人學習，我也可能會是錯的。」

"It does not matter, I still can learn."

「這都不重要，我還是可以學習。」

Successful people keep getting smarter; unsuccessful people pretend to be smart.

成功的人會變得越來越聰明；不成功的人會假裝自己很聰明。

This is one of my favorites.

這句是我的最愛之一。

So during the class, what happen to most of the students is that if they don't understand something, they keep quite because they don't want to look dumb.

課堂上最常發生在學生身上的情況，就是假如有他們不理解的東西，他們會選擇沈默，因為他們不想顯得自己很愚蠢。

I mean they have this kind of mentality, “If I ask something, people are going to know that I did not understand, therefore they are going to think that I am dumb.”

我是說他們有「如果我問問題，大家就會知道我不懂，他們就會覺得我很笨」這樣的心態。

It may sound weird but that's most people do.

這可能聽起來很奇怪，但大部分的人就是如此。

But the successful people don't waste time pretending to be smart, they know that, no one is born smart or genius and people get smarter by learning.

反之，成功人士不會浪費時間假裝聰明，他們知道沒有人出生就很聰明或天資聰穎，人們變聰明的方法就是透過學習。

So they are most likely to going to ask if they don't understand something.

所以當他們不理解時，他們最可能做的就是問問題。

Successful people look for challenges to improve themselves; unsuccessful people look for weak to show off themselves.

成功的人會尋找挑戰，精進自己；不成功的人會找尋弱者，炫耀自己。

So, They offered four-year-olds a choice: they could redo an easy puzzle or they could try a harder one.

研究者提供四歲小孩們一個選擇：他們可以選擇重做一個簡單的拼圖，或是嘗試一個更困難的。

Children those who believed in fixed traits—stuck with the safe one.

那些相信「天才」的孩子，都選擇安全的那個拼圖。

They said things like "kids who are born smart don't do mistakes."

他們會說：「天資聰穎的小孩不會犯錯。」

On the other side, children who believed you could get smarter thought it was a strange choice.

另一方面，那些相信人可以透過學習，變得更聰明的孩子，覺得那是個很詭異的選擇。

They said things like, "why would anyone want to keep doing the same puzzle over and over?"

他們會說：「為什麼會有人想要一而再地做同一份拼圖？」

So, they chose harder one.

所以他們會選擇困難的。

You might also be saying the same thing, but most of us are with fixed mindset.

你可能也會說同樣的話，但大部份的我們都還是相信天資聰穎這件事。

I mean, if we are comfortable to do something in a certain way, we are going to stick to it for the rest of our life.

我是說，如果我們以某個方式做某件事感到很自在，我們餘生會選擇就這樣做下去。

And if we ever try something new, the moment we start facing challenges, we are like "oh that's not for me."

假如我們要嘗試新事物，當我們開始面對挑戰的那一霎那，我們會說：「噢！這真的不適合我。」

We can't even spend 20 minutes a day to read a book to stay mentally stable, and then we ask for some kind of little trick on how to be successful.

我們甚至無法每天花 20 分鐘讀一本書，以保持心靈穩定，卻還是想知道成功的小竅門。

So, these are my favorite ideas from the book "mindset" by Carol Dweck.

那麼，以上就是在 Carol Dweck 所撰寫的《mindset》一書中，我最喜歡的一些想法。