字幕列表 影片播放 列印英文字幕 Lightning energy in its raw display of power. Lightning strikes can be as powerful as 1 million volts and reach temperatures of 50,000 degrees it can't be controlled and you never know where it will strike but thats not the case when it comes to the energy sources you work with. These energy sources may be in various forms but they can be controlled. Think about it like catching lightning in a bottle. Raw power, raw energy. Captured and controlled for the moment by a lock and key. OSHA created the lock out tag out standard to protect the employees from the unexpected start up or release store energy from equipment. That could harm a worker while performing service. Employers must have a written step by step energy control plan that follows the OSHA standard employees need to be familiar with and understand the lock out tag out plan music We usually think of electricity when we hear the words lock out tag out Electrical energy is present in power transmission lines, circuit breakers, motors and store electrical energy, There are other types of energy used by in the workplace besides electricity. Hydraulic energy is fluid under pressure. Lift trucks are often run by hydraulic energy. Numatic energy is air under pressure. Nail guns use this type of engery. Pressurized liquids and gasses including steam and chemicals are energy sources present in pipes supply lines and storage tanks. Many machines use combined energy types. For example, some hydraulic systems use electic motors to run the pumps that create the hydraulic energy. The lock out tag out standard applies to all of these types of energy as well as any well as any other hazardous energy source that can cause bodily harm Music What do lock out and tag out mean? Both are procedures used to prevent hazardous energy from injuring workers. For lock out a lock is put on a disconnect switch, circuit breaker, valve handle or other energy isolating device in the off position. The lock commonly use for lock out is a standard lock with key. However a combination lock is acceptable as well. For tag out a written warning is placed in the lock out area of the equipment or machine. Tags do not provide the physical restrictions of a lock. The OSHA standard allows a tag in the place of a lock only if the tag out provides the equal protection of a lock out. Tags must be made so that if they are exposed to liquids or acids they can still be read. Tags must have warning on them that has the same wording and look in order to make them easier to recognize. Tags must be attached securely so that they can't accidentally fall off. All locks and tags must be consistent by color, shape or size. OSHA considers using a lock safer than just using a tag. And most companies require both lock out and tag out. If only tags are used, extra steps must be taken to prevent the energizing of machinery. Such as removing a valve handle or blocking a controller. Employees should be trained in the limitations of the tag out system. It is very important to obey the warnings on tags Especially since they will not keep you from turning power on. Your employer will provide all lock out tag out materials needed. These items must be long lasted and not easily removed. Each lock and tag should have some way to identify who it belongs to. Each person may be issued a lock or series of locks. Never lend it to a coworker. Devices used for lock out tag out should only be used for that purpose. And should never be used for anything else. Applying or removing locks and tags can only be done by authorized employees. Never remove someone else lock or tag. When working with outside contractors learn their method of lock out tag out as well. Remember using a locjk or tag is a big responsibly. Don't take it lightly. Music According to OSHA's lock out tag out standard whenever performing service or maintenance on any machine where unexpected start up or the release of stored energy could cause injury. Lock out tag out procedure must be followed. Service and maintenance activities require lock out tag out if the employee is required to remove or by pass a guard or safety device or place any part of his or her body into a machine process point of operation or associated danger zone. Minor adjustments that take place during or part of normal production are not part of the standard. Some times equipment maybe de-energized simply by unplugging it. Cords and plugs are exempt from lock out tag out if energy is completely removed by unplugging the source and the plug must be under the exclusive control of the person working on the equipment. The use of a plug lock prevents it from being put into a socket and is a good option. Who are authorized and effected employees? An authorized employee is the one who physically locks and tags out a machine in order to perform service. And effected employee is someone who does not actually perform certain service. But may operate the machinery or work in the area where the service will be performed. Music There are 6 steps to proper lock out tag out. Prepare for shut down, shut down isolate energy source apply lock out tag out device release stored energy and verify. When preparing to shut down equipment answer these questions. How many energy sources does the machine have? And how do I control these sources of energy to completely disable them? Before working on any machinery or equipment be familiar how it works and how it relieves and releases energy a written procedure or check list that details the shut down of the equipment should be available. Turn off the equipment according to procedure. This may involve turning the switch to off or a more complicated method. Ask a supervisor if you are unsure. Isolating the equipment means finding and isolating any energy source that feeds it this includes switching circuit breakers off tracing lines or pipes. Throwing disconnects and capping any secondary sources of energy. Locks and or tags must be attached to all energy isolating equipment valves or switches. To hold them in the off or safe postion. Any thing that could restore the flow of energy must be locked out. The use of both locks and tags is preferred tags provide that locks by itself cannot. Such as the type of work being done. The estimated work time. And the authorized person who is performing the work. A tag also helps clear and identify that the machine has been locked out. If only the tag out procedure is used the tag should be place where the lock would go If working on a piece of equipment that can't be locked out place a tags as close to the energy isolating device as possible. OSHA now requires any new machinery to come with a energy isolating device that can be locked. OSHA also requires that older equipment that is modified or renovated must outfitted for lock out. So far we have talked about only one person locking out a piece of equipment but in reality there may be times when several people need to lock out a piece of equipment your employer has a written procedure detailing how to do this. Generally in mulitple lock outs OSHA allows one authorized person to lock out each energy source the key to each lock would be place in the lock box that all other authorized person who will be working on the equipment lock the lock box shut with their personal locks no one can get to the keys to unlock the equipment energy sources until all personal have removed their box from the box. This method ensures that each person is protected. True or False once locks and tags are place on energy sources the worker is safe. The answer is sometimes true and some times false. What makes the difference? Some equipment stores up energy and that is a hazard to ensure protection relieve disconnect or restrain any hazardous energy that could be present. Check that all moving parts have stopped relieved trapped pressure like pipe blanches and block or support elevated equipment. If it possible that energy might still build up. Check it often while working. Or until the hazard no longer exists. Check the steps make sure every energy source is shut down, blocked off, controlled and locked or tagged out. Tell everyone in the lock out area that the equipment will be tested to verify that all energy sources have been controlled. Make sure that everyone is away from the area. Press all start buttons pull all start levers and all other activating control that might restore power to the machine. This includes checking remote computer controls. After check all power sources make sure to return them to the off position. This is very important as it prevents the equipment from starting by itself when energy is restored. After verifying that all energy sources are controlled it is safe to begin work on the equipment. Now lets quickly review the 6 steps for shutting down and securing energy sources. Step 1 prepare for shut down. Step 2 Shut down. Step 3 Isolate Energy source Step 4 apply lock out tag out devices Step 5 release stored energy Step 6 Verify Music When the work is complete it is time to safely remove lock out tag out tag out devices and re-energize the equipment. The OSHA standard has 3 steps that cover this procedure Step 1 is to restore the work area to operating conditions. This means ensuring that all tools have been removed from the work area. And double checking that all equipment components are in place and in working order. Machines must be operationally in tact it is also important to replace safety features such as machine guards and close any access panels that we open. Before removing any locks or tags all effected employees must be told that lock out tag out devices are going to be removed and employees must be informed after all lock out tag devices have been removed. This can be done by gathering every body together or by a checklist of effect employees. Before removing any devices and before re-energizing equipment make sure all employees are safely out of the operating area. After notifying everyone that lock out tag out devices will be removed begin taking locks and tags off each device must be removed by the person who put it on if the person who placed the device on the equipment is not present do not remove it yourself. A written energy control procedure will list certain steps to follow for this situation. When re energizing the equipment follow the standard procedures from time to time check the equipment and the work area to make sure it is still safe. Finally if there is a machine that is off but has no lock or tag on it do not assume that it is safe to turn on double check before restoring power to any machine Music The OSHA Lock out tag out standard requires the employer to inspect the energy control program each year. It describes each machines energy source and the company's procedure for shut down lock out tag out and restarting equipment. During the inspection the inspector will ask each authorized their responsibilities under this energy control program. If the inspector has reason to believe that an employee does not have satisfactory knowledge of procedure that employee will be retrained otherwise retraining is only required whenever there is a change in job assignment a change in machines or processes where a new hazard is present or when there is a change procedures. Lock out tag out is such an important safety tool that many employers retrain every year. Make sure to follow the six steps of lock out tag out prepare apply lock out tag out devices release stored energy and verify. When re-energizing the equipment follow the three steps restore inform remove skipping any of these steps is not worth the risk. Can lightning be caught in a bottle? At work it can! Controlling the energy source is critical to every ones safety Music