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  • Lightning energy in its

  • raw display of power. Lightning strikes can be as

  • powerful as 1 million volts and reach temperatures of 50,000 degrees

  • it can't be controlled and you never know where it will strike

  • but thats not the case when it comes to the energy sources you

  • work with. These energy sources may be in various forms

  • but they can be controlled. Think about it like catching

  • lightning in a bottle. Raw power, raw energy.

  • Captured and controlled for the moment by a lock and key.

  • OSHA

  • created the lock out tag out standard to protect the

  • employees from the unexpected start up or release store energy from equipment.

  • That could harm a worker while performing service.

  • Employers must have a written step by step energy control plan

  • that follows the OSHA standard employees need to be familiar with

  • and understand the lock out tag out plan

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  • We usually think of

  • electricity when we hear the words lock out tag out

  • Electrical energy is present in power transmission lines, circuit breakers, motors

  • and store electrical energy, There are other types of energy used by

  • in the workplace besides electricity. Hydraulic energy is

  • fluid under pressure. Lift trucks are often run by hydraulic energy.

  • Numatic energy is air under pressure. Nail guns

  • use this type of engery. Pressurized liquids and gasses

  • including steam and chemicals are energy sources present in pipes

  • supply lines and storage tanks. Many machines use combined

  • energy types. For example, some hydraulic systems use electic

  • motors to run the pumps that create the hydraulic energy. The

  • lock out tag out standard applies to all of these types of energy as well

  • as any well as any other hazardous energy source that can cause bodily harm

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  • What do lock out and tag out mean? Both are procedures used

  • to prevent hazardous energy from injuring workers. For lock out

  • a lock is put on a disconnect switch, circuit breaker, valve

  • handle or other energy isolating device in the off position.

  • The lock commonly use for lock out is a standard lock with key.

  • However a combination lock is acceptable as well.

  • For tag out a written warning is placed in the lock out area

  • of the equipment or machine. Tags do not provide the physical

  • restrictions of a lock. The OSHA standard allows a tag in the

  • place of a lock only if the tag out provides the equal protection of a

  • lock out. Tags must be made so that if they are exposed

  • to liquids or acids they can still be read. Tags must have

  • warning on them that has the same wording and look in order to make them easier

  • to recognize. Tags must be attached securely so that

  • they can't accidentally fall off. All locks and tags

  • must be consistent by color, shape or size. OSHA

  • considers using a lock safer than just using a tag. And most companies

  • require both lock out and tag out. If only

  • tags are used, extra steps must be taken to prevent the energizing of

  • machinery. Such as removing a valve handle or blocking a controller.

  • Employees should be trained in the limitations of the tag out

  • system. It is very important to obey the warnings on tags

  • Especially since they will not keep you from turning power on.

  • Your employer will provide all lock out tag out materials

  • needed. These items must be long lasted and not easily

  • removed. Each lock and tag should have some way to identify

  • who it belongs to. Each person may be issued a lock

  • or series of locks. Never lend it to a coworker.

  • Devices used for lock out tag out should only be used for that purpose.

  • And should never be used for anything else.

  • Applying or removing locks and tags can only be done by authorized

  • employees. Never remove someone else lock or tag.

  • When working with outside contractors learn their method

  • of lock out tag out as well. Remember using a locjk

  • or tag is a big responsibly. Don't take it lightly.

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  • According to OSHA's lock out tag out standard whenever performing service

  • or maintenance on any machine where unexpected start up or the release

  • of stored energy could cause injury. Lock out tag out procedure

  • must be followed. Service and maintenance activities require

  • lock out tag out if the employee is required to remove

  • or by pass a guard or safety device or place any

  • part of his or her body into a machine process point of operation

  • or associated danger zone. Minor adjustments that take

  • place during or part of normal production are not part of

  • the standard. Some times equipment maybe de-energized

  • simply by unplugging it. Cords and plugs are exempt

  • from lock out tag out if energy is completely removed

  • by unplugging the source and the plug must be under the exclusive

  • control of the person working on the equipment. The use of

  • a plug lock prevents it from being put into a socket and is a good option.

  • Who are authorized and effected employees?

  • An authorized employee is the one who physically locks and tags out

  • a machine in order to perform service.

  • And effected employee is someone who does not actually perform certain

  • service. But may operate the machinery or work in the area

  • where the service will be performed.

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  • There are 6 steps to proper lock out

  • tag out. Prepare for shut down, shut down

  • isolate energy source apply lock out tag out device

  • release stored energy and verify.

  • When preparing to shut down equipment answer

  • these questions. How many energy sources does the machine have?

  • And how do I control these sources of energy to completely disable them?

  • Before working on any machinery or equipment

  • be familiar how it works and how it relieves and releases energy

  • a written procedure or check list that details the shut

  • down of the equipment should be available.

  • Turn off the equipment according to procedure. This may involve

  • turning the switch to off or a more complicated method. Ask

  • a supervisor if you are unsure.

  • Isolating the equipment means finding and

  • isolating any energy source that feeds it this includes switching

  • circuit breakers off tracing lines or pipes.

  • Throwing disconnects and capping any secondary sources of energy.

  • Locks and or

  • tags must be attached to all energy isolating equipment valves or switches.

  • To hold them in the off or safe postion. Any

  • thing that could restore the flow of energy must be locked out.

  • The use of both locks and tags is preferred tags

  • provide that locks by itself cannot.

  • Such as the type of work being done. The estimated work time. And the authorized

  • person who is performing the work. A tag also helps clear

  • and identify that the machine has been locked out. If only

  • the tag out procedure is used the tag should be place where the lock would go

  • If working on a piece of equipment that can't be locked out

  • place a tags as close to the energy isolating device as possible.

  • OSHA now requires any new machinery to come with a

  • energy isolating device that can be locked. OSHA also requires

  • that older equipment that is modified or renovated must outfitted

  • for lock out. So far we have talked about only one person

  • locking out a piece of equipment but in reality there may be times

  • when several people need to lock out a piece of equipment

  • your employer has a written procedure detailing how to do this. Generally

  • in mulitple lock outs OSHA allows one authorized person to lock out

  • each energy source the key to each lock would be place in the lock box

  • that all other authorized person who will be working on the equipment

  • lock the lock box shut with their personal locks no one

  • can get to the keys to unlock the equipment energy sources until all

  • personal have removed their box from the box. This method ensures

  • that each person is protected.

  • True or False once locks and tags are

  • place on energy sources the worker is safe. The answer is

  • sometimes true and some times false. What makes the difference?

  • Some equipment stores up energy and that is a hazard to ensure protection

  • relieve disconnect or restrain any hazardous energy that could be present.

  • Check that all moving parts have stopped

  • relieved trapped pressure like pipe blanches and block or support

  • elevated equipment. If it possible that energy might still build

  • up. Check it often while working.

  • Or until the hazard no longer exists.

  • Check the steps make sure every energy source

  • is shut down, blocked off, controlled and locked or tagged

  • out. Tell everyone in the lock out area that the equipment will be

  • tested to verify that all energy sources have been controlled.

  • Make sure that everyone is away from the area. Press all start buttons

  • pull all start levers and all other activating control

  • that might restore power to the machine. This includes checking

  • remote computer controls. After check all power sources

  • make sure to return them to the off position. This is very important

  • as it prevents the equipment from starting by itself when energy is restored.

  • After verifying that all energy sources are controlled

  • it is safe to begin work on the equipment. Now lets quickly

  • review the 6 steps for shutting down and securing energy sources.

  • Step 1 prepare for shut down. Step 2

  • Shut down. Step 3 Isolate Energy source

  • Step 4 apply lock out tag out devices

  • Step 5 release stored energy Step 6

  • Verify

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  • When the work is complete it is time to safely

  • remove lock out tag out tag out devices and re-energize the equipment.

  • The OSHA standard has 3 steps that cover this procedure

  • Step 1 is to restore the work area to operating conditions.

  • This means ensuring that all tools have been removed from the work area.

  • And double checking that all equipment components are in place and in working

  • order. Machines must be operationally in tact

  • it is also important to replace safety features such as machine guards

  • and close any access panels that we open.

  • Before removing any locks or tags all effected employees

  • must be told that lock out tag out devices are going to be removed and

  • employees must be informed after all lock out tag devices

  • have been removed. This can be done by gathering every body together or by

  • a checklist of effect employees.

  • Before removing any devices and before re-energizing equipment make sure

  • all employees are safely out of the operating area.

  • After notifying everyone that lock out tag out devices will

  • be removed begin taking locks and tags off

  • each device must be removed by the person who put it on if the person

  • who placed the device on the equipment is not present do not

  • remove it yourself. A written energy control procedure will list

  • certain steps to follow for this situation. When re energizing

  • the equipment follow the standard procedures from time to time check

  • the equipment and the work area to make sure it is still safe.

  • Finally if there is a machine that is off but has

  • no lock or tag on it do not assume that it is safe to turn on

  • double check before restoring power to any machine

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  • The OSHA

  • Lock out tag out standard requires the employer to inspect the energy

  • control program each year. It describes each machines energy source

  • and the company's procedure for shut down lock out tag out and

  • restarting equipment. During the inspection the inspector will ask each

  • authorized their responsibilities under this energy control

  • program. If the inspector has reason to believe that an employee does not

  • have satisfactory knowledge of procedure that employee will be retrained

  • otherwise retraining is only required whenever

  • there is a change in job assignment a change in machines or

  • processes where a new hazard is present or when there is a change procedures.

  • Lock out tag out is such an important safety tool that many

  • employers retrain every year.

  • Make sure to follow the six steps of lock out tag out prepare

  • apply lock out tag out devices release stored energy

  • and verify. When re-energizing the equipment

  • follow the three steps restore inform remove

  • skipping any of these steps is not worth

  • the risk. Can lightning be caught in a bottle?

  • At work it can! Controlling the energy source is critical to every

  • ones safety

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Lightning energy in its

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鎖定標籤輸出 (Lock Out Tag Out)

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    kuoyumei 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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