Open, conscientious, extrovert, agreeable, neurotic.

開放性、盡責性、外向性、親和性、神經質。

Each of us varies in how much of each trait is shown in our personality.

我們每個人都會因為個性當中顯現特質的多寡而有所差異。

In order to understand what each trait really means, let's look at these five characters and how they cope after they wreck their boat and are stranded on an island in the middle of the ocean.

為了了解每個特質所代表的意義，我們來看看這五個角色以及他們在遭遇船難、困在海中孤島後，會如何應付一切。

Open Odelia is excited and interested in exploring this beautiful island; the exotic nature inspires her.

開放的 Odelia 很興奮也有興趣探索這座美麗的島嶼，奇異的自然環境啟發了她。

She has collected stones, shells, and blossoms to decorate the entrance of the bamboo hut that she built for everyone.

她收集了小石子、貝殼以及花朵來裝飾她為大家蓋的竹屋入口。

She feels this is an opportunity to learn so many new things.

她覺得這是一個學習許多新事物的大好機會。

Claire is conscientious.

Claire 是盡心盡責的。

She is not excited; she is concerned about the seriousness of the situation.

她不感到興奮，而是對事態的嚴重性感到憂慮。

She is glad she saved the survival kit from their ship.

她很高興自己成功留住了船上的救生包。

As usual, she is prepared and starts the crucial tasks right away.

她一如往常地準備就緒，立即著手於緊要任務。

She feels that it is her duty to organize everyone and make sure that they will start looking for the things they need for survival: fresh water and food.

她認為自己的任務是組織所有人，並確保他們會開始找尋需要生存的東西：但水與食物。

Extrovert Emile is thrilled because they all survived.

外向的 Emile 因為他們都存活下來而高興不已。

He feels a strong need to talk and share his happiness.

他感到強烈急迫感，需要討論並分享自己的快樂。

He gathers everyone to celebrate their survival and to tell them about his plan to explore the island together.

他將大家聚集在一起慶祝他們的存活，並告訴大家他想要一起探索島嶼的計畫。

Agreeable Albert is kind by nature, and despite being tired and thirsty, his main concern is Nora.

親和的 Albert 天性友善，而儘管他自己又累又渴，他最擔心的還是 Nora。

He offers her a drink from his coconut.

他用自己椰子裝了點喝的給她。

The others know that he usually agrees to everything and are not shy to ask for his help.

其他人都知道他通常會同意所有事情，所以他們也不吝地向他求助。

Nora is neurotic and easily stressed; she has a total breakdown.

Nora 既神經質又容易緊張，她徹底地崩潰了。

She sits down on the beach and cries; how are they ever going to get away from this island?

她坐在沙灘上哭喊著，他們究竟要怎麼樣才能逃離這座島嶼？

To her, the ocean around them looks endless; nature looks dark and dangerous.

對她來說，週遭的海洋看起來無窮盡，而自然看起來則是既黑暗又危險。

She feels completely lost.

她感到徹底迷失了。

After eight weeks, two ships appear on the horizon; everyone gets excited.

在八週之後，兩艘船出現在海平面上，大家都感到非常興奮。

Emile has the idea to make a fire; he calls the others to help.

Emile 萌生了升火的想法，並呼叫大家來幫忙。

Claire immediately starts to work, Albert brings more wood, Odelia is holding up her beautifully arranged SOS sign, while Nora screams desperately for help.

Claire 立即開始工作、Albert 帶來更多木頭、Odelia 高舉她製作精美的 SOS 求救標誌，而 Nora 迫切地尖叫求救。

Little do they know who is sailing on these ships.

他們毫不知情的是，這些船隻上有著什麼人。

The first ship carries a group of psychologists who have been traveling the oceans since the 1980s.

第一艘船載著一群心理學家，他們自從 1980 年代就開始航海。

They are investigating the Big Five personality traits, which is also known as the Five Factor or OCEAN model.

他們正在調查五大人格特質，也被稱為大五人格模型或人格五因素（OCEAN）模型。

The captain, Lewis Goldberg, coined the term "Big Five".

船長 Lewis Goldberg 創造了 Big Five 這個名稱。

He is thrilled when he sees the five friends at the beach, each one matching exactly one trait:

當他看到這五個各自正好代表一個特質的朋友在海灘上時，感到興奮不已。

Open, conscientious, extrovert, agreeable, neurotic.

開放性、盡責性、外向性、親和性、神經質。

Though, he decides not to stop the boat⏤as a scientist, he prefers to watch from afar.

不過他決定不讓船靠岸，身為科學家的他偏好從遠方觀察。

On the other ship are five pirates, all possessing the exact opposite traits of our friends.

在另外一艘船上有五名海盜，各自具有跟這群朋友恰恰相反的特質。

Let's see if you can recognize them.

我們來看看大家是否能辨識他們。

Pirate one is emotionally stable and very relaxed.

海盜一的情緒穩定且非常放鬆。

When she sees the survivors on the beach, she says, "We could help them."

當她看到海灘上的倖存者時，她說：「我們可以幫助他們。」

Pirate two immediately gets angry with her.

海盜二馬上對她感到生氣。

He is not listening to anyone and is not willing to change his plans in order to help some strangers on an island.

他不聽任何人的話，也不願意為了幫助一座島上的陌生人而改變自己的計畫。

Pirate three thinks this is a complex situation.

海盜三認為這是個複雜的狀況。

He thinks that all possible outcomes need to be considered.

他認為所有的結果都必須要被考量到。

He feels the need to be alone and think.

他覺得自己有需要獨處並思考。

Pirate four doesn't care.

海盜四毫不在乎。

He's busy looking for the keys to his treasure chest, which is lost again.

他忙著找尋自己再次弄丟的寶箱鑰匙。

The captain is not open to any new experiences.

船長對於任何新體驗都不歡迎。

He ends all discussions when he says, "Our boat won't stop."

當他說出「我們的船不會停泊」時，終結了所有討論。

What do you think about the Big Five?

你對於五大人格特質有何想法？

Do you recognize your own personality in some of the traits?

你有在這些特質當中辨識出自己的個性嗎？

Or do you think this theory is flawed, as we cannot describe an entire personality in five parameters?

抑或你認為這個理論有瑕疵，因為我們不能夠只用五種特徵來形容完整的人格？

If you watch this in class and you are not sure which traits you have, pick a friend and describe each other.

如果你是在課堂上看這部影片，且不確定自己有哪些特質，找一個朋友來形容彼此。

Many of us are bad at describing ourselves, so an outside perspective is often helpful.

我們許多人都不擅於形容自己，所以外界的觀點通常是有幫助的。

If you like this video and the way we explain the subject, subscribe to our channel.

如果你喜歡這部影片以及我們講解主題的方式，請訂閱我們的頻道。

We try to explain complex subjects in simple language and cartoons to support students all around the world in their learning.

我們試著用簡單的語言和卡通解釋複雜的主題以支援全球學生的學習。

If you want to support us, you can go to www.patreon.com/sprouts and donate.

如果你想要支持我們，可以前往 www.patreon.com/sprouts 進行捐款。

Just 1 dollar from many fans makes a big difference.

諸多粉絲每人只要 1 美元就會有大幅改變。