Name: 頸椎病VS黑天鵝--痴迷藝術家的剖析。 (Whiplash vs. Black Swan - The Anatomy of the Obsessed Artist)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T10:50:21.000Z
Duration: 16 min 37 s

From the first shots of Whiplash and Black Swan, we see the protagonists immersed in

《進擊的鼓手》和《黑天鵝》的首個鏡頭中， 我們看到主角沉醉於各自的訓練。

Andrew Neiman practicing the drums, Nina Sayers dreaming of dancing the White Swan.

Andrew Neiman 在練習擊鼓； Nina Sayers 在練習白天鵝的舞蹈。

Both of these films bring us behind the scenes of a world most people never get to see.

兩部電影都帶出藝術家的幕後，人們看不見的辛酸。

Both were relatively low-budget, leaned heavily on their scripts, and led to Oscar wins for

兩部電影都以低成本製作而成，強烈依賴它們的劇本， 也以此帶出演員們精湛的演出，在奧斯卡中得到肯定。

But most importantly, both of these films tell the tale of an artist seeking greatness

但最重要的是，這兩部電影都在敘述身為一名藝術家， 若要追求偉大

who must first endure suffering and sacrifice.

但是，這兩部電影如何講述這個故事?

There are plenty of variations between them...

...jazz drummer and ballerina, gender expectations, style...

爵士鼓手與芭蕾舞伶、性別角色的期望、風格

which give each film a unique personality.

這些特質給讓這兩個電影有各自獨特的個性與魅力

But today, I want to focus on the structural similarities.

但今天，我想著重在這兩者之間，結構的相似性

To examine the elements used to tell the story of the obsessed performer.

去檢驗有哪些元素被用來敘述，著魔表演者的故事

And how their arrangement determines the fate of Nina and Andrew.

而這些安排，如何決定了Nina和Andrew的命運

Let's take a look at Whiplash and Black Swan.

讓我們來研究《進擊的鼓手》和《黑天鵝》這兩部電影

Act 1: Inciting Incident, Desire, and Dramatic Question

第一幕:引發事件，慾望，和戲劇核心問題

The moment at which the protagonist can no longer maintain the status quo and embarks

是主角們，不再安於現狀，並展開旅程的那個時刻

This turning point is called the inciting incident.

這個轉折點，我們稱為「引發事件」

An inciting incident creates a specific desire for the protagonist, and starts them on the

一個「引發事件」，讓主角產生對於特定事物的慾望

In Whiplash it happens very early, on the first page in fact...

在《進擊的鼓手》，「引發事件」發生的非常早， 其實就在劇本的第一頁

「所以，你知道我正在尋找樂手?」

Andrew gets the tiniest taste of attention from Fletcher, and decides he wants to be

Andrew從Fletcher那裡，得到了一點注意力， 並決定他想加入

in Studio Band—the best of the best at Shaffer.

在Shaffer音樂學校裡，最好的樂隊

In Black Swan the inciting incident comes on page eight, with an announcement that the

在《黑天鵝》，「引發事件」發生在劇本的第八頁

company will be performing Swan Lake this season—the very ballet Nina was just dreaming about.

劇團宣布它們下一季的表演是天鵝湖， 恰好是Nina先前夢中所見的芭蕾舞

"A new production needs a new Swan Queen."

「全新的製作，需要一名新的天鵝之后」

「一個我們能推給世界看到的新面孔」

Nina wants to be chosen as the new Swan Queen.

But as an audience, we only care about the characters' desire if there is something

但做為觀眾，除非這件事情有風險， 不然我們不會去在乎這名角色的慾望

但做為觀眾，除非這件事情有風險 ，而且我們了解角色的恐懼

不然我們不會去在乎這名角色的慾望

Both screenplays use the characters' home lives to help establish those fears.

這兩部電影的劇本，都用了主角們家庭生活的情況， 來建立這些恐懼

Nina's mother is a former ballerina who never achieved notable career success.

Nina的媽媽， 是一名從未創下輝煌功績的前職業芭蕾舞伶

She refuses to let Nina grow up, surrounding her with stuffed animals, toys, and music boxes.

她拒絕讓Nina成熟長大， 用填充玩偶、玩具和音樂盒圍繞在Nina身邊

Andrew's father is a moderately successful high school teacher and an unsuccessful writer.

而Andrew的爸爸是個普通的高中老師，失敗的作家

"Mild-mannered, soft-spoken, average in every respect."

「溫和、輕聲細語，在任何方面都很普通」

For Andrew and Nina, their parents represent the mediocrity they fear

對於Andrew和Nina而言，他們父母親代表著 他們所畏懼，進而鄙視的平庸

So now that we know what the protagonists are afraid of, we better understand their

所以現在，我們理解了主角們所畏懼的事情， 我們就能更加了解他們的慾望

But they can't just walk up and take their desires, something must stand in their way.

但他們不能輕易地獲得他們所想要的， 某些事物需要阻擋他們

這時，導師所需要扮演的角色就出現了

They both wield absolute power, holding the top positions within the worlds of their respective films.

導師在這兩部電影，都具有著至高的權力， 且在他們各自的領域中有著崇高的地位

And most importantly, they give the protagonists a challenge.

而最重要的，他們給予了主角們一個挑戰

"Not just the Prince, but the court, the audience, the entire world!"

「不只是王子，還有整個王宮，觀眾和全世界!」

導師們帶出了兩部電影中的戲劇核心問題

The mentors introduce the dramatic question of the films.

Andrew究竟有沒有辦法推進自己 ，去演奏得更快、更精準

Will Andrew be able to push himself to play faster and more precisely and fully commit

且全心投入在讓自己成為最偉大的樂手呢?

Nina有沒有辦法不再擔憂舞步的精準， 褪下他童幼的天真，蛻變成黑天鵝呢?

Will Nina be able to stop worrying about precision, shed her child-like innocence, and become

被欲望和恐懼所驅使，Nina和Andrew兩人更加努力練習

So driven by desire and fear, they each practice harder

且更重要的，採取不尋常、他們平常不會做的行動

and more importantly, take their first uncharacteristic action.

Andrew asks out the girl he's had a crush on...

而Nina去Brennan的辦公室， 想說服Brennan給她這個角色

...and Nina goes to Brennan's office to persuade him to give her the part.

這些行動，顯示了他們已經準備開始改變

These actions signal that they're ready to start their arc of change.

Brennan gives Nina the part of Swan Queen.

而當Fletcher開始試鏡樂手時， Andrew有所準備，且成功入選進樂隊

And when Fletcher auditions players, Andrew is prepared and recruited into Studio Band.

「不，不是你，是另一個鼓手」

他們兩人得到了他們首次的成功， 於是他們的慾望也跟著變大

They've each had their first victory, and their desires expand.

但他們還不知道的是，這還只是簡單的部分

But little do they know, this was the easy part.

劇本的第二幕，是主角們面對無數的困難和阻礙

The second act of a screenplay is where the protagonists encounter obstacle after obstacle,

而面對這些，逼迫主角們去做他們原本不會的改變

and in doing so are forced to change in a way they wouldn't otherwise.

Nina和Andrew兩人都被他們舊的自我所綑綁

Both Nina and Andrew are being held back by their old selves.

他們開始改變，但這個改變太劇烈了， 而我們也因此看到

They begin to change, but take it too far, and we see that the path greatness is one

這條通往偉大的道路，其實也是通往自我毀滅的道路

兩個電影都有一個很關鍵的驅動因素， 就是害怕會被取代

A key motivating factor that both films share is the Threat of Replacement.

在一個在電影未播出的場景裡， Fletcher給Andrew事前提醒

In a scene not in the final film, Fletcher gives Andrew a hint that he's going to be

且特別要Andrew準備好他的雙倍搖擺樂

Specifically mentioning to have his double-time swing ready.

於是，Andrew透過事前練習， 勝過了他的同儕Ryan，率先入選進樂隊

Thus, Andrew first ascends to Studio Band by jumping ahead of his peer, Ryan.

但因果循環，為了不讓Andrew安於現況， Fletcher後來也將Ryan入選進樂隊

But what goes around comes around, and to keep Andrew from becoming complacent, Fletcher

突然之間，Andrew才剛得到不久的位置，有了威脅

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頸椎病VS黑天鵝--痴迷藝術家的剖析。 (Whiplash vs. Black Swan - The Anatomy of the Obsessed Artist)

ultimate

critical

journey

encounter