Best Quiz Show and its worst quiz show.

It's our only question I was gonna ask.

I'm your host, Michael Rhonda.

Today on the program are two contestants will go head to head in a battle of brains On my left side, we have Hank Green, who managed to pry away from working on his second New York Times best seller.

Thanks for joining us.

Thank thanks for the pressure here.

Hoping to hand Hank another stunning defeat is traced.

Dominguez award winning video maker and creator and host of you know, dose of trace.

Welcome, Trace.

Thank you.

Thanks.

Thanks.

I was stunningly defeated last time.

Were you?

Yeah, it was a come from behind.

You might not be this time, so the show is not actually questions.

We just hit our heads together.

Oh, because it's a battle of literally our brain or skull when it falls over.

Okay, well, why do we need the table?

It's just to keep us apart a little bit because otherwise gets the whole body involved and surely just about the head I thought it might be for the shots.

Didn't get the leg.

Gore on the taping as a thank you to our supporters on Patriot.

We selected two of you, Random to win some prizes.

Hank, you're playing for Shawn Katz.

Hi, Sean Trace.

You're playing for Akash.

Akash, I'm going to do as good as I.

I'm gonna D'oh even promised to try very hard.

I'm doing Stephan.

Show our players what they could go home with today.

Well, hello there, John and Akash.

Are you ready to find out about the prizes today?

Already or not?

Here they come.

Are too colorful.

Contestants today will be competing to acquire you both.

Some lovely prizes.

The winner of the show will receive an eye.

Once I show quiz show Pin, This fetching peace will have you feeling your best and will definitely start a lot of conversations.

But the loser of the show won't have to lament they'll be receiving the I lost sideshow quiz show pin.

This baby's in near mint condition and was hand pressed with love.

Now, luckily, both of you will get autographed final answer cards from the final round of today's show, and your packages will be filled to the brim with magical fairy dust that's invisible and in material, which really cuts down on the shipping costs.

But that's enough gum flapping for me.

Let's get on with the show.

Thanks, Stephan.

I'll start both of you off with 1000 points.

Each time you choose a correct answer, you'll win some.

If you get it wrong, you'll loose.

Um, since both of you have been making science videos for years, you have a lot of random science knowledge to drop us.

But who can put that knowledge to best use?

Neither of us.

That's my guest.

Dragon points.

Let's find out.

Today's competition might get heated, but it will always be pleasant compared to the natural world.

Uh, so the questions in this first round are all about how nature can be, as Tennison put it, red in tooth and claw, even when you might think it wouldn't be likes.

Every death is painful.

Here's the first question.

Lots of species look for safety in numbers, but the more of your comrades there are around, the more you have to compete with.

And scientists have found that it's actually quite easy to get some fish to go from friendly, too ruthless by doing one simple thing.

They can get most of a seemingly cooperative school of fish to single out an individual and chase them away.

What do they do to get these fish to turn on one another?

Pretend to be a predator searching for food?

Offer an especially tasty treat.

Take away most of the fish is food or separate a large school into several smaller ones.

I'll go first.

I'm going to say that you have to just take away their food and they'll turn on each other is incorrect.

I'm gonna go offer an especially tasty treat.

Thea Answer is a pretend to be a predator searching for food.

Lonely fish are more likely to end up his meals.

That's kind of the entire point behind schooling.

But it turns out that schooling fish aren't as all for one and one for all.

As you might think, schools are an example of what researchers call selfish herds.

Basically, everyone is part of the school because they want to maximize their own survival, not because they're altruistic and want to protect their fellow fish.

Scientists have found that it's not all that hard to push that selfishness from a passive behavior like schooling into an active behavior in this case, that active behavior is dooming one of their fellows by tracing them out of the school.

This is true for all kinds of fish, but in one species called to spot a sty an axe there's an added wrinkle.

The fish have an alarm pheromone in their skin that leaks out when they get injured.

This warren's other fish that there's a potential danger nearby.

But it also tells predators that there's an easy meal around, and amazingly, the fish seem to take advantage of this.

When scientists pretend to be a predator searching for food, the fish will intentionally injure one of their schoolmates, basically sacrificing it so that everybody else can escape.

Talk about brutal.

What's especially interesting is that the fish don't do this when scientists mimic and ambush predator or a bird pecking from above.

Because in those cases the alarm smell doesn't help the predator pick up their meal.

So they only sacrifice their friends some of the time, which is nicer, I guess.

You know, they're like she's the weakest link or get Brad.

Yeah, go eat Bradley.

Brad, No, Bradley is my friend.

and it says here in this script, I guess that's why they say fish are cold blooded.

But Ching Yeah, well, you said it.

I did what the thing said.

Anyway, the next species we're gonna talk about it definitely isn't cold blooded.

Unless you're talking about it's killing style.

Humans.

Many mammal species that live in groups, set up territories where they can raise their young and forage in peace.

Well, peace with one another.

Anyway, In 16 year study, 47 females of this species were seen killing ground squirrels in their area.

But none of these animals were killed for food.

They were simply murdered, presumably so there would be less competition for resource is question is too, which usually harmless species to these fem fatales belong to Mare Cats.

Oh, sorry.

I forgot it was multiple choice squirrels.

I don't know.

Meerkats, lemmings, prairie dogs or naked mole rap.

Ah, meerkats overlap range with ground squirrels.

No idea.

I mean, it would be best if it was naked.

Mole rats That can't be right.

Female naked mole rat can't kill a ground squirrel.

But neither could a lemming.

Don't underestimate a kid thing.

Yeah, no, armor on.

Maybe it's just the babies that were the counting babies.

I'm gonna say prairie dogs, because that's feeling when that actually kill that thing.

Yeah, it's correct.

Green.

That's the first time I saw that.

That's great.

The answer is C.

Prairie dogs.

Prairie dogs might look cute and cuddly, but scientists have discovered that they're actually little murder machines.

And just like animals that kill for food or to claim territory, the animals benefit from being serial killers.

This discovery was made when scientists were studying white tailed prairie dogs in western Colorado.

A researcher happened to spot a female prairie dog tossing around the dead body of a smaller animal, and was shocked to find out that it was a ground squirrel.

The more the researchers looked, the more murders they spotted.

Nearly 1/3 of all females turned out to be ground squirrel killers, but they never there killed.

They just left the bodies behind, so it wasn't clear why they were doing this until they're researchers looked at the overall fitness of the killers and their offspring turned out being a killer paid off as both the individual and their offspring feared.

About three times better over time.

In fact, the number of ground squirrels a female killed was the only variable that predicted her lifetime success.

Things like her body size or aggressiveness towards other prairie dogs didn't seem to make a difference.

The researchers think the ground squirrels compete with the Prairie dogs for food, so killing the squirrels results in more resource is for the mama dogs to use raising their young.

Okay, that's the end of round one.

Let's see how our contestants are doing.

Looks like Thanks in the lead.

Yeah, I'm not doing great.

Yellow can be mellow, but the questions in this next round are about yellow things that gives species a survival boost.

Okay, take the yellow patches on Oriental Hornets, for example.

Thes predatory insects live in colonies, much like the bees.

They often hunt.

They don't always eat other insects, find you.

They sometimes scavenge and now even drink nectar.

But what's special about Oriental hornets is that they have these giant yellow patches on their abdomens, which scientists think do something really important.

Okay, what do they dio store pollen, capture solar energy, camouflage them or store honey?

Okay.

Traces Camouflage camouflage.

Incorrect I would have gone.

You should have let me go.

I wanted to make it.

It's gotta be store Paul and none of those other things make sense.

It's not sore.

The answer is B capture solar energy.

Like other ground dwelling social wasps, Oriental hornets dig their burrows during the day.

But while other wasps do their manual labor in the cool morning hours, these insects work during the hottest hours.

That perplexed scientists for a long time, especially because part of the digging process involves grabbing the dirt and flying it away from their nest for disposal.

And that would expose the animal to the full heat of the bright noonday sun that he could dry them out or essentially give them a fever.

After all, there has to be a reason the other wasps seem to avoid it.

But slowly, scientists realised that the wasps seem to be getting an energy burst from the sun.

All the clues came together when researchers took a close look at the hornets outer covering or cuticle.

They found that the proteins in the cuticle were structured to trap light and to get as much of it into the yellow pigment of the wasp spray butts as possible that suggest this could be a mechanism for solar power.

But there's more research needed because scientists haven't yet connected exactly how their solar panels translate late energy into an energetic boost.

They don't seem to have the machinery for photosynthesis like plans, so exactly how, or if they really translate light into fuel remains a mystery.

You might be familiar with mites as animal tests, but plants have their own mites to deal with.

Spider mites, for example, can be obnoxious garden pests.

Thankfully, fight a say it.

Mites also exist.

They're hunters that dine on things like spider mite.

It's except sometimes they eat pollen instead, and research September 2018 may have explained why.

Okay, what benefit to these predatory might skip from snacking on this yellow plant material?

It's tasty Paul in Odors, which act as old factory camouflage yellow pigmentation, which helped the mites blend in visually nice anti fungal compounds to fight against insect killing fund guy.

I don't see why not, or protection from UV rays so they can hunt better in bright light.

Might SPF so they can go to the beach?

Yeah.

Oh, I'm gonna go first, and I'm gonna say, if that is that 1st 1 I don't remember what it was, but it seems most of it was wrong.

Uh, hold on odors.

Which act?

Yeah, that seems right.

Team Nice.

I like that one.

I'm gonna go camouflage again.

It worked so well last time.

The answer is D.

Protection from UV rays were not the only species that can overdose on UV Fido.

Sayid mites also feel the mutagenic effects of solar radiation, so they have to be careful about their sun exposure.

That's why the tops of leaves tend to have fewer of these critters.

The problem is their prey.

Spider mites are less vulnerable to UV damage.

They produce some antioxidants on their own and tend to get them from their plant based diet.

So they usually get to hang out on the exposed leaf surface without worrying about these predatory mites.

That is, unless the fight Oh, say it might have been snacking on Paul in a 2018 study found that predatory mites that were fed Paul in were able to hold on to some of the pollen's UV B foiling antioxidants.

They were able to survive longer in bright UV light conditions and even had more UV resilient eggs, which would suggest they could pass their hardiness onto their offspring.

That was especially interesting to the researchers as it suggests a way to boost the overall health of mites reared in captivity.

Some scientists even think we could use these predatory mites to control other might species, which could be agricultural pests.

It's very important you just one is a deadly laser.

There is only one true carcinogen also being alive.

Yeah, true, Yeah, just over time.