California, collaborative learning is one

加州，合作學習是一個

of the most important ways our students learn and grow.

是我們學生學習和成長的最重要途徑。

>>Harrison: In math we work in groups every day,

>>哈里森。在數學上，我們每天都在小組中工作。

asking each other questions before we ask the teacher.

在問老師之前，我們先互相提問。

>>Maya: In English, we lead our own round table discussions

>>瑪雅：在英語方面，我們自己主持圓桌討論。

to deepen our understanding of the books we read.

以加深我們對所讀書籍的理解。

>>David Markus: College Prep is one of the top private high schools

>>大衛-馬庫斯：大學預科是頂尖的私立高中之一。

in the country and a terrific model for collaborative learning.

在國內，也是一種非常好的合作學習模式。

The good news, their practices are both replicable and affordable.

好消息是，他們的做法既可複製，又能負擔得起。

Take a look at what they do for their students.

看看他們為學生做了什麼。

It may change what you decide to do for yours.

它可能會改變你決定為你的。

>>Monique DeVane: College Prep School is a fifty-two-year-old school.

>>莫尼克-德文。大學預科學校是一所五十二年曆史的學校。

It was founded by two women who had a strong vision of a place

它是由兩位對這個地方有強烈願景的女性創立的。

where academics could really thrive.

在那裡，學術界可以真正蓬勃發展。

>>The collaborative teaching and learning

>>合作教學的。

that we do here is really distinctive.

我們在這裡做的事情真的很有特色。

Individual work can be a great way to master content,

個人工作可以是掌握內容的重要途徑。

but what the group work empowers and kind of

但是，小組工作賦予了什麼權力，並有種

enables is a student's cultivation of a certain resilience.

使是學生培養了一定的應變能力'。

How do you look to your neighbor as a resource,

你如何把鄰居看成資源。

how do you test your own theories, how do you understand if you're

你如何測試自己的理論，你如何理解，如果你'。

on the right track or the wrong track?

在正確的軌道上還是在錯誤的軌道上？

The sort of habits of mind

的那種思維習慣

that actually are the underpinnings of deeper scholarship.

其實是更深層次的學術研究的基礎。

>>Betsy Thomas: We have forty-five- minute classes

>>Betsy Thomas。我們有四十五分鐘的課程

and the math classes meet every day.

而數學課每天都要開會。

The kids come in and they go over the homework

孩子們進來後，他們就會檢查功課

in their groups by comparing answers.

在他們的小組中，通過比較答案。

>>Boy: I got the square root of B squared plus A squared.

>>男孩：我得到了B的平方根加A的平方。

>>Betsy: And then if they're having no resolution,

>>貝特西。然後，如果他們'有無決議。

like a problem was too hard for everybody, that's the signal that says

就像一個問題對每個人來說都太難了，這就是信號，說明

that we need to talk about a problem or two as a class.

我們需要在全班討論一兩個問題。

>>Aidan: The thing I like most about the group work is how easy it is

>>艾丹。我最喜歡小組工作的一點是它很容易... ...

to get help if you're stuck on a problem.

以獲得幫助，如果你'卡在一個問題。

I mean, you can just ask one of your group-mates to help you

我的意思是，你可以只要求一個你的組員來幫助你。

and everybody's really ready to lend a hand.

和大家'真的準備好伸出援手。

>>Boy: That's these two lines

＆gt;＆gt;男孩：就是這兩行字

and then we do the slope formula from zero to there.

然後我們從零到那裡做斜率公式。

>>Betsy: All right, here comes classwork, thirty.

>>貝特西。好了，來了課業，30。

The ones I care most about are one and two.

我最關心的是一和二。

>>Girl: And then it says, draw the segment from AB to CD,

>>女孩。然後它說，畫出AB到CD的段。

so we just connect those points.

所以我們只需要連接這些點。

>>Betsy: We designed the classwork problems to be harder

>>Betsy。我們設計的課業問題比較難

than the homework problems.

比作業題。

The homework problems tend to be more straightforward

作業題往往比較簡單。

and the classwork problems are much meatier.

而課業問題就更肉麻了。

And so in order for them to actually accomplish them,

所以為了讓他們真正完成這些任務。

they have to talk to each other.

他們必須互相交流。

>>Ethan: For harder problems, usually our group will work together

>>伊桑。對於較難的問題，通常我們的小組會一起工作。

and we can usually come to a solution, just by putting

而我們通常可以得出一個解決方案，只要將

like little pieces of it together.

就像一小塊一小塊地組合在一起。

>>I got negative B over C for one and two.

>>我的一、二都是負B過C。

>>I don't think it's negative B over C because it's--

>>我不認為它'是負B而不是C，因為它'是--。

>>Yeah, but there's this--

是的，但有'的這 --

>>Betsy: The best groups talk

>>Betsy。最好的團體說話

about the problems before they take pencil to paper.

在他們拿起筆來之前，先了解一下問題。

You really tell, their faces are directed towards each other.

你真的看出來了，他們的臉是對著對方的。

They are, you know, looking at each other's papers,

他們是，你知道，看著對方'的文件。

and they're learning so much more.

而他們也學到了更多的東西。

They're learning how to be proactive, they're learning how

他們正在學習如何積極主動，他們正在學習如何

to depend on their peers.

來依賴他們的同行。

>>Girl: Today you will work as a team of surveyors,

>>女孩：今天你將作為一個測量小組的成員工作。

putting to use your knowledge of basic compass

學以致用

and straight edge constructions.

和直邊構造。

Your only tools will be a length of rope and a piece of chalk.

你唯一的工具就是一根繩子和一支粉筆。

>>Ethan: I feel like when we work outside together,

>>伊桑。我覺得當我們一起在外面工作的時候。

it just kind of brings our group together a little bit more.

它只是一種使我們的小組一起多一點。

>>Aidan: You needed someone to hold the rope and someone

你需要有人拿著繩子和人

to move the chalk, and so it was just like the next step

來移動粉筆，所以它就像下一個步驟

in collaboration was working together to make one big end result.

在合作中是一起努力做出一個大的最終結果。

>>Julie Anderson: What I do in my classroom is I try to make the kids feel

>>朱莉-安德森。我在我的課堂上做的是 我試圖讓孩子們感到

as comfortable and as safe to be able to take the risks

舒適和安全，能夠承擔風險。

that will create a good conversation.

這將創造一個良好的對話。

On the first day of class with the ninth grade,

在與九年級上課的第一天。

I start by asking the students, "What are the values implicit in sitting

我首先問學生，"坐的時候蘊含的價值是什麼？

around this large, wooden, oval table?"

圍繞著這張大的、木製的、橢圓形的桌子嗎&quot。

And they come up with a list on their own.

而他們自己就會想出一個清單。

First and foremost is respect, and also listening

首先是尊重，也是傾聽

to each other, being courteous.

彼此之間，彬彬有禮。

Having the right geography of the classroom, it's really important.

擁有正確的課堂地理環境，這真的很重要'。

I always make sure before we start class, "Can you all see each other?

我總是在開課前確定，"你們都能看到對方嗎？

Can you make eye contact with your classmates?"

你能和同學們進行眼神交流嗎&quot。

And if you can't, I have them adjust their chairs so that they can.

如果你不能，我就讓他們調整椅子，讓他們可以。

I always tell the kids, "Check your ego at the door.

我總是告訴孩子們，"在門口檢查你的自我。

Be willing to take risks and just have fun and just throw out idea.

願意承擔風險，只要有樂趣，只要拋出想法。

And you throw something else out and it's not fully formed,

而你把別的東西扔出去，它'還沒有完全形成。

that's great because somebody else can jump in and build on an idea."

那'是偉大的，因為別人可以跳進並建立在一個想法.&quot。

Another sort of easy trick I have is to start with a kind

我有另一種簡單的技巧，就是先從一種

of a reflective moment, a moment of silence

反思的時刻，沉默的時刻

or just a little moment of writing.

或只是寫了一點時間。

>>Remembering you want to have your feet firmly planted on the floor.

>>記住你要把腳牢牢地踩在地上。

Then the next thing you want to do is focus on the breath.

那麼接下來你要做的就是專注於呼吸。

Aah. How was that.

Aah.那是怎麼一回事

>>You know, it only takes a couple minutes, but just having that moment

你知道，它只需要幾分鐘，但只是有那一刻

to let out the anxiety is great,

來發洩焦慮的心情是很好的。

because it really can improve their concentration for the class,

因為它真的可以提高他們上課的注意力。

so that they're able to have that kind of engaged conversation.

以便他們'能夠進行那種參與式的對話。

>>And if you guys need a little bit of extra--

如果你們需要一點額外的... ...

>>What's important is to have a set of guidelines for the students.

>>重要的是要給學生制定一套準則。

>>In this conversation, we're going to have--

在這次談話中，我們將有------。

I'm going to have you guys write down the questions,

我'要讓你們把問題寫下來。

and then talk to each other about the conversation, about the book,

然後互相談論著談話，談論著書。

and I'm going to sort of step back and take notes.

和我'要那種退一步，做筆記。

And I'll do a little bit of guiding,

而我'會做一點引導。

but you guys are going to talk to each other.

但你們要互相交流。

>>And there's three particular roles that students will fill.

>>而且有'三個特定的角色，學生將擔任。

One is the scribe role, where one student is taking notes

一種是抄寫員的角色，一個學生在做筆記

on the conversation, so that all the other students can be fully engaged

上的對話，使其他學生都能充分參與到對話中來

in the conversation that's happening.

在對話中，'的發生。

Another role is a little map

另一個角色是一個小地圖

where one student is monitoring who's speaking when

其中，一名學生正在監視誰'的發言，當

and they draw these sort of diagrams so that there's a visual map

和他們畫這些排序的圖 所以有一個可視化的地圖

of how the conversation is going.

的對話是如何進行的。

>>The other thing I just want to point out since I'm showing these

＆gt;＆gt;另一件事我只是想指出，因為我'顯示這些。

to you is, would you say this is a good conversation?

對你來說，你會說這是一個很好的談話？

>>Yes.

>>是的。

>>How about that?

>>怎麼樣？

>>No.

>>號。

>>Julie: And then the third role is the moderator role.

>>朱莉：然後第三個角色是主持人的角色。

>>Hannah: So I was the moderator and it was my job to make sure

＆gt;＆gt;漢娜：所以我是主持人，我的工作是確保

that we didn't stay on one topic for too long or move too quickly.

我們沒有在一個話題上停留太久，也沒有走得太快。

It was also my job to make sure that everybody talked.

我的工作也是確保大家說話。

>>Okay, I think we should hear from someone who hasn't talked yet.

>>好吧，我想我們應該聽聽一個還沒有'說話的人的意見。

>>Boy: Thea, Caroline, Noah, Max.

>>男孩：西婭，卡羅琳，諾亞，麥克斯。

>>Boy: Well, Athena's making him seem godlike, so I think he's just

>>男孩：好吧，雅典娜'讓他看起來像神一樣，所以我認為他'只是。

like taking a gamble at establishing--

就像賭一把建立 --

>>Hannah: When we're having a conversation, you really feel

>>漢娜。當我們'有一個談話，你真的覺得

like you're part of the conversation and not like, oh, you're sitting

就像你是對話的一部分，而不是像，哦，你是坐在

in the back of class and you can't actually see the person

在課堂的後面，你可以不實際看到的人。

who's talking.

誰'的說話。

And also, it's a great way for people to exchange ideas back and forth

而且，這也是人們來回交流思想的好方法'。

and sort of have everyone contribute.

並算是讓大家都有貢獻。

>>Girl: Who do you think is the modern equivalent to Odysseus?

>>女孩：你覺得誰相當於現代的奧德修斯？

>>Boy: Tebow.

>>男孩：特波。

>>Julie: In addition to setting

>>朱莉：除了設置

up the conversation the first time around,

了第一次的對話。

at the end of each Harkness discussion,

在每次哈克尼斯討論結束後。

to sort of take a few minutes to sort of check in with the students

花幾分鐘的時間來檢查與學生的排序。

and ask, "Well, how did we do?"

並問，"好吧，我們做的怎麼樣？

>>How did you do?

>>你做得怎麼樣？

How do you think that went?

你覺得怎麼樣？

>>Hannah: I liked that.

>>漢娜：我喜歡這樣。

>>Girl: I mean, I feel like I learned a lot more when we discuss things

>>女孩：我是說，我覺得我們討論事情的時候，我學到了更多的東西。

and we get deeper into it, so.

和我們深入瞭解，所以。

>>Julie: Great, Eli, how does it look?

>>朱莉：太好了，伊萊，看起來怎麼樣？

>>And I like to keep those maps so that we can kind

我喜歡保留這些地圖，這樣我們就可以種。

of chart the progress in terms of Harkness discussions.

的圖表進展，在哈克尼斯討論。

>>And those who talked not so much, right, maybe step in a little bit,

>>而那些說話不多的人，對吧，也許會插手一點。

and if other people can help them,

以及其他人是否能幫助他們。

because it really is a group effort, right?

因為它真的是一個群體的努力，對不對？

Some people just need a little bit more help

有些人只是需要多一點幫助

and a little bit of space to do it.

和一點空間來做。

So next time we do it, let's be mindful of that, but I think overall,

所以下一次我們做的時候，讓'我們要注意這一點，但是我覺得總體來說。

you guys did a really terrific job.

你們做了一個非常了不起的工作。

>>Teaching in this discussion-based way is really the most challenging

>>這種討論式的教學方式確實是最有挑戰性的

but also the most exciting form of teaching I know.

但也是我所知道的最刺激的教學形式。

It never gets old, and honestly,

永遠不會變老，說實話。

I feel like I still have a lot to learn about it.

我覺得自己還有很多東西需要學習。

>>Monique: I think the special sauce at College Prep is really

>>莫尼克。我認為在大學預科的特殊醬料是真正的

about the kind of community values that kids find when they come here.

關於孩子們在這裡找到的那種社區價值。

They think they're coming for a first rate academic preparation,

他們認為自己'是來做第一流的學術準備的。

and that certainly is the centerpiece of what we're doing,

而這無疑是我們'正在做的中心工作。

but what I think makes us special and distinct is actually this culture

但我覺得我們的特殊性和獨特性其實是這種文化。

of respecting the individual, of celebrating the small victories,

尊重個人，慶祝小小的勝利。

of kind of enthusiastically embracing all parts of the learning experience.

的一種熱情擁抱學習經驗的所有部分。