字幕列表 影片播放 列印所有字幕 列印翻譯字幕 列印英文字幕 Hi, I’m Gina. 你好!我是吉娜 Welcome to Oxford Online English! 歡迎來到牛津線上英語! In this lesson, you can learn how to make different types of complex sentence in English. 在本課程中,您可以學習如何製作 不同類型的英語複雜句子。 Making complex sentences will help your English writing. 製作複雜的句子將幫助您的英語 寫作。 By using a variety of complex sentence forms, your writing will become more versatile and 通過使用各種複雜的句子形式, 您的寫作將變得更加通用和優雅 elegant. 如果準備參加雅思考試,托福考試或FCE等英語寫作考試的話,在您的寫作中使用一系列複雜的句子也是十分重要的 Using a range of complex sentences in your writing is also important if you’re preparing 在開始之前,有兩件事。 for an English writing exam like IELTS, TOEFL, or FCE. 一:您訪問過我們的網站嗎? Before we start, two things. 如果沒有,為什麼不呢? One: have you visited our website yet? 我們有免費的視頻課程,聽力課程, 測驗,還有很多專業老師 If not, why not? 提供在線課程。 We have free video lessons, listening lessons, quizzes, and also many professional teachers 去看一下:Oxford Online English.com。 who offer online lessons. 二:我們想告訴您這一課, 它是給誰的,裡面是什麼,不是什麼。 Check it out: Oxford Online English dot com. 本課將重點放在語法結構上 形成複雜句子,而不使用連詞。 Two: we want to tell you about this lesson, who it’s for, what’s in it and what isn’t. 如果您想學習使用連詞 組成複雜的句子,您可以觀看我們的 This lesson will focus on grammar structures for forming complex sentences without using 有關為雅思考試寫作鏈接單詞的視頻。 conjunctions. 視頻說明中有一個鏈接。 If you want to learn about using conjunctions to form complex sentences, you can watch our 另外,使用這些結構要求 您至少具有中等程度的英語語法 video about linking words for IELTS writing. 本課假設您知道如何形成 不同的動詞形式並使用相關從句 There’s a link in the video description. 除其他事項外。 Also, using these structures requires that you have at least an intermediate knowledge 本課是技術性的,包含很多信息。 of English grammar. 您可能需要分節觀看它,並且 重複部分多次。 This lesson assumes that you know how to form different verb forms and use relative clauses, 最後,警告! among other things. 使用複雜的句子可以提高您的寫作能力, 但是*僅*基於您有復雜,連貫的想法 This lesson is technical and contains a lot of information. 如果您的想法是基本的或不一致的,請使用 您認為是“高級”語法 You might need to watch it in sections, and repeat sections several times. 結構將無濟於事。 Finally, a warning! 好的,讓我們開始吧。 Using complex sentences can enhance your writing, but *only* if you have complex, coherent ideas 這是本課的運作方式。 behind them. 首先,看看四個句子: 暫停視頻,閱讀句子,然後看 If your ideas are basic, or incoherent, using what you think are ‘advanced’ grammar 你不知道的任何單詞。 structures won’t help. 如果您想了解更多有關鬱金香狂熱的信息, 有一個指向維基文章的鏈接在視頻說明 Okay, let’s start. 準備? Here’s how this lesson will work. 這些句子在語法上都很簡單, 表示它們每個都有一個主要動詞。 First, look at four sentences: Pause the video, read the sentences, and look 現在,您將看到四種不同的語法 工具,可以用來組合併添加到句子 up any words you don’t know. 使它們變得更豐富,更複雜。 If you want to read more about tulip mania, there’s a link to a Wikipedia article in 您知道-ing分詞從句是什麼, 以及如何使用它們? the video description. 如果沒有,請不要擔心。在我們的第一句話看一個例子 Ready? 在這裡,您使用分詞子句進行連接 兩個想法。 These sentences are all grammatically simple, meaning that they each have one main verb. 您可以使用-ing分詞子句進行連接 同時發生的兩個想法,或者 Now, you’ll see four different grammatical tools you can use to combine and add to these 顯示因果關係。 sentences to make them richer and more complex. 在這種情況下,您可以使用“因為”來表達相同的想法,如下所示: Do you know what -ing participle clauses are, and how you can use them? -ing分詞子句沒有主題 If not, don’t worry; look at an example based on our first sentence: 在這樣的句子中有兩個子句, -ing子句*僅*可以在第二句中表示主題 Here, you use a participle clause to connect two ideas. 你不能有兩個主題。 You can use an -ing participle clause to connect two ideas which happen at the same time, or 寫作時,請確保您的句子 一個清晰的主題。 to show cause and effect. 不要寫這樣的東西。 In this case, you could express the same idea using ‘because’, like this: 在這裡,不清楚“它”指的是什麼 至。 The -ing participle clause does not have a subject. 來練習吧! In a sentence like this with two clauses, the -ing clause can *only* refer to the subject 這裡有兩個句子。 in the second clause. 您可以使用-ing分詞連接它們嗎 You can’t have two subjects. 暫停視頻,然後思考您的答案。 When writing, make sure your sentence has a clear subject. 需要提示嗎? Don’t write something like this. 您的答案應該與 您之前看到的示例挺相似 Here, it isn’t clear what ‘it’ refers to. 準備? Let’s practise! 這就是答案。 Here are two ideas. 還有一種使用-ing子句的方式: 您可以使用“having”的完成形式 Can you connect them using an -ing participle clause? 加上過去分詞,表明那件事 發生在另一個之前。 Pause the video and think about your answer. 例如: Want a hint? 因此,快速回顧:您可以使用-ing分詞 子句做三件事。 Your answer should be quite similar to the example you saw before. 你還記得他們嗎? Ready? 一:用它們來表明同時發生的兩個動作 Here’s the answer. 二:用它們來顯示因果關係。 There’s one more way to use -ing clauses: you can use a perfect -ing form, with ‘having’ 三:使用它們-加上“具有” 過去分詞—表明一件事情在一件事情前後發生 plus a past participle, to show that one thing happened before another. 請記住,您隨時可以查看部分 如果您需要更多時間進行處理。 For example: 讓我們繼續下一步。 So, quick review: you can use -ing participle clauses to do three things. 有兩種分詞從句: -ing子句和-ed子句。 Do you remember them? 看一個與以下兩個想法相關的例子 -ed分詞子句: One: use them to show that two actions happened at the same time. 這連接了兩個想法。 Two: use them to show cause and effect. 您可以在有兩個主題相同的子句時使用-ed分詞子句 Three: use them—with ‘having’ plus a past participle—to show that one thing happened 並且,這些子句之一有一個被動動詞。 after another. 像-ing子句,-ed分詞子句 分詞從句中沒有主題。 Remember that you can always review a section if you need more time to work on it. 讓我們看另一個例子。 Let’s move on to our next point. 這次,您可以嘗試弄出復雜 句子: There are two kinds of participle clauses: -ing clauses and -ed clauses. 您可以連接兩個句子與 -ed分詞從句? Look at an example of two ideas linked with an -ed participle clause: 如果需要時間,可以暫停視頻 This links two ideas. 準備? You can use -ed participle clauses when you have two clauses with the same subject, and 這就是答案。 one of the clauses has a passive verb. 因為-ed子句沒有主要動詞、動詞時態信息 Like -ing clauses, -ed participle clauses do not have a subject in the participle clause. "had been cultivated”-在-ed子句中消失 Let’s look at another example. 但是,沒有失去任何意義。 This time, you can try to make the complex sentence: 在這兩部分中,您已經了解瞭如何 使用-ing和-ed分詞從句來連接 Can you combine these two sentences with an -ed participle clause? 兩個完整的獨立句子。 Pause the video if you need time to make your answer. 但是,還有另一種使用它們的方法。 Ready? 看一個例子: 你能看到這有什麼不同嗎? Here’s the answer. 在這種情況下,您正使用的-ed分詞 子句不能代替獨立句子, Because the -ed clause doesn’t have a main verb, the verb tense information—‘had 但可以替換一個關係從句。 been cultivated’—disappears in the -ed clause. 關係從句是最強大的子句之一 用於復雜句子中添加和組合想法的方法。 However, no meaning is lost. 讓我們更詳細地看! In these two sections, you’ve seen how to use -ing and -ed participle clauses to link 關係從句可以做兩件事。 two full, independent clauses. 一:可以使用關係從句添加 名詞或名詞短語的信息。 However, there’s another way to use them. 二:您可以在'where'中使用關係從句 在句子或構想中添加信息。 Look at an example: Can you see how this is different? 讓我們看一下第一種情況的示例: 使用關係從句添加信息在一個名詞中。 In this case, you’re using the -ed participle clause not to replace an independent clause, 在這裡,您使用一個關係從句-'which occurred in Holland"—添加信息 but instead to replace a relative clause. 名詞短語“鬱金香狂熱”。 Relative clauses are one of the most powerful ways to add and combine ideas in complex sentences. 這樣使用的關係從句*只能* 描述他們之後的名詞。 Let’s look in more detail! 不要寫這樣的東西: Relative clauses can do two things. 如果您使用關係從句添加 向名詞提供信息,子句“必須”出現 One: you can use a relative clause to add information to a noun or noun phrase. 直接在名詞或名詞短語之後。 Two: you can use a relative clause with ‘which’ to add information to a sentence or idea. 您可以在 相同的句子例如: Let’s look at an example of the first case: using a relative clause to add information 在這裡,您添加了第二個關係從句, 'when',以添加有關名詞“ 1637”的更多信息 to a noun. 這樣使用多個 讓您以不同的方式來構想 Here, you use a relative clause—‘which occurred in Holland’—to add information 例如,您也可以這樣寫: 這可能會很有用,如果您想添加更多 to the noun phrase ‘tulip mania’. 之後有關“荷蘭”的信息 句子,像這樣: Relative clauses used like this can *only* describe the noun they come after. 練習吧! Don’t write something like this: 看兩個句子: 您能否使用關係從句將這兩個句子聯繫起來 If you’re using a relative clause to add information to a noun, the clause *must* come 有兩個可能的答案。 directly after the noun or noun phrase. 暫停視頻並做出答案。 You can use multiple relative clauses in the same sentence; for example: 準備? Here, you add a second relative clause, with ‘when’, to add more information about 這是兩種可能性。 the noun ‘1637’. 您得到正確的答案了嗎? Using multiple relative clauses like this allows you to structure your ideas in different 更好的是,您倆都得到了嗎? ways. 對於額外挑戰,您可以添加第三個想法嗎? For example, you could also write this: This might be useful if you want to add more 提示:“ 1637”出現了兩次, 並且您需要連接兩個實例。 information about ‘Holland’ later in the sentence, like this: 這是最好的方法: 讓我們在這裡再看一點。 Let’s practise! 您也可以使用關係從句添加 信息或整個想法的解釋。 Look at two ideas: Can you connect these two ideas using a relative 看一個例子: 在這裡,您使用關係從句 clause? 解釋第一個子句的整體思想。 There are two possible answers. 您不只是將信息添加到其中 名詞短語。 Pause the video and make your answer. 要以這種方式使用關係從句,您需要 做兩件事。 Ready? 一:您只能*僅*使用“which”作為 關係代詞。 Here are the two possibilities. 二:您的關係從句在關係從句前必須加說明 或與該想法相關的意見 Did you get the right answer? 通過這種方式,您無法添加事實信息或詳細信息 Even better, did you get both? 現在,讓我們看看另一種方式形成 複雜的句子。 For an extra challenge, can you add a third idea? 做一個好作家,你應該說清楚 哪些想法更重要。 Here’s a hint: ‘1637’ appears twice, and you need to link the two instances. 在英語中,接近開始的想法 這句話比其他句子更重要。 Here’s the best way to do it: Let’s look at one more point here. 因此,如果您想強調一個想法, 應該找到一種方法將其移到開始 You can also use a relative clause to add information or explanation to a whole idea. 的句子。 Look at an example: Here, you’re using the relative clause to 您可以通過使用“ it”來做到這一點,如下所示: 在這裡,您將重點放在1637年。 explain the whole idea of the first clause. 通常,您使用此結構來關注 事實細節,例如人,時間,地點 You’re not just adding information to one noun phrase. 等等。 To use relative clauses in this way, you need to do two things. 您也可以將其與其他結構結合起來 您已經在本課程中看到了。 One: you can *only* use ‘which’ as the relative pronoun. 例如,您可以添加一個關係從句 到這句話的結尾,像這樣 Two: your relative clause must add an explanation or an opinion related to the idea before the 看一個句子。 relative clause. 您想強調一下 “荷蘭”或“ 1593”的概念。 You can’t add factual information or details in this way. 你能寫兩個不同的句子嗎? 用“it”來強調這兩個想法? Now, let’s look at one more way to form complex sentences. 暫停視頻並立即嘗試。 To be a good writer, you should make it clear which ideas are more important. 你得到答案了嗎? In English, ideas which are close to the beginning of the sentence are more important than others. 看一看。 So, if you want to emphasise an idea, you should find a way to move it to the beginning 在第一句話中,您可能需要 通過分離主句中的'in 1593',使用 逗號來稍微改變結構 of the sentence. 現在,您已經看到了幾種形成複雜形式的方法 英文句子結構。 You can do this by using ‘it’, like this: Here, you’re focusing on the year, 1637. 如果您想更多練習,該怎麼辦? Often, you use this structure to focus on a factual detail, like a person, time, place 首先,您可以使用一本語法書或其他 資源練習在本課中看到的主題。 and so on. 尋找有關-ing分詞的章節和練習 -ing子句,-ed分詞子句, You can also combine this with other structures you’ve seen in this lesson. 關係從句和裂子句。 For example, you could add a relative clause to the end of this sentence, like this. 在一些書籍和材料中,“Cleft sentences”也稱為“‘focusing clauses” Look at a sentence. 其次,請記住 課程不是連接思想的唯一方法 You want to emphasise the idea of ‘Holland’ or the idea of ‘1593’. 變成複雜的句子。 Can you write two different sentences, starting with ‘it’, to emphasise these two ideas? 您還應該學習如何使用一系列 連詞和連接短語來構建句子。 Pause the video and do it now. 最後,練習寫作,並嘗試使用 您寫作中的一些想法。 Did you get your answers? 獲得良好的質量反饋,以確保 您的文章清晰,條理清晰, Take a look. 準確。 In the first sentence, you’ll probably need to change the structure a little by separating 如果您需要老師的幫助,那麼我們的 老師可以與您一起改善您的 ‘in 1593’ from the main clause using a comma. 英語寫作。 Now, you’ve seen several ways to form complex sentence structures in English. 您可以在上打折的試用課 在我們的網站-查找以下鏈接 What should you do if you want more practice? 視頻,或訪問牛津線上英語點 com,然後點擊“開始使用”! First, you can use a grammar book or other resources to practise the topics you’ve 就這樣。 seen in this lesson. 感謝收看! Look for chapters and exercises on -ing participle clauses, -ed participle clauses, relative 下次見! clauses, and cleft sentences. ‘Cleft sentences’ are also called ‘focusing clauses’ in some books and materials. Secondly, remember that the ideas in this lesson are not the only way to connect ideas into complex sentences. You should also learn how to use a range of conjunctions and linking phrases to build sentences. Finally, practise writing, and try to use some of these ideas in your writing. Get good quality feedback to make sure that your writing is clear, well-organised and accurate. If you need help from a teacher, then our teachers can work with you to improve your English writing. You can take a discounted trial lesson on our website—look for the link under the video, or visit Oxford Online English dot com and click ‘get started’! That’s all. Thanks for watching! See you next time!
B1 中級 中文 美國腔 句子 子句 使用 關係 信息 名詞 英語寫作中的複雜句子--學習如何製作複雜句子。 (Complex Sentences in English Writing - Learn How to Make Complex Sentences) 155 10 Courage 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字