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  • hey it's me Destin welcome back to smarter every day I was asked by Bill

  • and Melinda Gates yes really if I wanted to collaborate with them and make a

  • video about global health issues now here's the deal when you think about

  • let's make a video about global health issues you think about statistics and

  • numbers and like money or you think about your sister who served in the

  • Peace Corps in sub-saharan Africa where over 90% of all malaria cases happened

  • where she got malaria so today on smarter every day I want to just rewind

  • the clock and go take you on the trip that I went on to go visit her in

  • sub-saharan Africa and then we'll just ask her what was like to get malaria

  • sounds like fun video let's do it all right story time several years ago my

  • friend Steve oh and my sister Regan were both stationed with the Peace Corps in

  • West Africa I decided to go visit them and check up and see what their efforts

  • were like I flew to Dakar Senegal where steve-o met me and we traveled to the

  • Gambia via set glass which is a word that means a car with seven feet since

  • we were all crammed in there and it was really cool going across the desert like

  • that but we traveled all the way to a city called Farah finian Magan BIA where

  • Stevo was stationed as a Peace Corps volunteer and computer scientist he was

  • working at a local organization to try to help them figure out computerized

  • records keeping and eating simple stuff by having it printers to work I of

  • course wanted to contribute by teaching math and science so I managed to get

  • some model rockets into the country Sestito and I could have a local I don't

  • know rocket workshop you could call it with the kids they were super excited

  • and everything worked out perfect anyway wasp a mosquito at his hood every night

  • I slept in a hammock under a mosquito net this was there to prevent me from

  • getting malaria just on the other side of the read fence for me was steve-o

  • Costra and Moses he's a hilarious guy and we loved to drink tea with each

  • other and play Scrabble we had a lot of fun together but one day steve-o agreed

  • to take me to see what modu did for a day job he worked at a local health

  • clinic where I got to see the front lines of what the battle against malaria

  • looks like these guys had Mike scopes that were just like mine at my

  • house but they were set up in this really small room where sanitation was a

  • challenge because they have limited supplies but anyway they were doing the

  • best they could with what they had they were standing to blood and then looking

  • at it under the microscope to try to see what blood cells had malaria in it I

  • didn't have a very good camera at the time so I came home bought these human

  • pathogen slides and then we are sitting here using the same type microscope

  • looking at malaria and what does it look like malaria yes it looks like at him

  • like so when you look at a blood smear you see a ton of red blood cells

  • well malaria looks like an enlarged red blood cell with a darkened stain so when

  • the malaria gets inside of the red blood cell you believe your is recite it can

  • sometimes look like a white blood cell because it's an enlarged doughnut that

  • has thoughts and it's dark in the spot so the tent works it gets bigger and

  • then eventually blows the red blood cell up from the inside out how is that okay

  • I'll be honest I had to research how malaria works is like this malaria is

  • caused by a parasite that lives inside the mosquitoes who previously taken a

  • blood meal from another human we know that part right this is the part I

  • didn't know when the mosquito bites the next person they released this parasite

  • called the spores sites into the humans bloodstream which then makes its way to

  • the person's liver cells the incubation period in the liver cells anywhere

  • between seven and thirty days and at that time it starts to consume those

  • cells and transform into the next phase called the Marisa whites where it will

  • multiply until the liver cells explode once they explode it makes its way to

  • the other red blood cells and then starts to repeat the process by

  • multiplying until those red blood cells explode and then pretty much the whole

  • immune system is out of whack you've got fever chills headaches nausea

  • vomiting body aches it's bad severe cases of malaria can cause a coma

  • seizures kidney failures or even death it's a really big deal

  • so obviously modos efforts in this clinic we're super important if you can

  • diagnose malaria quickly you can treat it after finishing our visit and fair

  • finding we traveled via set PLAs back and jeweled the capital of the Gambia

  • where we caught a flight down to Freetown Sierra Leone which is the

  • capital city my sister Regan Medus there and then we

  • travelled overland via taxi to her village which was called mono my sister

  • taught at a secondary school so Stevo and I jumped in and helped where we

  • could teaching math to the students playtime at the village was really fun I

  • got to play with the kids and show them all these different types of flying toys

  • that I've brought with me but one day the locals decided to come take me and

  • steve-o to a local swimming hole there were ladies that were mining for gold

  • there we learned how to fish with net but I noticed something in the water

  • it's pretty neat it's a bunch of rocks all around and on that far side there's

  • some Rapids but when the water goes down during the dry season you have these

  • individual puddles that form this one appears to have some larvae in it and

  • some kind of animal in each each one have no idea what is there like worms in

  • the back of my mind I thought these might be mosquito eggs but I didn't

  • really know I came home and researched and found this video from the 1940s

  • which shows that mosquitoes lay eggs in these little bitty rafts the eggs then

  • hatch and later become larvae which then turn into pupae after a couple of days

  • when it's fully developed it takes in air and then swells and splits the

  • pupils skin and ejects itself it's really kind of freaky actually the males

  • are typically vegetarians while the females seek out blood and drink it

  • whenever they can get it anyway apparently a female mosquito got ahold

  • of my sister because at some point during her time in Africa she got

  • malaria my sister likes to travel we're taking her to the airport right now

  • she's going to Colombia but when you were in Sierra Leone you got malaria

  • right what was it like in Highbury basically had a fever they

  • don't remember having a fever ever for that moment but to wedding I had to take

  • a blood drop dead enemies malaria and ahem positive and Angelica camel City

  • and I'm basically every day okay if you watch the news you're going to hear that

  • everything's getting worse right it's not the world is getting better and

  • there's reasons to be optimistic malaria research is one of those things over the

  • last fifteen years the amount of money poured into malaria research has gone up

  • tenfold resulting in a 60 percent decrease in mortality due to malaria my

  • sister being one of those hundreds of thousands of people that didn't die that

  • would have died 15 years ago that's a really big deal of course the goal is

  • zero deaths due to malaria but hey we're on the right track

  • we need to be optimistic not just for malaria but in general a hundred and

  • twenty-two million children have been saved by these efforts since the 90s if

  • you look at the data collected by the Institute of Health metrics and

  • evaluation childhood mortality rate across the board has decreased from 12.1

  • million deaths in 1990 all the way down to 5.8 in 2015 that's huge I told you

  • that this video was a collaboration with Bill and Melinda Gates and what they've

  • asked me to do the only ask is that they wanted you to check out their annual

  • letter so what I'm going to do is leave a link down in the video description the

  • top link and what I do is every year they write goals things they're thinking

  • about doing and then they strategize on how to execute on these goals and the

  • result is less people that die it's a really good thing and I'm more than

  • happy to collaborate with an effort like that anyway if this video added any

  • value to your life at all please consider subscribing and hitting the

  • bell to be notified next time smartereveryday uploads if not that's no

  • big deal please check out the gates annual letter it's really interesting I

  • mean these people have a strategy and they're going to execute on the strategy

  • and the result of that is thousands of people not dying

  • that's cool it's worth reading the letter anyway I hope you enjoyed this

  • I'm Destin you're getting smarter every day have a good one

  • have fun in Colombia don't get Zika or malaria

  • much

hey it's me Destin welcome back to smarter every day I was asked by Bill

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我的妹妹得了瘧疾....(而我沒有)--每天更聰明 167 (My Sister Got Malaria ....(And I Didn't) - Smarter Every Day 167)

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    林宜悉 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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