[applause]

[掌聲]

Genevieve Bell: What a pleasure to be here and what fun to get to talk about boredom

吉納維芙-貝爾多麼高興來到這裡，多麼有趣的談論無聊的事情

in a place where one hopes there won't be a great deal. I was thinking about what it

在一個希望不會有很大的交易的地方。我在想

was I wanted to talk about today and struck by what it is that I think TED brings to bear

是我今天想說的，我覺得TED帶給我的震撼是什麼？

and why it is that it's such an exciting thing to participate in. But I was also really struck

以及為什麼它'是這樣一個令人興奮的事情參與。但我也真的被打動了

by the fact that one of the things that we never do in events like this is actually have

事實上，我們從來沒有做過的事情之一 在這樣的事件中，實際上是有

any downtime.

任何停機時間。

So what I wanted to do today instead was actually make you an offer about what I hope you do

所以我今天想做的事情，其實是給你提一個建議，我希望你能做的事情

when you leave here today, which is to have a brief moment of being bored. I'm really

當你今天離開這裡，也就是有短暫的無聊。我真的

struck by the work I do about the fact that there is so much technology in our lives,

被我所做的工作所打動，因為我們的生活中有這麼多的技術。

a promise of constant connectivity, a promise of devices and experiences, and with all of

不斷連接的承諾，對設備和體驗的承諾，以及與所有的。

that comes the fact that none of us ever switch off, log off or spend down time anymore.

帶來的事實是，我們從來沒有關閉，登錄或花費下來的時間了。

I've been thinking about what the perils of that are, and why it is we might need to be

我'一直在思考，這其中的危險是什麼，為什麼我們可能需要是

bored, and what it might bring to bring a little bit of boredom back into our lives.

無聊，它可能會給我們的生活帶來一點無聊的感覺。

It did strike me that I should probably say who it was that I was to tell you that boredom

我的確覺得我應該說我是誰，告訴你，無聊的時候

was important. I am indeed Australian, trained in the United States. I'm also the daughter

是很重要的。我確實是澳大利亞人，在美國受訓。我'm也是女兒

of an anthropologist, so I spent most of my childhood knocking around Central and Northern

所以我童年的大部分時間都在中北地區打轉。

Australia killing things for my supper.

澳洲殺東西給我吃。

In the context of boredom, you should think that this either means I've led a charmed

在無聊的情況下，你應該認為，這要麼意味著我'已經過了一個迷人的。

existence where I was never bored, or perhaps more likely, I've been bored in a great many

在那裡，我從來沒有無聊的存在，或者更有可能的是，我已經厭倦了在許多

places in this world.

在這個世界上的地方。

In my job at Intel, I think of my task as bringing people into a conversation about

在英特爾的工作中，我認為我的任務是將人們帶入關於以下方面的對話中

technology, whether that means I spend my time in people's houses all over the world

技術，是否意味著我花我的時間在世界各地的人'的房子

talking to them, getting a sense about what makes them tick, what they care about, what's

與他們交談，瞭解什麼讓他們打勾，他們關心的是什麼，是什麼？

important to them and then feeding that information back into the company. That means I spend

對他們很重要，然後把這些信息反饋給公司。這意味著我花了

a lot of time talking to engineers and trying to get them to understand what life is like

花了很多時間與工程師交談，試圖讓他們瞭解生活是什麼樣子的。

outside the building.

樓外。

And about two years ago, the engineers with whom I work said, "OK, Genevieve, we get it,

而大約兩年前，和我一起工作的工程師們說，"好吧，Genevieve，我們明白了。

this whole real people thing. We're really on board." And here they are. [laughter]

這整個真實的人的事情。我們真的在船上。 在這裡，他們是。[笑聲]

And I looked at this image and I thought, "Who are the people that you think you've

我看著這幅圖，我想，"誰是你認為你的人'已經。

found?" If you're in the real world, which many of us are, I'm willing to bet you don't

發現嗎?"如果你'在現實世界中，我們中的許多人都是，我'願意打賭你不'。

have small children and white furniture, just practically speaking. It's unclear looking

有小孩子和白色的傢俱，只是從實際出發。它的不清楚看

at this image what it is that George Bush Sr. is doing making print ads. Global financial

在這張圖上，老布什在做什麼，做平面廣告。全球金融

crisis much worse in America then they're letting on.

在美國的危機更嚴重，然後他們&#39；讓上。

There's something about the profound like of clutter in this room that suggests this

在這個房間裡，有一些關於雜物的深刻的喜歡，暗示著這個

is deeply unreal. There is, for me, as a social scientist, some nagging worry about where

是極不真實的。對我來說，作為一個社會科學家，我有些耿耿於懷，擔心的是在哪裡

on the planet you find three generations of white people enjoying the same content happily.

在這個星球上，你會發現三代白人都在快樂地享受著同樣的內容。

[laughter]

[笑聲]

Normally when I'm speaking to American audience I suggest that means they're found Canadians.

通常情況下，當我'對美國聽眾說話時，我建議這意味著他們'發現加拿大人。

Perhaps in this context, we'd say Kiwis. Oh, I know. Not nice. Bad.

也許在這種情況下，我們'會說Kiwis。哦，我知道。不是很好。不好。

And then as one of the engineers did actually point out to me as I started critiquing this

然後，正如一位工程師所指出的那樣，當我開始評論這個項目時

image for him, in what universe does she get the remote control? And I remember looking

形象的他，在什麼宇宙中，她會得到遙控器？我還記得我在看

at this image and thinking you have not only found the wrong people, but this is such a

看了這張圖，覺得自己不僅找錯了人，而且是這樣的人。

seductive image if you're an engineer or a technology developer because it suggests there

誘人的形象，如果你'工程師或技術開發人員，因為它表明有

are people sitting around happily waiting for you to bring stuff to you.

是人們坐在周圍快樂地等待你把東西帶給你。

And so we came back and said, "Listen, mate, this is really what the world looks like."

所以我們回來說，"聽著，夥計，這真的是世界的樣子&quot。

[laughter] It is some schlub on a fake leather sofa in an apartment in Hong Kong where there

[笑]這是一些schlub在假皮沙發上在香港的一個公寓，那裡有。

is so much stuff in this room, it is amazing to think how you could produce anything else

是這麼多的東西在這個房間裡，它是驚人的，認為你怎麼能生產別的東西。

that would break through the noise. There are seven remote controls here. There is an

會打破噪音。這裡有七個遙控器。有一個

automatic foot massage machine, an air conditioner, a fax and photocopying machine, one television,

自動腳底按摩機、空調、傳真機和複印機、電視機一臺。

two VCRs, a DVD player and enough content this bloke is never going to need to leave

兩臺錄像機，一臺DVD播放機和足夠的內容 這傢伙永遠不會需要離開。

his room again.

他的房間再次。

But this is also a room in which one could be bored. And for me, it turns out boredom

但這也是一個可以讓人感到無聊的房間。而對我來說，原來無聊

is a really important thing, because when you spend time with real people, they're not

是一個真正重要的事情，因為當你花時間 與真正的人，他們不'。

always constantly happily sitting on sofas all enjoying the same content blissfully in

總是樂此不疲地坐在沙發上，幸福地享受著同樣的內容。

their white clean pristine rooms. They're actually living lives where there's a whole

他們的白色清潔純淨的房間。他們實際上是生活在那裡有一個整體的生活。

lot of other things going on.

很多其他的事情。

So part of my job then is not only to tell the stories about real people, but to actually

所以我的部分工作不僅是講述真實的人的故事，而且是真正的

think about what our relationships are with, through, and around new technologies. And

思考我們與新技術、通過新技術以及圍繞新技術的關係是什麼。而且

one of the things I'm really struck by, and I was particularly struck by watching David

的事情之一，我'真的很震撼，我是特別震撼的看大衛的

earlier as he held his mobile phone in his hand, is that mobile phones aren't really

早前他手裡拿著手機的時候，是手機並不是真的'。

about communication anymore. It's not a device for making phone calls.

關於通信了。它'不是一個打電話的設備。

The soul, in some ways, purpose of every mobile device all of you have somewhere in your hands

靈魂，在某種程度上，目的的每一個移動設備所有的人都在你手中的某個地方。

or your pockets is the promise that you'll never be bored again. You'll never have to

或你的口袋是承諾，你'永遠不會再無聊。你永遠不會有

be anywhere without something to do, without a game, a map, an ability to text someone

在任何地方，沒有事情做，沒有遊戲，地圖，一個人發短信的能力。

and say, "Where are you and what are you doing?"

並說，"你在哪裡，你在做什麼&quot。

And that is an extraordinary promise because it erases some really interesting things,

而這是一個非同尋常的承諾，因為它抹去了一些非常有趣的東西。

and it got me thinking about boredom and the nature of boredom. And it turns out boredom's

並讓我思考了無聊和無聊的本質。而事實證明，無聊'的

actually really interesting. How ironic is that?

其實真的很有意思。多麼諷刺的是？

Really interesting, but also comparatively new. Boredom as a word doesn't actually enter

真的很有意思，但也比較新鮮。無聊作為一個詞其實並沒有進入到

the English language until 1852 in a kind of irony of all ironies, boredom enters the

直到1852年，在一種諷刺中的諷刺，無聊進入了英語。

English language in Dickens in the book "Bleak House." Does it get anymore ironic than that?

狄更斯在《"荒涼山莊》一書中的英語."還有比這更諷刺的嗎？

Where the protagonist, as many of you will remember, a woman who is at the kind of beginning

其中的主角，你們很多人都會記得，一個女人在那種開始的時候

edge of the industrial age. She doesn't have to work. She is of the leisure class, and

工業時代的邊緣。她不'工作。她是休閒階層，而且

she spends this entire book basically complaining about the fact that she's bored.

她花了這整本書基本上抱怨她'無聊的事實。

She has too many choices, too many things to do. It's all a little bit overwhelming

她有太多的選擇，太多的事情要做。她有太多的選擇，太多的事情要做，這一切都有點讓人難以承受

and there's this really interesting sense of the linking of the notion of boredom to

並有這個非常有趣的意義的鏈接 無聊的概念，以

the notion of choice and the fact that the word boredom doesn't come into the English

選擇的概念和事實，這個詞的無聊不來進入英語

language until the Industrial Revolution tells you something about what it is that boredom

在工業革命之前，語言告訴你一些關於無聊的事情。

is linked to.

是連接到：

Because frankly, before the Industrial Revolution, you didn't have the opportunity to be bored.

因為坦率地說，在工業革命之前，你沒有機會感到無聊。

You were merely idle. And idle and boredom are two very different things.

你只是閒著沒事幹。而閒置和無聊是兩件非常不同的事情。

As boredom arrives in English, it very quickly gets links to things like a morality that

當無聊的英語到達時，它很快就會得到一些鏈接，比如說一種道德的

says being bored is bad and not something you should admit to. We promptly then go a

說無聊是不好的，不應該承認。我們立即然後去一個

whole set of theorizing of boredom and starting to think about how you define it.

整套理論化的無聊，開始思考如何定義它。

Here's just a list of some of the words that get used to think about boredom. It's a lot.

這裡'只是列舉了一些被用來思考無聊的詞彙。它'是很多。

What's interesting if you go through all of the different sorts of academic literature--philosophy,

什麼'有趣的是，如果你通過所有不同類型的學術文獻--哲學。

sociology, psychology--all of them turn on a couple of things here. One is that boredom

一個是，無聊

is clearly a state of tedium, a repetitious set of activities, a moment of being disengaged

顯然是一種乏味的狀態，是一套重複的活動，是一時的脫離

by one's surroundings.

由一個'的周圍環境。

What's fascinating, however, is that moment of disengagement actually your brain lights

然而，令人著迷的是，脫離的那一刻，其實你的腦燈

up. We may think of being bored as being a time of your brain being completely inactive.

了。我們可能會認為無聊是你的大腦完全不活躍的時候。

It turns out one's brain is almost as active when bored as when not bored. And it turns

事實證明，一個人'的大腦在無聊時幾乎和不無聊時一樣活躍。而事實證明

out the pieces of one's brain that light up when you're bored are very different than

出一個'的大腦的碎片，亮了，當你'的無聊是非常不同的比

the ones that light up when you're engaged.

那些點亮當你'從事。

It turns out from both a psychological and a physical perspective being bored is actually

原來從心理和生理的角度來看，無聊其實是一種

a moment where your brain gets to reset itself and where, to take David's point, your consciousness

瞬間，你的大腦得到了重新設置，並在那裡，採取大衛'點，你的意識

gets to reset itself, too.

也會重置自己。

Interesting, right? Very different notion about what bored might be then. So if we were

有意思吧？那麼對於什麼是無聊的概念就大不相同了。所以，如果我們是

to go looking for boredom, where might we find it?

去尋找無聊，我們可能會在哪裡找到它？

Unfortunately for me, talking about boredom meant I had to go read Heidegger. It's a bit

不幸的是，對我來說，談論無聊意味著我不得不去讀海德格爾。這是一個有點

like having to read Dickens. Heidegger is a man who deeply obsessed with boredom in

如同不得不讀狄更斯。海德格爾是一個深深迷戀無聊的人，他在

the 1920s, theorizes it, has this lovely passage here about sitting in a railway station basically

20世紀20年代，理論上，有這樣一個可愛的段落在這裡關於坐在火車站基本上是。

bored out of his skull.

悶得頭皮發麻。

I won't read this for you, but suffice it to say in reading it, this should suddenly

我不會給你讀這個，但我只想說，在讀的過程中，這應該突然

feel really familiar. Without wanting to get overly nostalgic, this is the boredom of all

覺得真的很熟悉。不想過於懷舊，這就是所有的無聊。

of our childhoods. This is the boredom of being kicked out of the back door by your

我們的童年。這就是被你從後門趕出去的無聊。

mother every summer and told to come home when it gets dark.

每到夏天，母親就叫我天黑了就回家。

And when the exchange would go, "Mom, I'm bored," and your mother will say, "You could

交流的時候會說，"媽媽，我&39;很無聊，"你媽媽會說，"你可以。

go mow the lawn then." And the response is, "I'm not that bored," and off we went and

去修剪草坪，然後." 和迴應是，"我'沒有那麼無聊，"和關閉我們去和

found things to do.

發現事情做。

And many of us spent out childhoods knocking around backyards and creek beds and ovals

我們很多人的童年都是在後院、小河床和橢圓形的地方度過的。

and generally not necessarily being delinquents or setting fire to rabbit hatches, but certainly

一般來說，不一定是不良分子，也不一定是放火燒兔子窩，但一定是。

engaging in a set of fairly unstructured activities.

從事一系列相當無序的活動；

Mostly we don't do boredom the same way as adults, and I think frankly we probably don't

大多數情況下，我們不'做無聊的方式與成人一樣，我認為坦率地說，我們可能不'。

let many of our children have boredom the way we once had it.

讓我們的許多孩子有了我們曾經的無聊。

Interestingly for philosophers, and particularly for Heidegger, he argues that being bored

對哲學家來說，特別是對海德格爾來說，有趣的是，他認為，無聊的人

is actually a fundamental state of being a human being, and that in fact we should spend

其實是做人的一個基本狀態，其實我們應該花。

less of our time forestalling boredom and trying to take it away and more of our time

減少我們的時間，防止無聊，並試圖把它帶走，更多的時間，我們的時間

actively waking it up.

主動喚醒它。

So thinking about how it is we might embrace boredom then is a really interesting challenge,

所以，思考我們如何才能擁抱無聊呢，是一個非常有趣的挑戰。

because we have some problems here, right? Heidegger could be bored on a train platform

因為我們這裡有一些問題，對吧？海德格爾可能會在火車站臺上感到無聊。

in 1929. It's pretty hard to be bored on a train platform in 2011. It's hard to be bored

在1929年。2011年，在火車平臺上很難無聊。這是很難無聊的。

in an airport. It's hard to be bored almost anywhere.

在機場裡。幾乎在任何地方都很難感到無聊。

Because in the nearly 100 years that have passed since Heidegger was first writing about

因為從海德格爾第一次寫到現在，已經過去了近100年。

boredom, we have introduced a whole lot of devices that prevent us from ever being bored.

無聊，我們引進了一大堆設備，防止我們永遠不無聊。

Four billion cell phones in circulation, a billion PCs, over a billion Internet users,

流通手機40億部，個人電腦10億臺，互聯網用戶超過10億。

2.5 billion televisions. That's a lot of stuff to stop us being bored.

25億臺電視機。這是一個很多的東西，以阻止我們無聊。

And every physical space we might go is now jammed to the rafters with things demanding

而我們可能去的每一個物理空間現在都被塞得滿滿的，都是一些需要的東西。

our attention: screens, shops, all sorts of activity. Some of them in our own hands; some

我們的注意力：螢幕、商店、各種活動。有的在我們自己手中；有的

of them in others.

的他們在別人。

I think you can also make the case, and it's certainly true from the research we've done

我想你也可以做出這樣的案例，從我們所做的研究來看，這當然是真的'。

recently, that we might've traded in boredom for suddenly being overloaded. I do wonder

最近，我們可能'已經在無聊的交易突然被超載。我不知道

in a kind of slightly cheeky way if one should read a billion downloads on the app store

以一種略帶厚臉皮的方式，如果一個人應該在應用商店上讀到10億次下載。

as actually a billion reasons not to be bored and that what in fact we're doing with all

作為實際上十億的理由不無聊，那什麼其實我們'做與所有。

of these devices and all of these objects is warding off boredom.

這些設備和所有這些對象都在抵禦無聊。

They're like talismans, a little tiny moment of protecting us from being bored. Because

他們'就像護身符一樣，是保護我們不至於無聊的一小會兒。因為...

it turns out these devices demand our attention constantly. I interviewed a woman recently

事實證明，這些設備需要我們不斷地關注。我最近採訪了一位女士

in China and she said to me of this constellation of stuff in her life that all of these devices

她對我說了她生活中的這些東西，所有這些設備

were like a backpack of baby birds--great image, right?--with their mouths open screaming,

就像一揹包的小鳥--形象很好，對吧？--張著嘴尖叫。

"Feed me, feed me, feed me!"

"餵我，餵我，餵我！&quot。

She said, "Sometimes I just want to zip up the backpack and throw it in the river," which

她說，"有時我只想把揹包拉上拉鍊，扔進河裡，"這。

was in and of itself a kind of stifling moment and I thought it's not good that we've got

是在和自己一種窒息的時刻，我想這不是很好，我們'已經得到了。

to the point where the demands of our devices exceed our ability to meet them and thinking

以至於我們對設備的需求超過了我們的能力，而思考。

about what it means to imagine resting control back with such a violent act there. It was

關於想象用這樣的暴力行為將控制權重新安放在那裡意味著什麼。那是...

really kind of stunning.

真的是一種驚豔。

So I guess my plea to all of you, the thing I wish we could work out how to do, is bring

所以我想我對大家的懇求，我希望我們能想出辦法的事情，就是把...

boredom back, because really if you thought about it and you were honest, when was the

無聊回來，因為真的，如果你 想到它，你是誠實的，當是的

last time you genuinely let yourself be bored?

最後一次你真正讓自己感到無聊的時候？

I'm willing to bet most of us roll out of bed first thing in the morning and pick up

我'願意打賭，我們大多數人早上從床上滾下來的第一件事就是拿起。