I'm Carl Azuz, out of the studio but still online, and we thank you for taking the time to watch our show.

我是 Carl Azuz，雖然不在攝影棚，但仍有上線播報，謝謝你們願意花時間看我們的節目。

We've reported on restaurants and nightclubs closing in other countries as governments try to slow down the spread of the COVID-19, or coronavirus, pandemic.

我們先前已報導過，有些國家關閉餐廳與夜店，試著要減緩新冠狀病毒，或稱新冠肺炎，大流行傳播的速度。

Now, this is happening in the United States.

現在這也發生在美國了。

As of 11:59 p.m. on St. Patrick's Day, movie theaters, gyms, and bars in Miami, Florida were told to close their doors.

在聖派翠克節的晚上 11:59，邁阿密的電影院、健身房與酒吧都被要求關門。

Restaurants there are still allowed to sell food, but they've got to do that through take-out, delivery, and drive-thru.

餐廳仍然可以營業，但只能以外帶、外送或得來速的方式。

What's happening in Miami is just one example of how American governments are reacting.

邁阿密正在發生的事情，只是美國政府正在處理疫情的例子之一。

These are some of the scenes from Colorado where restaurants and gyms are among the businesses that are closed for 30 days.

這裡是科羅拉多，餐廳與健身房等產業都得關閉 30 天。

In Connecticut, Michigan, New Jersey, Wisconsin, and some other states, groups of more than 50 people getting together in one place are banned.

在康乃狄克州、密西根州、新澤西州、威士康辛州與其他某些州，政府禁止超過 50 人的群聚活動。

Concerts and parties, school events, business meetings, they've all been impacted.

演唱會、派對、學校活動與企業會議等，都受到了影響。

Ohio called off its presidential primary on Tuesday though three other states still went ahead with theirs.

俄亥俄州也取消了星期二的總統初選，但仍有三州沒有取消。

And the Federal government says Americans should avoid getting together in groups numbering more than ten people.

聯邦政府也呼籲美國人應避免參與 10 人以上的聚會。

The thinking behind all of this is that if people can keep their distance from one another, there will be less chance that they'll spread coronavirus around.

這些動作的想法是，如果人們彼此能保持距離，就比較不會到處散播新冠肺炎。

COVID-19 is a new disease.

新冠狀病毒是種新型疾病。

Health officials say people don't have immunities to it.

衛生官員表示，人們對它並沒有免疫力。

It appears to spread easily, and it's still mysterious to doctors.

它傳播力極強，且仍充滿未知性。

They don't want a situation in which local hospitals get overwhelmed with patients without enough health workers to take care of them.

政府不想看到地方醫院被病患擠滿，但卻沒有足夠的醫護人員來照顧他們。

So they're increasingly encouraging Americans to stay home.

所以他們鼓勵美國人待在家。

And some are warning that if we don't, a scenario like the lockdown in Italy is possible, when Americans are required to stay home.

有些人警告，如果我們不好好遵守，義大利封城的場景有機會在美國看見，屆時大家都得強制待在家。

That's happening in San Francisco, California.

像加州舊金山就已經封城。

People there are only allowed to leave to go grocery shopping, to the bank, to police, to the pharmacy or to get gasoline.

那裡的人現在只能出門去買生活用品、去銀行、警局、藥局或是去加油。

Governments have the right to enforce this.

政府有權力施行封城。

Questions right now about government-mandated quarantines and how do you enforce those.

這是有關政府實行封城，以及你們是如何實行的問題。

So, let me ask you this.

問題如下。

What legal authority does the government have to declare quarantines, and how can a quarantine be enforced if someone violates it?

政府有什麼法律依據可以宣吿封城，而若有人違反會受到什麼處罰？

Yes, Anna, so our government has very broad authority.

好的，Anna，我們政府的管轄權其實非常廣泛。

I think broader than people may realize to order and enforce a quarantine, meaning a restriction on people moving into or out of either specific places or broader geographical regions.

比許多人意識中的都還有廣泛，他們可以實施封城，意思就是限制人民出入特定場所或地區。

Now, under Federal law, the government through the Department of Health and Human Services, has the authority to order a quarantine as necessary to prevent the spread of communicable diseases.

在聯邦法中寫道，政府透過衛生及公共服務部門，為了避免疾病的大肆散播，有封城的權力。

That can either be an isolation order on a specific individual known to have a certain condition, or in rare cases, we can see a broader mass quarantine.

這可以是特定人士的個人隔離，或是更大的封城。

The last time we saw that was over 100 years ago in 1918–1919.

上次執行封城是在超過 100 年前，在 1918-1919 年間。

There was a mass federal quarantine when we had that different influenza outbreak.

當時因許多不同的流感爆發，造成聯邦封城。

Now, also, all 50 states have laws enabling governors to order quarantines.

而當然，美國全 50 州都有法律可以讓州長執行封城。

So how are these enforced?

那究竟這些要如何實行？

Well, first of all, you hope it's, it's sort of self-enforcing.

首先，希望大家能自主執行。

You hope people do the right thing and obey, but if not, they can be enforced by fines and in some cases, some states and under Federal law even by arrest and prosecution.

希望人們可以做正確的事並遵守規定，若不遵守就可能會受到罰款，甚至在某些州會被逮補起訴。

We hope it doesn't come to that.

希望不要走到那一步。

We hope everyone does the right thing, but the government does have the power if necessary to enforce quarantine.

我們希望每個人都做正確的事，但政府的確有權力可以實施封城。

Panic buying, which is what exactly what it sounds like, is being blamed for the empty store shelves that are becoming a more common sight across America.

恐慌性購買，就如字面上所說，是清空貨架的原因且在美國已變得越發越常見。

Industry leaders say items like toilet paper are being produced and shipped just like they are in any other point of the year, so there's not an actual shortage of this right now in terms of supply.

產業領袖說，像廁紙之類的產品的生產與運送與一般日並無異，所以目前在供應方面並沒有短缺。

But because there's such an increase in demand, with people buying it as soon as it hit's the shelves, it's creating a challenge for suppliers to keep up.

但因為需求的上升，人們一看到架上有衛生紙就要搶購，造成供應商的挑戰上升。

One question is, could panic buying or just stocking up lead to real shortages down the road?

問題是，這股搶購與囤貨潮，是否有可能真的造成資源短缺？

Panic shoppers picking shelves clean.

恐慌的購物者不斷清空貨架。

Stores closing early just so they can restock shelves.

商店甚至提早關門，以便重新上架商品。

Restaurants limited to just carry-out.

餐廳變得只能外帶。

Coronavirus fears have Americans worrying about the once unthinkable.

對新冠肺炎的恐懼讓美國人開始擔心以前從未想過的事。

Could it soon be hard to find food in the U.S.?

是否很快地在美國就沒有食物了？

No need to rush into the stores as if all of the food will be gone and there won't be any left to restock.

不用在店裡掃貨，好像食物現在不買就永遠不會再補貨一樣。

No.

並不會。

No problem with the food supply chain, and they will be able to restock the shelves.

目前食品供應並無問題，他們都能夠持續進貨。

Officials with Morton Williams Supermarkets in New York say traffic in their stores is up 300 to 400 percent.

紐約的 Morton Williams 超市經理表示，他們的來店客數成長了 300-400%。

Online grocery delivery service Instacart says it saw its highest customer demand in the company's history this past weekend, with customers downloading the app as much as four times the normal rate.

線上生鮮外送服務 Instacart 表示，在上週末他們的業績達到公司創立來史上最高，下載 app 的數量也是平常的四倍。

Twice, Monday, President Trump tweeted to try to quell shortage fears.

在週一，總統川普兩度發推特來平息民眾對於用品短缺的恐懼。

"Support your neighbors by not hoarding," said one, and "We are confident that supply will continue to meet demand nationwide," said the other.

一則推特寫道不要囤貨，讓鄰居也買得到，另一則說我們對於全國的供應鏈都很有自信，絕對可以滿足全國人民需求。

On Sunday, the president spoke by phone with more than two dozen grocery store and supply chain executives.

週日時，總統與超過 24 名超市與供應鏈管理階層通過電話。

We had a long conversation with them and they've, they're going to work 24 hours around the clock keeping their stores stocked.

我們講了很久，他們將會 24 小時不休息製造商品，讓貨品充足。

The problem isn't a shortage.

問題並不是短缺。

Warehouses are full of nonperishable foods enough to last for months.

倉庫裡已堆滿了可供人們食用數個月的防腐食品。

But healthcare and consumer industry groups are sounding the alarm: The supply chain could break down as more and more Americans stay home or fall ill, leaving fewer and fewer workers able to make, process, pack, and deliver.

但健康與消費產業團體提出警告，供應鏈可能崩潰，因為若越來越多美國人被隔離或生病，就會剩下越來越少員工可以製造、包裝及運送這些商品。

And that's not all.

還不僅如此。

Groups representing such household names as Clorox, Proctor and Gamble, and Pepsi fear other countries cutting off exports to the U.S. in order to keep supplies for their own sick populations.

代表 Clorox、Proctor and Gamble 與百事可樂等大牌子的團體擔憂，其他國家可能會切斷商品進入美國，來確保他們國民的物資足夠。

India, a major supplier of many drug ingredients to the U.S., has already limited exports of the painkiller acetaminophen.

印度對美國而言則是藥品進口的大供應商，已經開始限制止痛藥乙醯胺酚出口到美國的數量。

Germany has banned the export of protective equipment like masks, gloves, and suits.

德國也已經禁止保護裝備的出口，如口罩、手套與防護衣。

Then there are the millions of students who depend on meals from school lunch and breakfast programs.

而數百萬依靠學校學餐果腹的學生們怎麼辦？

If states shutdown schools indefinitely, fears grow kids could go hungry.

政府無限期關閉校園，孩子們可能會餓肚子的恐懼逐漸上升。

In Texas, hundreds lined up for food handouts organized by public schools in Houston.

在德州，數百人排隊來領取休士頓公立學校的發放食物行動。

Similar programs are starting up all over the country.

在美國各地有許多類似的行動被發起。

In Atlanta, Pet Yurda was grateful for the food for children like her seven-year-old grandson.

在亞特蘭大，Pet Yurda 對於給這些孩子的食物感到非常感激，包括她七歲孫子。

Parents can't afford to get the food.

父母買不起食物。

Yes, there's food stamps, but they do run out.

有食品卷沒錯，但它們也會用完。

So I think it's a good program that they're offering to the kids.

所以我覺得他們這樣為孩子們提供食物很好。

Meanwhile food banks and food pantries are drafting emergency coronavirus response plans.

在此同時，食物銀行與糧食儲藏室在為起草新冠肺炎的應變計畫。

As officials worried the hunger safety net for a whole population of Americans could soon be overwhelmed.

官員同時也擔憂，越來越多美國人挨餓，飢餓安全網可能很快就會無法承受。

Martin Savidge, CNN, Atlanta.

CNN 記者 Martin Savidge，於亞特蘭大報導。

10 second trivia.

十秒問答。

Hummingbirds are the smallest birds, but what type of hummingbird is the smallest?

蜂鳥是世上最小的鳥類，但又以哪種蜂鳥為最小呢？

Bee, violet ear, hermit or calliope.

蜜蜂蜂鳥、紫耳蜂鳥、隱蜂鳥還是星蜂鳥？

The smallest of the hummingbirds is the bee which is native to Cuba.

最小的蜂鳥是蜜蜂蜂鳥，古巴原生種。

When I first saw this specimen it just blew my mind.

第一次看到這個標本時，我十分震驚。

[The skull of a previously unknown species of bird-like dinosaur has been discovered.]

一個未知的似鳥恐龍頭骨被發現。

I have literally never seen anything like this.

我真的從沒看過這種東西。

It's even smaller than a bee hummingbird which is the smallest bird alive today.

它甚至比蜜蜂蜂鳥，目前世界上最小的鳥還要小。

[The fossil discovery represents the smallest dinosaur ever found, researchers say.]

這個標本的發現，代表了有史以來發現最小的恐龍。

The fact the skull is very fused.

這塊骨頭很完整。

The fact it has lots of teeth.

有許多牙齒。

The fact it has these really big eyes, all suggest that despite its teeny, tiny size, it was a predator, and it was probably feeding on small insects.

有很大的眼睛，這些都表示儘管牠體型迷你，但牠仍是個狩獵者，且應該是以獵食小昆蟲維生。

[The skull was trapped in 99-million-year-old amber, found in Myanmar.]

該頭骨是一個 9,900 萬年的琥珀中找到的，於緬甸發現。

When you have an animal preserved in amber, it looks like it just died yesterday.

當你將動物保存於琥珀中，牠們的狀態看起來就像昨天才剛死亡。

All the soft tissue in place, trapped in this little, you know, window into an ancient time.

所有的軟組織都還在位，困在這個小小的，通往古代的窗口。

["In the past few years, Burmese amber has yielded surprising insights [...] the potential for continued discovery remains large—especially for animals of diminutive sizes."]

「過去幾年來，緬甸發現的琥珀已經提供了許多驚奇的見識（略）在那邊能繼續發現新事物的潛力相當大，尤其是關於那些微小生物的事。」

[10 out of 10.]

來支讓人「十分」滿意的影片吧！

So what are professional athletes doing with so many of their games cancelled?

許多運動賽事取消，那這些專業運動員都在幹嘛呢？

Some are still playing—video games.

有些人仍在參與...電玩遊戲。

In fact, a number of European soccer players are getting involved in a FIFA tournament in which each team picks one player to represent it online.

很多歐洲足球員加入了一場 FIFA 錦標賽，每一隊會選一個玩家線上參賽。

We don't know what the prize is besides maybe bragging rights.

我們不知道獎品除了可以大肆炫耀外還有什麼。

But whether it's FIFA or Fortnite, there's a chance the person you're playing and maybe baiting is a pro athlete.

但不論是足球還是堡壘之夜，在遊戲中你對上的人都有機會是職業運動員。

Unfortunately virtual winnings also come with virtual prize money.

可惜線上競賽，也只有虛擬獎金。

But it's cool to think that a league of legends might be playing "League of Legends."

但想想一堆「運動聯盟」的人可能都正在玩「英雄聯盟」。

Practicing their "Minecraft" of the "Battlegrounds" of a "Battle Royale".

練習他們的創世神、絕地求生、大逃殺的技能。

Whether this turns into a month's long "Global Offensive" or hopefully just lasts for a "Fortnite" or two.

不管他們會不會變成足月的競賽，還是只會持續兩三週。

I'm Carl Azuz.

我是 Carl Azuz。

Joseph Case Junior High School! Shout out to all you Cardinals watching in Swansea, Massachusetts.

Joseph Case 中學！為你們這些在麻薩諸塞州 Swansea 收看的觀眾讚聲！

We found you on our YouTube channel at YouTube.com/cnn10.

看到你們在我們的 YouTube 頻道留言了！