and White". I almost wanted to say "Blackman: Black and White", but I didn't. Hi. So what

《蝙蝠俠:黑白世界》的對話。我差點就要說成「黑佬:黑白世界」(種族歧視層次)，好哩加在

am I doing today besides joking with you? Look, I want to teach a lesson today -- and

所以除了說笑外，我們今天要做什麼?其實，我今天想教大家一堂課--當然

already, the naysayers -- the "naysayers" are the people who say "no" before you finish.

開始會有反對者--反對者指的是那些在你做事時，會一直瘋狂否定你的人。

So you teachers out there that watch these lessons, I know you'll go, "Oh, well this

所以在看這部影片的老師們，我知道你會說:「不~

rule isn't right because --." This isn't about that. I'm telling you now there are lessons

這些文法不是這樣的」。因為我教的不是文法。我想表明的是，在這部影片，當然

on the video -- and actually on EngVid -- that go into greater detail and explain very well

是在EngVid上的影片，有更深入的細節，還有精確解釋

what I'm about to teach. This lesson is very specific. It's a quick way and a short way

我所要教的東西。這堂課非常易懂，也是一個又快又簡單的方式

for you to remember some grammar problems which are very common among many students.

讓你學會許多學生經常犯的文法錯誤

If you teach English, you know exactly what I mean. If you're a student, you know what

如果你是英文老師，你一定知道我的意思；如果你是學生，你會知道

I mean. And if you're somebody who is studying English on your own, when people look at you

我的意思；如果你是自學英文，而當有人用異樣的眼光看你，

strangely, and then they explain to you, you know what I mean.

並想向你解釋，你也會知道我的意思。

So this is JamesESL's 80 percent rules. Three quick rules for grammar. And the 80 percent

現在讓我們歡迎James英教的「八成法則」----三個簡單的文法。 誰能忘記八成法則

-- who could possibility forget the best guy in the world? Because he's going to be our

後有一個舉世之最的靈魂人物呢!它今天特別要來擔任我們的

percent sign today. Mr. E! Okay. Mr. E is the percent sign. So it's our 80 percent rules.

百分符號----E大大。E大大就是這個百分符號。這就是八成法則。

What do I mean by that? There are many exceptions to everything I'm going to tell you. I'm saying

八成法則是什麼意思呢?我待會要教你東西有很多例外。我先把話說

this up front so you don't get confused later on. But you will be correct 80 percent of

在前頭，免得你等等霧煞煞。但當你熟悉這些規則後，

the time without thinking if you master these rules. And the exceptions -- go to the other

就算你下意識使用這些文法時，都會有八成正確。至於那些例外，你可以

lessons on the site, and there's a lesson for each one of these. I'm telling you. I

到我的視頻裡，參考其他課程；每個課程都專門針對這些例外文法教學。其實，

did this because it's easier for you to read, write, and do well when you know these rules,

我希望可以藉由這部影片，讓你在讀、寫或以英文表達時，可以運用自如。

okay? So let's start with No. 1. Very often, students

可以嗎?那就讓我們從第一個開始:很常犯的，學生

say, "I say him." And I go, "What?" "I say him, 'I go home, now.'" I go, "What?" "I say

都會說:「我說他......」然後我就搞混了:「什麼?」「我說他，我現在回家了。」「啥咪?」「我說~

him." You can't "say" him. Remember: "Say" by itself means "single". S equals "single",

他~」「你不可以用『say』，知道嘛!say本身表示「單獨的」。S代表「單獨的」

right? "Single" means "one". "I say all the time." "He said to me." Right? Say and said,

可以嗎?Single代表「單一」。如:「我耳提面命」「他告訴(say to就變『告訴』)我」了解嗎?Say和said

past form of "say". It's for "one". One person is speaking. So when you just say "say" by

後者是say的過去式。Say的句子只會有一個人----一個人在講話而已。所以當你只用:「say」

itself, think "single". And you'll notice I've got S and S. But then you say, "James,

想想「單獨的」，然後你應該發現我們現在已經有「大小S」了!不過你可能會說:「James，

I want to say -- I want to say two people or more. I say him all the time." Okay. Okay.

我就是想說，我想說(說給)兩個人或很多人。我說(對)他耳提面命。」好!好!

I'll help you. This is the James 80 percent rule. Say "to" him. "What?" Say "to" him.

我瞭!八成法則要出場啦!說「給」他(聽)。「你工啥?」說「給」(手指比二是因為to與two諧音)他(聽)

"To" indicates a subject and an object -- a person is speaking to another person. "What

To後面可加「話題」或是「東西(物品、人)」----一個人在跟另一個人講話。「你跟他

did you say to him?" "Oh!" See? Right? You add the magic "to", and now, you can talk

說什麼?」喔~對吧!你只要加上那個霹靂to，你就可以跟

to more than one person and address it. "What did he say to him?" Got it? But if you say

很多人說話了。「你跟他說什麼?」清楚嗎?但如果你想說「某話題或

something, "I say", "he says", "they said" -- single "say". If you want to add an object

某件事」，只要在I say、He says、They said的say後面加引號""就可以了!如果你是想「說給」某東西

or a person you're referring to, then we say "say to". And the "to" gives you the idea

或某人，就要用say後面加to。所以to要讓你聯想到

of two or more. You like that? I got more. Okay. I don't even like saying "to". It's

兩人(two諧音)或更多。這樣的方法可以接受嗎?我可以告訴你更多喔!但其實我不太用say to，

so five-letterish. Why don't we just stick with four letters? "Tell". Think T in "tell"

感覺都要變「五」字天書了!其實用四個字母就綽綽有餘了!Tell用Tell開頭的T

means "two". You know how you say "say to", two words? You can combine that and just say

聯想「兩個」。你知道該怎麼簡化say to嗎?直接把它變成

"tell". "I told" -- tell and told. So we'll put "told" here because it's the same thing,

tell、I told。tell和told。我們把told放這裡，因為它跟say to一樣意思。

really. Past tense, just like "said" is here, right? "I told him." Right? Subject and object.

所以過去式said也一起放進來。「我告訴他(I told him)」。接「話題」或是「東西(物品、人)」。

"What did he tell you?" Subject and object. T stands for "two". So whenever you see "say"

「他跟你說什麼?」接「話題」或是「東西」。T代表「兩個」。所以不管你什麼時候看到「say」

or "tell", if you have "say" and "to" -- "to" means "two", right? You like that? And "tell"

或是「tell」。如果你用say和to，to就代表「兩個」。可以接受嗎?然後tell，

-- T means "two". You keep getting this T thing, and you know it's "two" -- an object

T也代表「兩個」。當你用T，你就聯想「兩個(two)」----某東西

and a subject is speaking to an object. Quick and easy. Dirty, clean -- I don't care. It's

和某人在和某東西說話。簡單明瞭，還是鴨子聽雷?都可以。你來

yours. All right? You like that? I got more. See this sleeve? Are you looking up the sleeve?

裁定。所以剛剛這樣可以接受嗎?我們還可以繼續。注意這個袖子，你有看到嗎?

Boom. Back to the board. Okay. No. 2: third person

嘣!回到白板。第二個:第三人稱

singular. "Hablar -- hablar en español." You know, when you say "you", you use S. "Hablas",

單數。說(此為西班牙文)，說西班牙文。當你主詞是you，動詞後面就加S。像是:Hablas(你說)、

"tienes" -- that's all the Spanish I know. You watched my other video where I say "bro"?

tienes(你有)，好吧!西班牙語我知道的就這樣。我之前在其他影片中有提到bro，

See? I told you to look for ten. Here's one video where you've got "bro", okay? Try and

記得嗎?那時我請你去找十個bro。現在你已經找到一個了!繼續

find nine more. Anyway. So you think third person, like "work". Well, "it" means "one".

努力找剩下的九個吧!好!所以第三人稱，等等用動詞work搭配舉例。首先，「它」是單一個，

"He" means "one". "She" means "one". S stands for "single". We're going to go back up here

「他」是單一個，「她」也是單一個。S代表「單一的」。讓我們再回到這裡。

again. S stands for "single". I told you, it's James' 80 percent rule. One word rules

S代表「單一的」。像之前說的，這是James的八成法則。吾道一以貫之。

them all. Or as my friends who like The Hobbit say, "And one ring shall control them all.

像我有一位喜歡《哈比人》的朋友就說:「至尊戒，馭眾戒。」

The lesser S means 'single' forevermore. Forevermore. Forevermore." That means "from now on", okay?

小S就代表「單一」，縱貫古今，橫連內外，直到天荒地老，都代表「單一」。

So you see S; you know this is a "single" thing. So it's got to be a "he", a "she",

所以當你看到S，你知道它代表單數。那就一定要是:一個「他」、一個「她」

or an "it". Not a "them". Not a "they". That's plural. There's no P in this. So "it works."

或是一個「它」。而不是「他們(受詞)」，也不消說「他們(主詞)」，因為這兩個都是複數。我們還沒請到P。所以這句應該是:「It works.」、

"She works". "I works?" No. Only for the third person singular, okay? And to help my Spanish

「She works.」。那我可以說:「I works」嗎?當然不行，因為s第三人稱的專利。至於講西語

friends out there -- mis amigos and amigas! Okay. Think second person. The "you". It's

的朋友們，mis(複數的我的) amigos(複數的男性朋友) and amigas(複數的女性朋友)。第二人稱

the same thing. Add an S. Okay? When I learn other languages -- Ruski or Urdu -- I will

也是同樣道理。記得加S。當我有學其他語言時，像:俄羅斯語或烏爾都語(巴基斯坦的官方語言)，我就會

teach you other rules, okay? I'm working on it. One lesson at a time. So S means "single",

再教你其他法則。我還在努力當中。先慢慢學，現在S就代表「單一」

just like we had up here. All right? So we use it for our single "he", "she", "it". Add

就像這裡。所以我們用S代表單一，它、他、她，要加

S; "It work?" No. "It works." "She works." "He works." I am special. So I have "am".

S「It work」?不對!「It works」、「He works」、「She works」。我很(am)特別，所以我獨得「am」

You like that? You should. Third one. "No, Teacher. This no work for

可以接受嗎?OK的啦!第三個:「沒有老師，我就沒轍了!

me. This is very difficult." I'm trying to think. "I not a good boy. No." Yeah. You know

這對我來說太難了。」我在想:「我不是一個好男生，不!」你應該會這樣說。

you say this. You know you do. You know you do. We've worked on this. So I'm going to

你應該會是這樣表達，是吧，是吧!我們之前已經學過這些。所以現在我要

work on something: the "no" words. Now, many languages have one word "no". "No hablar con

教關於NO這個字。其實很多語言都有這個NO「不跟你說話了啦!」

tú!" Yeah. I'm taking Spanish. Okay. "Non parler." All right. French, Spanish, you have

哈哈，這是西班牙語。「不說~」不管是法文還是西文，都有

"no". In English, we have this crazy thing -- or we have two words which mean "no". Sorry

NO。但在英文裡面，這常常使人陷入膠著，因為我們可是有兩個字都代表NO。應該讓你一個頭

about that. Once again, it's the 80 percent rule. So all you guys getting up and going,

兩個大了!再重申，我們是八成法則。所以你們可能會拍案起身說:「

"Oh, James, adjectives, and --." I know. But we're going to keep it simple because it's

喔~James形容詞要...(文法論戰)」挖嘛災，但我們用八成法則就是希望

quick when you have time -- sorry, when you don't have time to think. You need something

在你有時間...喔不，在你沒有時間思考的情況下正確使用。你需要

you can rely on. Here we go. See the word "no"? See the word "noun"? No noun, noun no,

一個準則。讓我們繼續，有沒有看到這個字no?有沒有看到這個字noun(名詞)?No noun, noun no,

no, no, no noun, no, no, no. No. "No money." "No one." "No food." No, no. Okay? It's a

no, no, no noun, no, no, no. No. 「沒錢」「沒人」「沒食物」NONO。這件叫

product that they sell called a "No No" that gets rid of hair. That's another story. Okay.

NONO的衣服就是專門除毛的，不過說來話長。

But "no" goes with nouns. "No one came yesterday." "No person on the planet likes English" except

總之NO就要聯想noun(名詞)。「昨天沒人來」、「舉世無人喜歡英文，除了

me and Mr. E and you because you're studying. "Not" is usually for verbs. Notice the T on

我和E先生，還有你，因為你現在就在這消磨了!」Not通常用在動詞。注意字尾的的T

the end of this means "tense", "verb tense". "Not going", "not working", right? Now, there

代表Tense(時態)「動詞時態」。「不要去」、「不要工作」。這裡還有其他

are other little rules, and I did say to you: Go through EngVid, and you'll find it because

小規則，然後就像我說的，你可以到EngVid去學，因為

there is a rule that actually is not quite the same as this. All right? But master this

那裡可以認識很多例外用法。但現在先熟悉這裡的用法，

first because the reason I'm teaching this lesson, if you understand the very basic things,

因為這堂課的原因，就是要讓你能了解總體規則，

when you study the other lessons, you'll find that it's easy to understand them because

這樣當你在學其它課的時候，你就可以比較得心應手，因為

you have the basics down. This is the core, what we say, "the root". Okay? The start.

你已經有基礎了。這就是核心，我們所謂的「根本」，也是開始。

And from there, you get the little exceptions here and there.

然後在EngVid，你就可以認識其他例外。

So this is JamesESL teaching you a quick grammar lesson with three -- oh, gosh! You don't know

所以這是James英教，糾正你的文法----三部曲。喔~你根本不清楚

-- very common mistakes. Okay. Mr. E and I are going to get out of here. He's helping

這些常錯文法!沒關係，我和E大大一起幫你找出來。他專門

with the 80 percent rule thing. So remember: "say" -- "say to". "Say to" equals "two".

做這種事。所以回憶一下「say」----「say to」。「Say to」就等於「two(兩個)」。

"Tell" -- T equals "two". Third person singular -- S on the end of the verb means "he", "she"

「Tell」----「T」也等於「two」。第三人稱單數----S放動詞後，主詞有他、她

or "it". "No" is for nouns. "Not" is for verb tense -- T for "tense". You're good to go.

還有它。「NO」要聯想noun(名詞)，「Not」是動詞時態----「T」代表「tense(時態)」。你做得很好!

All right? Listen. It's been a pleasure once again. Please

現在，我們又一起共度美好時光了。希望

go to www.engvid.com, "eng" as in "English" and "vid" as in "video", where you can see

你可以到 www.engvid.com。Eng代表English(英文)，Vid代表Video(影片)，在網站中

me and Mr. E and do the test. Don't forget to hit "like". Chao.

我們就可以再相見了。你也可以在這裡自我測驗。別忘了按讚，掰掰!